coll. - ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription-LWW (2017) IWb

The latest evidence-based research on cardiovascular participation screening in athletes.

Some activity is better than none, and more activity, up to a point, is better than less.

150 minutes per week or more.

The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Exercise is a type of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, aimed at improving or maintaining physical fitness.

They reflect the older adult's cardiovascular fitness level.

2.0 – 2.9 METs.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Older individuals work at a greater relative percentage than younger counterparts.

The risk for developing MSI is inversely related to physical fitness level.

A minimum of 2 days per week.

30 minutes or more on most, preferably all, days of the week.

Regular physical activity is inversely related to premature mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and other health conditions.

They found compelling evidence of the benefits of PA for health and the presence of a dose-response relationship for many diseases and health conditions.

Recommendations target adults (18-64 years), older adults (≥65 years), children, and adolescents (6-17 years).

To manage and/or prevent weight gain and obesity.

Improved cardiovascular risk profile, lower all-cause mortality, fewer CVD events, and reduced risk of physical function limitations.

It usually declines with age.

Oxygen uptake reserve.

Conditions include CVD, hypertension, stroke, osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and certain cancers.

The volume of physical activity required to prevent weight gain and/or obesity.

No, it generally does not provoke cardiovascular events in healthy individuals with normal cardiovascular systems.

Any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscles that results in a substantial increase in caloric requirements over resting energy expenditure.

Heart rate reserve.

The ACSM (American College of Sports Medicine) and AHA (American Heart Association).

Yes, physically active older adults may have aerobic capacities.

It indicates that individuals can improve fitness, reduce chronic disease risk, and prevent unhealthy weight gain by exceeding minimum recommended amounts of PA.

Moderate or high intensity activities involving all major muscle groups at least 2 days per week.

It reduces insulin needs and improves glucose tolerance.

1 per 133,000 men and 769,000 women.

SCD refers to Sudden Cardiac Death, and AMI refers to Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Healthy adults aged 18-65 should participate in moderate intensity aerobic activity for a minimum of 30 minutes on 5 days a week or vigorous intensity activity for a minimum of 20 minutes on 3 days a week.

Individuals who are physically inactive are more likely to experience MSI compared to their more active counterparts.

Stretching, warm-up, cool-down, and gradual progression of exercise intensity and volume.

Greater amounts of PA lead to additional health benefits beyond the minimum recommendations.

≥ 6.0 METs.

It reduces cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in these patients.

Increased exercise threshold for lactate accumulation and onset of disease signs or symptoms.

The relative exercise intensity (% O2 max) will usually be different.

300 minutes per week or more.

It plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic diseases, health conditions, and their associated risk factors.

150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity.

3.0 – 5.9 METs.

Interventions to prevent the initial occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.

The International Olympic Committee and the American Heart Association.

It improves physical function and supports independent living.

The ability to change the position of the body in space with speed and accuracy.

The relationship between physical activity and public health in older adults.

To provide current information on the benefits and risks of physical activity and/or exercise.

By performing bouts each lasting at least 10 minutes.

Metabolic equivalents.

Congenital and hereditary abnormalities, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and coronary artery abnormalities.

Improvement in cardiovascular and respiratory function, increased maximal oxygen uptake, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure at submaximal intensity.

It is associated with deleterious health consequences independent of physical activity levels.

Decreased anxiety and depression, improved cognitive function, and enhanced feelings of well-being.

Mild-to-moderate intensity isometric muscle actions.

The ability of muscle to exert force.

Reduced resting systolic/diastolic pressure, increased HDL cholesterol, decreased triglycerides, and reduced total body fat.

To clarify the concepts used throughout the guidelines.

Individuals who maintain a regular program of PA that is longer in duration or of greater intensity are likely to derive greater benefits.

To describe the absolute intensity of various physical activities.

Resistance training is as effective as aerobic training in managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and improving blood lipid profiles.

Cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility.

The ability of muscle to continue performing without fatigue.

Clinical intervention studies and large-scale population-based observational studies.

Higher aerobic capacity is associated with a lower risk of premature death from all causes, particularly from CVD.

51.6%.

It showed a dose-response relationship between physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness and the risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) and CVD.

Increased risk for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, cancer incidence, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Interventions after a cardiac event to prevent another occurrence.

The range of motion available at a joint.

Recommendations for reducing the incidence and severity of exercise-related complications for primary and secondary prevention programs.

31.1%.

The dose-response relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature mortality.

It can improve body composition, blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and blood pressure.

Percentage of oxygen uptake reserve (O2R), heart rate reserve (HRR), oxygen consumption (O2), heart rate (HR), and metabolic equivalents (METs).

The ability to use the senses, such as sight and hearing, together with body parts in performing tasks smoothly and accurately.

Higher activity and fitness levels are associated with lower death rates from coronary artery disease (CAD).

It is higher, ranging between 1 per 40,000 and 1 per 80,000 athletes per year.

Television viewing and computer use.

It positively affects walking distance and velocity.

The ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity.

The maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving.

An amount equivalent to 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week.

The exercise professional.

The ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample energy for leisure-time pursuits and unforeseen emergencies.

The time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction to it.

Increased capillary density in skeletal muscle and decreased myocardial oxygen cost.

Greater amounts of physical activity or increased cardiorespiratory fitness levels provide additional health benefits.

It reduces the risk of falls and injuries from falls.

The relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone, and other vital parts of the body.

The ability to perform a movement within a short period of time.

Regular physical activity is associated with improved cognitive function.

It decreases the adverse outcomes associated with sedentary time.

It can reduce pain and disability.

The ability or rate at which one can perform work.

It increases bone mass and strength, which can help prevent or reverse bone mass loss in individuals with osteoporosis.

Chronic back pain.

Agility, coordination, balance, power, reaction time, and speed.