How many divisions are there in the Brachial Plexus?
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Six divisions.
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How many divisions are there in the Brachial Plexus?
Six divisions.
What does each trunk of the Brachial Plexus divide into?
An anterior and a posterior division.
What nerve is associated with the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
Ulnar Nerve.
What does 'DR' stand for in the context of nerve injuries?
Dropped wrist, indicating a radial nerve injury.
What are common signs of brachial plexus injuries?
Pain, loss of sensation, and motor weakness.
What does 'CU' signify in nerve injuries?
Clawed hand, indicating an ulnar nerve injury.
What are the nerve roots for the Ulnar Nerve?
C8 – T1.
How can nerves in the brachial plexus be damaged?
Through acute trauma or chronic microtrauma, resulting in stretching, compression, tearing, or avulsion.
What does the letter 'M' represent in the context of brachial plexus nerves?
Musculocutaneous nerve.
What are common causes of 'burners' and 'stingers' injuries?
Contact sports, spinal stenosis, and severe stretching of nerves at the neck or shoulder.
What does the clinical presentation of brachial plexus injuries depend on?
The site of the lesion.
What are the nerve roots associated with the Radial Nerve?
C5 – T1.
What causes Klumpke's Paralysis?
Excessive increase in the angle between the shoulder and the thorax, leading to damage to inferior roots & trunks (C8 - T1).
What does the acronym 'Rugby' represent in the context of cord organization?
Roots of the Brachial Plexus.
What are the nerve roots associated with the Axillary Nerve?
C5 and C6.
What causes Erb-Duchenne Palsy?
Excessive increase in the angle between the shoulder and the neck, often due to shoulder dystocia during vaginal delivery.
What are the nerve roots that form the Median Nerve?
C5 – T1 nerve roots.
How long can 'burners' and 'stingers' last?
From seconds to days.
What nerve is represented by the letter 'A' in the brachial plexus?
Axillary nerve.
What causes upper plexus injuries in the brachial plexus?
Excessive stretch at the shoulder.
What is the main difference between supraclavicular and infraclavicular nerves?
Supraclavicular nerves are located above the clavicle, while infraclavicular nerves are located below the clavicle.
What are the three trunks of the brachial plexus?
Superior (C5 - C6 roots), Middle (C7 root), and Inferior (C8 - T1 roots).
What nerve is associated with the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
Musculocutaneous Nerve.
What is a clinical consideration related to the Radial Nerve?
Humeral shaft fractures.
What does the acronym 'Teams' represent in the context of cord organization?
Trunks of the Brachial Plexus.
Which muscles are innervated by the Axillary Nerve?
Deltoid and Teres minor.
What muscles does the Median Nerve innervate?
Majority of the anterior forearm, intrinsic thenar muscles, and the lateral half of the palm.
What is the typical arm position associated with Erb-Duchenne Palsy?
The 'Waiter’s Tip' positioning, where the shoulder is adducted, medially rotated, elbow extended, and wrist flexed.
What is the primary nerve affected in Klumpke's Paralysis?
Ulnar nerve.
Which nerves are considered supraclavicular?
The suprascapular nerve and the nerve to subclavius are examples of supraclavicular nerves.
What are the nerves associated with the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
Upper subscapular nerve (C5 - C6), Middle subscapular (thoracodorsal) nerve (C6 - C8), Lower subscapular nerve (C5 - C6).
What areas does the musculocutaneous nerve provide innervation to?
Anterior compartment of the arm and lateral skin of the forearm.
Which nerves are associated with the trunks of the brachial plexus?
Suprascapular nerve (C5) and Nerve to subclavius (C5 - C6).
Which nerves are part of the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
Medial pectoral nerve (C8 - T1), Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (C8 - T1), Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (C8 - T1).
How many roots are there in the brachial plexus?
Five roots.
How are the cords of the brachial plexus named?
They are named for their location relative to the axillary artery.
What spinal nerves contribute to the roots of the brachial plexus?
C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1.
What are the branches of the Medial Cord in the Brachial Plexus?
Medial pectoral n., Medial brachial cutaneous n., Medial antebrachial cutaneous n., ½ Median n., Ulnar n.
What are the three cords of the brachial plexus?
Medial, Lateral, and Posterior.
Which nerve is associated with the C5 root?
Dorsal scapular nerve.
Which nerves are associated with the Lateral Cord of the Brachial Plexus?
Lateral pectoral n., ½ Median n., Musculocutaneous n.
Which nerves are formed from the contributions of C5 to C7?
Long thoracic nerve.
What nerves are part of the Posterior Cord in the Brachial Plexus?
Upper subscapular nn., Lower subscapular nn., Thoracodorsal n., Axillary n., Radial n.
What spinal nerves make up the anterior rami of the brachial plexus?
C5 - T1.
Where do the roots of the brachial plexus pass?
Between the anterior and middle scalene muscles.
