How many books did Hippocrates write?
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More than 70.
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How many books did Hippocrates write?
More than 70.
Where can you find more information about the Paramedic Scopes of Practice?
On the Ontario Paramedic website.
What was standardized across all ambulance services?
Vehicles and equipment.
What is the significance of the phrase 'we stand on the shoulders of giants' in the context of prehospital medicine?
It acknowledges the contributions of pioneers in the field.
Which paramedic levels are covered by the NOCPs?
Primary Care Paramedic (PCP), Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP), and Critical Care Paramedic (CCP).
What information do ACOs gather during a 911 call?
Location of the patient, nature of the illness, and provide medical instructions.
What is required annually for paramedics through the Base Hospital?
Annual re-certification.
What does the MOHLTC mandate regarding training?
A system of continued training must be in place.
How many Pilatus Next Generation PC-12 airplanes are in Ornge's fleet?
8 airplanes.
What was the common practice for ambulance services prior to 1967?
Most just did 'scoop and run'.
What determined who could operate an ambulance service before 1967?
Whoever had an appropriate vehicle could use it.
How many Leonardo AW-139 helicopters are in Ornge's fleet?
12 helicopters.
What was the quality of care provided by ambulances in the 1800s?
Minimal at best; it was primarily a vehicle to move the patient.
Who are some key figures in the development of modern prehospital medicine?
Dr. Nancy Caroline and Dr. Eugene Nagel.
What were the main types of ownership for ambulance services between 1966 and 1990?
Hospitals, cities, private owners, volunteer first response teams, and the Ministry of Health.
Where were the Paramedics trained for the Ontario Air Ambulance Service?
Sunnybrook Base Hospital Aeromedical Program.
What is one responsibility of the physician in an EMS system?
Reviewing quality improvement.
What does the phrase 'Abuse it and you’ll lose it' imply in the context of Paramedics and Medical Directors?
It emphasizes the importance of adhering to the Medical Director's authority and guidelines.
What term is commonly used in the UK and Australia for ambulance personnel?
Ambulance Driver.
What are Medical Directives?
Written instructions listing guidelines for the care of patients with specific conditions, illnesses, or injuries.
What is the purpose of the quality assurance reviews?
To measure the success of each program provider in meeting service delivery requirements.
What course was being phased out?
The FCC course.
What type of training is organized or peer-directed in Human Resources?
Regular in-service training.
What is the role of a Senior Paramedic?
To provide advanced care and mentorship to junior paramedics.
What is the role of designated base hospital programs in Ontario?
To monitor the appropriateness and quality of patient care.
What programs does the province fund at 100 percent of approved costs?
Base hospitals, dispatch, Central Ambulance Communication Centres (CACC), Ambulance Communications Services (ACS), ambulance service to First Nations communities, Territories Without Municipal Organization (TWOMO), and the air ambulance program.
What is a Type III ambulance mounted on?
A cutaway van chassis.
What does EMS stand for?
Emergency Medical Services.
How many paramedics are there in Ontario?
Over 11,000.
What type of land ambulances does Ornge use?
Crestline Commander land ambulances.
What is certification?
Action by which an agency or association grants recognition to an individual who has met its qualification.
How did the advent of the automobile impact ambulance services?
It made the trip to the hospital faster.
What does ERV stand for?
Emergency Response Vehicle.
What is licensure?
The process by which a governmental agency grants permission to an individual to engage in a given occupation.
Who provided the yearly operating budget for ambulance services during this period?
The Ministry of Health.
What is a key characteristic of special teams in paramedicine?
They have specialized training tailored to specific needs.
What ongoing effort is important for the advancement of paramedicine?
EMS Research continues, focusing on new training and equipment.
What does Off-line Medical Control include?
Protocols and standing orders.
What is the role of provincial funds in EMS?
To run the provincial EMS offices.
What type of helicopters does Ornge operate?
Leonardo AW-139 helicopters.
When was the air ambulance system established in Ontario?
In 1977.
What is the purpose of the Paramedic Scopes of Practice?
To define the roles and responsibilities of paramedics.
What decades saw significant development in prehospital medicine and paramedicine?
The 1960s and 1970s.
What was the Ontario Air Ambulance Service Corporation formerly known as?
A division of the MOHLTC.
What does a governmental agency assess during the licensure process?
Whether the applicant has attained the minimal degree of competency necessary.
What is the role of a Paramedic in relation to a physician?
The Paramedic is a designated agent of the physician.
What technology do ACOs use to gather information?
Computer Aided Dispatching (CAD) programs.
Who primarily operated ambulance services in Ontario before 1967?
Local funeral homes, cab companies, or towing services.
What type of training did ambulance service providers have before 1967?
Training was non-existent; some had first aid or ex-military training.
What term do Americans and some Canadian provinces prefer for ambulance personnel?
Technician.
What are the responsibilities of the CACC?
Ambulance and local fire department dispatching.
What are the primary responsibilities of Ornge?
Transport medicine operations, including contracting flight service providers and medical oversight of flight paramedics.
What significant political promise was made regarding paramedics in Ontario in 1995?
Mike Harris promised to have PARAMEDICS province-wide.
What is a Type II ambulance?
A van-based ambulance.
Who approves Medical Directives?
The Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC).
Where are most special teams located?
In large urban centers or services with special circumstances.
What is the primary responsibility of Ambulance Communications Officers (ACOs)?
Receiving 911 calls and gathering patient information.
What does CME stand for in the context of training?
Continuing Medical Education.
What rank is usually responsible for direct patient care in the field?
Paramedic.
How do community groups contribute to future developments?
They provide grassroots perspectives and advocate for local needs.
What percentage of operational costs does MOHLTC fund since 2000?
50%.
Who operates the Central Ambulance Communication Centers (CACC)?
The Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care.
How do base hospital physicians assist paramedics?
By providing advice and direction in challenging or unusual emergency medical situations.
What is EMS a blanket term for?
All the components of a Paramedic service.
What was significant about Ontario's air ambulance system in Canada?
It was the first Canadian province to provide a helicopter-based air ambulance system.
What is a key feature of modern ambulances?
They are equipped with advanced medical equipment and technology.
What training system was developed in 1977 for air ambulance services?
A training system for critical care flight paramedics.
What was a key recommendation of the Swimmer Report?
That all existing ambulance and dispatch services be taken over by the provincial government and run as one entity.
What geographical feature does Ontario touch to the north?
The Arctic Circle.
What standards does the Emergency Health Services Branch develop?
Vehicle and equipment standards, policies, and procedures.
What type of programs does the MOHLTC support for land ambulances?
Base hospital programs.
Where was the Fundamentals of Casualty Care Program taught?
At Camp Borden, Ontario.
What services are included in the Emergency Health Services Branch's responsibilities?
Inspection and investigation services.
What is one of the primary responsibilities of an Emergency Medical Attendant (EMA)?
Airway care and suctioning.
What is the diploma awarded upon completion of the PCP program?
Diploma in 'Paramedic Studies'.
What is the first level of training in emergency medical services?
Basic First Aid.
What is important for an EMA to do when dealing with spine and extremity injuries?
Stabilization of spine and extremity injuries.
What type of emergency care can paramedics administer?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), oxygen, bandaging, and splinting.
What type of chassis is a Type I ambulance mounted on?
A truck-style chassis.
How has prehospital medicine evolved over time?
From Napoleonic times through the First and Second World Wars, and the Korean and Vietnam Wars.
What are special teams in paramedicine?
Teams of paramedics with specialized training.
What is the highest rank in the paramedic rank structure?
Chief Paramedic or Director of Paramedicine.
What rank typically oversees paramedic operations and personnel?
Operations Supervisor or Manager.
What is the term used for the process mentioned in the context of ambulance services?
Pre-Download.
What percentage of approved costs does the province grant to municipalities for EMS services?
50 percent.
What is the entry-level rank for paramedics?
Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) or Basic Paramedic.
What is the focus of the System of Quality and Development?
To ensure ongoing training and quality improvement.
What financial assistance does the ministry provide to municipalities and delivery agents?
A cost-sharing grant to fund one-half of the approved cost of land ambulance service.
What are the various levels of EMT in the United States?
EMT, EMT-A, EMT-B, EMT-P.
In which book of the Bible is the Parable of the Good Samaritan found?
Luke, specifically Luke 10:29–37.
What are the possible configurations for the connection between the cab and patient module in a Type III ambulance?
It can be completely passthrough or have a window.
Who completed the Swimmer Report in 1991?
Mr. Eugene Swimmer, a professor at Carleton University.
What is one of the roles of Ornge regarding interfacility patients?
Repatriation of interfacility patients.
What skills are emphasized in AEMCA training?
Advanced assessment and treatment skills for emergency situations.
What types of transfers does Ornge authorize?
Air and land ambulance transfers between hospitals.
How many residents do paramedics serve in Ontario?
14.8 million.
What type of vehicle is used by tactical paramedics in Ottawa?
Tactical Paramedic vehicle.
What is the function of the Mass Casualty Vehicle in Middlesex-London?
To manage and respond to mass casualty incidents.
How long was the training for the Fundamentals of Casualty Care Program?
1 month (160 hours).
How many certified land ambulance operators are there in Ontario?
53 certified land ambulance operators.
What types of training does the ACP program include?
In-class didactic training, in-hospital clinical training, and preceptorship practicum.
What is the role of an Emergency Medical Responder?
To be the first person on the scene with medical training.
What comes after Basic First Aid in the training levels?
Emergency Medical Responder.
What type of injuries does an EMA provide care for?
Medical and trauma injuries.
What component of EMS focuses on educating the public about emergency services?
Public Information & Education.
What is the purpose of the Ambulance Act?
To regulate ambulance services and ensure their proper operation.
What is the connection between the cab and patient module in a Type I ambulance?
A small pass-through that looks like a window.
Who controlled the ambulance service?
The Ministry.
What are the National Occupational Competency Profiles (NOCP)?
They are standards for accreditation assessments of paramedic programs.
What is required to operate Emergency Response Vehicles?
Additional training and licensing.
What does AEMCA stand for?
Alberta Emergency Medical Care Act.
Who is responsible for the funding of land ambulance operations?
Municipalities.
Which types of organizations typically play a role in future planning?
Government agencies, non-profits, and private sector companies.
Who certifies and delegates authority to paramedics for controlled medical acts?
The medical director of each base hospital program.
What are modern emergency vehicles primarily used for?
To respond to emergencies and provide medical assistance.
What percentage of Ornge's calls are for emergent and urgent interfacility transport?
90-93%.
What type of activities do base hospital physicians participate in for paramedics?
Continuing medical quality assurance and patient care competency maintenance activities.
What is the longest north/south distance in Ontario?
1,730 km.
Who staffs the Central Ambulance Communication Centers?
Ambulance Communications Officers (ACO’s).
What roles do logistical staff play in EMS?
They support the paramedic service, including schedulers, mechanics, and finance.
What is one of the responsibilities of the Emergency Health Services Branch?
Development of provincial patient care.
What role do paramedics play in the healthcare system?
They serve as a critical link between patients and the healthcare system, often providing life-saving interventions.
What does AEMCA stand for?
Advanced Emergency Medical Care Assistant.
What periods significantly changed the practice of medicine?
The Renaissance period and the industrial revolution.
What agreements support the air ambulance program in Ontario?
Contracts with Critical Care Transport, Preferred Providers, private air carriers, and commercial airlines.
What percentage of the provincial population is covered by 9-1-1 services in Ontario?
Greater than 95%.
When is the earliest known example of a physician from?
2700 BCE in ancient Egypt.
How many regional land ambulance base hospitals are there in Ontario?
7 regional land ambulance base hospitals.
How many requests for emergency medical service were there in Ontario in 2012?
Over 1.9 million requests.
What skills are often most useful for paramedics in their work?
Compassion and communication skills.
Which classic component of EMS involves the exchange of information?
Communications.
What is the highest level of paramedic training mentioned?
Critical Care Paramedic.
What are the primary goals of a Paramedic's practice?
Conserve life, alleviate pain and suffering, and promote health.
What are the routes of administration for Diazepam in advanced CBRNE?
Intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV).
What was Toronto known for in the 1800s regarding ambulance services?
Leading the way with the newest ambulance equipment.
From which province is this example of a Type II ambulance?
New Brunswick.
What characteristics does the review program combine?
Accreditation process, inspection, and compliance review.
What types of areas might require special teams for paramedics?
Air Force bases, refineries, mining/logging operations, high tourism areas, and remote locations.
Who developed the National Occupational Competency Profiles?
The Paramedic Association of Canada.
Who is currently in charge of ambulance service operations?
Upper Tier Municipalities (UTM).
What significant change occurred in 2000 regarding ambulance service operations?
Primary responsibility shifted from MOHLTC Emergency Health Services Branch to Upper Tier Municipalities.
When was the transition of land ambulance services to upper-tier municipalities completed?
January 1, 2001.
Who is considered the father of modern medicine?
Hippocrates.
What did Hippocrates describe in his books?
Many diseases and their treatment after detailed observation.
What is the wilderness percentage of Ontario?
90%.
How many Communications Officers work in Ontario's emergency services?
1,200.
What is a key component of patient care in Paramedicine?
Assessment and management of medical emergencies.
Where is the head office for provincial Emergency Health Services operations located?
5700 Yonge St., Toronto (6th floor).
What is the importance of patient care theory in Paramedicine?
It provides the foundational knowledge and skills necessary for effective patient assessment and treatment.
How does Ornge address non-urgent transport needs?
Based on geographic and population needs.
How many Primary Care Paramedics (PCPs) were involved in the OPALS study?
Over 200 PCPs were trained to Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP) status.
What action did the province take regarding ambulance services after the Swimmer Report?
The province began to divest itself of running ambulance services.
Why is Ontario's air ambulance system regarded as complex?
Due to its large size and diverse geography.
What is the purpose of the Critical Care Paramedics' scope of practice?
To maintain a high level of treatment from Intensive Care Sending Facilities during out-of-hospital transport.
What type of studies are continuing after the main OPALS study?
Specialized sub-studies.
What skill is essential for an EMA during a medical emergency?
Patient assessment.
How many hours does the PCP program consist of?
2000 hours.
What is required annually for ACPs to maintain their qualifications?
Completion of mandatory and elective continuing medical education courses.
What was a significant issue with the Kingston paramedic program?
Enabling legislation was never passed, preventing graduates from practicing.
What is the extent of equipment use for an EMA?
Use of a limited amount of equipment.
How can you recognize a Primary Care Paramedic?
By the one stripe on their shoulder epaulettes.
What concentration of Calcium Gluconate is used in nebulized form?
2.5%.
Why are Type I ambulances used by the Canadian Military?
Due to the ruggedness of the chassis.
What does the ministry conduct for air and land ambulance services?
Regular quality assurance reviews.
What do Medical Directives consist of?
A set of written policies and procedures.
Who staffs the fleet of charter aircraft in the Ontario Air Ambulance Service?
Paramedics.
What is the role of a physician in an EMS system?
Responsible for the clinical and patient care aspects.
What is the significance of groups involved in shaping our future?
They influence decision-making, policy development, and societal progress.
When did the province begin transferring responsibility for land ambulance services?
January 1, 1998.
What type of organization is Ornge?
A stand-alone, non-profit organization.
How many bases does Ornge operate from across the province?
14 bases.
How is the cab designed in a Type III ambulance?
The cab is an integral part of the ambulance unit.
What types of requests do CACCs process?
9-1-1 emergency and non-emergency requests for ambulance service.
What enables on-board aircraft medical care in Ornge?
Round-the-clock teams of flight paramedics with specialized training.
Who is responsible for the delivery of air ambulance services in Ontario?
The MOHLTC (Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care).
How do flight paramedics communicate with doctors on the ground?
Through a multi-system communication network.
What was the focus of the Economic Evaluation study initiated by the MOHLTC?
To assess the effectiveness of Advanced Life Support (ALS).
Who ultimately helps the injured man in the parable?
A Samaritan.
How does Ontario's size compare to Spain and France?
Ontario is larger than both Spain and France.
How many admissions does the Ontario Air Ambulance Service complete per year?
18,000 admissions.
What type of transportation does Ornge provide related to organ transplant?
Transportation related to organ transplant.
What is the role of the Special Response Unit in York Region?
To handle specialized emergency situations.
What is the total number of hours required for the ACP program?
3200 hours.
What life-saving procedure must an EMA be trained to perform?
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation).
Which classic component of EMS deals with the movement of patients?
Transportation.
What component of EMS refers to the physical locations where services are provided?
Facilities.
What program replaced the Kingston paramedic training in 1974?
The Ambulance and Emergency Care Program at Humber College.
What must every Paramedic maintain?
Certification with their respective ambulance services and governing base hospitals.
What device can an EMA use for defibrillation?
Semi-Automatic External Defibrillator.
Which classic component of EMS involves assessing the effectiveness of services?
Evaluation.
What does the Highway Traffic Act regulate?
Traffic laws and regulations on highways.
How does the driver compartment of a Type I ambulance resemble?
It resembles a pickup truck.
What type of drive do Type II ambulances typically have?
They are normally 2-wheel or all-wheel drive.
What training initiative was being implemented?
Training starting from the Ministry in conjunction with the colleges.
When were the NOCPs implemented for paramedic programs?
As of January 2001.
Under which act are the certification criteria for service operators established?
The Ambulance Act and Regulations.
What is a key future trend in paramedicine regarding health services?
Integration of health services into more mainstream health care for those at home.
What is On-line Medical Control?
Communication via radio or telephone.
What is a significant human resources need in the future of paramedicine?
More people and more vehicles.
What role do educational institutions have in shaping the future?
They prepare the next generation of leaders and professionals.
What is the Ontario Ambulance System?
A coordinated system providing emergency medical services across Ontario.
What is one of the earliest examples of prehospital medicine?
The Parable of the Good Samaritan.
What is commonly referred to as 'The Download'?
The process of transferring responsibility for land ambulance services to municipalities and delivery agents.
What percentage of Ornge's calls are for emergent scene response?
7-10%.
What type of drive do Type III ambulances typically have?
They are normally 2-wheel or all-wheel drive.
What does 'Primum non nocere' mean?
'First do no harm'.
How is the term EMS often used?
Interchangeably with paramedic.
What does the MOHLTC monitor regarding land ambulance services?
Compliance with standards for the delivery of land ambulance services.
In how many target cities was the OPALS study conducted?
20 target cities across the province.
How does the scope of practice of a Critical Care Flight Paramedic (CCFP) compare to that of an Advanced Care Paramedic?
The CCFP has a greatly expanded scope of practice over the Advanced Care Paramedic.
What type of vehicle is used for remote access in Renfrew County?
Remote access side by side.
When did the Fundamentals of Casualty Care Program remain open until?
April 1977.
What does 'Jack of all trades, master of none' imply about paramedics?
It implies that paramedics have a broad range of skills but may not specialize deeply in one area.
What must ACP learners demonstrate during their preceptorship practicum?
Competence to multiple preceptors.
What is contested about the healed femur bone anecdote?
The interpretation of it as evidence of early medical care is hotly contested.
What is a critical skill for assessing a patient's condition?
Patient assessment.
What qualities are essential for the practice of Paramedicine?
Knowledge, compassion, concern, and sensitivity for the well-being of the patient.
How do paramedics transport patients?
By air, land, or water to hospitals or other medical facilities.
What component of EMS is designed to manage and respond to trauma incidents?
Trauma Systems.
What capability can a Type I ambulance have?
4x4 capability.
Who develops Medical Directives?
Base Hospitals.
What are Emergency Response Vehicles used for?
First response, community paramedicine, tactical operations, and mass casualty incidents.
What is the basis for determining if a service operator meets certification criteria?
The peer-oriented review program.
What is the purpose of Emergency Response Units (ERU)?
To provide specialized response capabilities in emergencies.
How is the care rendered by a Paramedic related to the Medical Director?
It is an extension of the Medical Director’s authority.
What are the responsibilities of the dispatcher in ambulance services?
Movement of ambulances, providing call details, assisting crews, and monitoring paramedic operations.
How many regional Central Ambulance Communication Centers (CACC) are there in the province?
22 regional CACCs.
What is the responsibility of base hospital medical directors?
To monitor the quality of care provided by paramedics.
What does AEMCA stand for?
Advanced Emergency Medical Care Assistant.
What is the primary function of the Ontario Ambulance System?
To respond to medical emergencies and provide pre-hospital care.
What is the primary focus of AEMCA training?
To provide advanced emergency medical care.
What change occurred in the title of ambulance personnel after Mike Harris's election?
The title changed from Ambulance Attendant to PARAMEDIC.
Who are the first two individuals that pass by the injured man without helping?
A priest and a Levite.
What is the most common type of ambulance in Ontario?
Type III ambulance.
How did the government respond to the recommendations of the Swimmer Report?
The recommendations were ignored as 'too expensive'.
What is one of the main goals of patient care in Paramedicine?
To stabilize patients and prepare them for transport to medical facilities.
What is the role of the Provincial Transfer Authorization Centre (PTAC) in Ornge?
Authorization in support of public health objectives.
What is the population of the Province of Ontario?
More than 13.5 million.
How long ago is the earliest known example of using plants for medicinal purposes?
25,000 years ago.
How many Central Ambulance Communication Centres (CACC) are there in Ontario?
19 CACC + 3 service operated (ACS).
How many times might a paramedic experience a situation compared to a patient?
A paramedic might experience it hundreds of times, while a patient might only experience it once.
What types of calls must paramedics respond to?
Emergency and non-emergency calls.
What must a paramedic complete after finishing the college program?
A provincial examination known as the Paramedic exam or A-EMCA exam.
What life-saving technique is performed in emergencies?
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation).
What is a key skill for managing severe injuries?
Bleeding Control.
What documentation do paramedics need to complete?
Documenting and recording the nature of injuries and treatment provided.
What is a hopeful development for the paramedicine profession?
The establishment of a College to guide, administrate, and lobby for the profession.
What percentage of Canada's total land area does Ontario occupy?
Nearly eleven percent.
Why is collaboration among different groups important for the future?
It fosters innovation and comprehensive solutions to complex issues.
What types of vehicles are commonly used in modern emergency services?
Ambulances, fire trucks, and rescue vehicles.
What are some components included in EMS?
Dispatch centers, paramedics, logistical staff, and other support staff.
What is the number of Support Staff in Ontario's emergency services?
More than 2,000.
How far is it from Cornwall to Kenora in Ontario?
2,045 km.
What change occurred in the title of the credential after 1997?
The title changed from EMCA to AEMCA.
Is AEMCA certification recognized in all regions?
Recognition may vary by region and regulatory body.
What program was introduced as a pilot course for ambulance training in Ontario?
The Fundamentals of Casualty Care Program (FCC).
What was the primary method of providing medical care in prehistoric times?
Sending a provider to the injured or sick patient.
What is the time frame of the OPALS study?
1994 - 2002.
How long is the Advanced Care Paramedic program?
3 years.
How are local emergency services communication operations coordinated?
Through local EHS field offices.
Why is the healed femur bone anecdote considered significant?
It is considered one of the first signs of civilization and medical care.
How long did the initial paramedic training program in Kingston operate?
Three years.
What is the designation for paramedics trained to provide primary care?
Primary Care Paramedic.
What responsibility do paramedics have towards the health care system?
They have a responsibility to the system and the people they serve.
Which classic component of EMS ensures that medical practices are supervised?
Medical Oversight.
What type of training does the Humber College program provide?
Theoretical, practical, clinical, and field training.
What types of lines can a Critical Care Paramedic maintain and monitor?
Central venous and arterial lines.
What should Paramedics avoid in their professional practice?
Using their knowledge, skills, equipment, or pharmaceuticals in ways detrimental to the profession or public well-being.
What does the Midwifery Act regulate?
The practice and regulation of midwifery services.
What is the focus of the Substitute Decisions Act?
To provide a framework for making decisions on behalf of individuals who are unable to do so.
What is a critical requirement for paramedics in terms of work style?
The ability to work independently.
What is the primary focus of Paramedicine?
To provide emergency medical care and support to patients in pre-hospital settings.
Who oversees the Ontario Ambulance System?
The Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care.
What is the Hippocratic oath?
An oath taken by some physicians upon graduation, emphasizing 'First do no harm'.
What types of services are included in the Ontario Ambulance System?
Emergency response, patient transport, and medical oversight.
What organization is associated with air ambulance services in Ontario?
ORNGE.
What is the purpose of Emergency Response Vehicles (ERV)?
To provide rapid medical assistance in emergencies.
How many calls has the Ontario Air Ambulance Service coordinated since its inception?
More than 800,000 calls.
In how many communities do paramedics provide service in Ontario?
444 communities.
Where can publications related to ambulance service standards be found?
On the MOHLTC website at https://www.health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/emergency_health/default.aspx.
What is the minimum experience required for an Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP) to qualify for academic training?
A minimum of 2 years of experience in the paramedic field.
What does the phrase 'From womb to tomb' signify in paramedicine?
It signifies the comprehensive care provided throughout a person's life.
What does the healed femur bone anecdote by Margaret Mead suggest?
It suggests that the wounded person received help from others, indicating early medical care.
What is one of the primary roles of paramedics in assessing patients?
To assess the extent of injuries or illness of trauma victims and other ill or injured individuals.
How many transports resulted from the requests for land ambulance service in 2012?
Approximately 900,000 transports.
What is required annually for PCPs to maintain their qualifications?
Completion of continuing medical education courses.
What is Amyl Nitrite used for in advanced CBRNE tactical medications?
It is administered via inhalation (INH).
What is a Flight Paramedic?
A paramedic who may have a combination of Primary Care, Advanced Care, and Critical Care training with additional flight training.
What procedure can a Critical Care Paramedic perform related to heart rhythm?
Provide electrical cardioversion and pacing.
What is the focus of the Health Care Consent Act?
To ensure that individuals have the right to make informed decisions about their health care.
How should Paramedics conduct themselves during their duties?
In a manner that reflects credit upon the profession.
What is the purpose of the Municipal Health Act?
To address public health issues at the municipal level.
What does the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act cover?
It provides insurance and safety regulations for workers injured on the job.
How does a CACC enhance emergency response?
By providing real-time communication and resource allocation.
What is one key aspect of a paramedic's professional appearance?
Maintains a professional appearance.
What did the scope of practice for paramedics in Ontario not include prior to 1997?
Symptom relief medications and semi-automatic external defibrillation.
Who typically undergoes AEMCA training?
Individuals seeking to become advanced emergency medical responders.
What certificate was issued to graduates of approved ambulance and emergency care programs before 1997?
EMCA (Emergency Medical Care Assistant) certificate.
How many emergency calls are handled every year in Ontario?
1.75 million.
What significant regulation was established in 1967 regarding ambulances in Ontario?
The 1st Ambulance Act was developed, leading to ambulance service licensing and certification.
What type of support does Ornge provide for healthcare in remote communities?
Through new and innovative approaches.
What type of education and training does the Emergency Health Services Branch provide?
Paramedic and ambulance dispatcher education and training.
What certification does the Emergency Health Services Branch oversee?
Paramedic and land ambulance operator certification.
What role does the MOHLTC play in the broader health care system?
It supports land ambulances and ambulance communications services.
What is one of the classic components of EMS that involves setting rules and guidelines?
Regulation & Policy.
When did Ontario begin its experimental program to train paramedics?
In 1971.
What is a critical intervention for managing trauma in an emergency situation?
Bleeding control.
Who do paramedics liaise with to ensure proper treatment is administered?
Ambulance dispatch centres, base hospital staff, police, fire, and family members.
How has modern paramedicine evolved from traditional practices?
It is no longer just scoop and run medicine; paramedics are integrated members of the health care system.
How many hours of training did the Humber College program initially provide?
1400 hours (1 year).
What is essential for managing spinal injuries?
Stabilization of spine & extremity injuries.
How do paramedics assist hospital personnel?
By providing assistance with the provision of medical treatment, if necessary.
How do Emergency Medical Responders assist other professionals?
By providing support to other EMS professionals.
What does the Mental Health Act address?
It provides guidelines for the treatment and rights of individuals with mental health issues.
What is the purpose of SCBA certification in tactical operations?
To ensure safety when using self-contained breathing apparatus.
What is the purpose of the Public Health Information Privacy Act?
To protect the privacy of individuals' health information.
What happens to the man in the Parable of the Good Samaritan?
He is attacked by robbers who strip and beat him.
How do modern emergency vehicles ensure quick response times?
By using sirens and lights to navigate through traffic.
What types of aircraft are used in Ontario's air ambulance program?
Both rotary and fixed wing aircraft.
How has the path of medicine varied throughout history?
It varies from region to region and with different cultures.
What is the main function of an Advanced Care Flight Paramedic (ACFP)?
To provide Advanced Life Support treatment modalities to patients in areas lacking access to acute medical care.
When was the main study of the OPALS completed and published?
In 2002.
Who provided care to prehistoric humans?
Healers, shamans, and family members based on acquired knowledge.
What areas does the province break down into for managing emergency services?
Smaller regional field areas.
Which classic component of EMS focuses on the efficient use of resources?
Resource Management.
Which university collaborated with Ontario for the paramedic training program?
Queens University.
What type of care involves managing a patient's airway?
Airway care & suctioning.
How many patients were transported by land ambulance in Ontario in 2012?
More than 1.1 million patients.
Who certifies PCPs to perform controlled medical acts?
A physician.
How is Atropine administered in advanced CBRNE tactical situations?
It can be given intramuscularly (IM) or intravenously (IV).
Which act governs the responsibilities of coroners?
Coroners Act.
What is Hydroxocobalamin used for in advanced CBRNE?
It is administered intravenously (IV).
What is the purpose of the Labour Relations Act?
To govern the relationship between employers and employees, including collective bargaining.
What imaging can a Critical Care Paramedic interpret?
X-rays.
What is a High Risk Transfer Unit used for?
To safely transfer patients in high-risk situations.
What does CACC stand for?
Central Ambulance Communication Centre.
What skills are important for problem-solving in paramedicine?
Leadership and good judgment.
What prompted the MOHLTC to study the effectiveness of ALS?
Greater pressure from the public and the medical community to improve training for Ambulance Attendants.
How many Crestline Commander land ambulances are in Ornge's fleet?
13 ambulances.
How is the Ontario Ambulance System funded?
Primarily through provincial government funding.
What role do communication systems play in modern emergency vehicles?
They facilitate coordination with dispatch and other emergency services.
What does the Samaritan do for the injured man?
He cares for him and takes him to an inn, paying for his care.
What does the AEMCA credential recognize?
The inclusion of symptom relief and defibrillation in training programs and certification exams.
What does Advanced Life Support (ALS) refer to?
The performance of a controlled act as defined by the Regulated Health Professions Act.
How can you recognize a Critical Care Paramedic (CCP)?
By the three stripes on their shoulder epaulettes.
What is the duration of the Primary Care Paramedic (PCP) program in Toronto?
Two years.
What component of EMS is concerned with the training and development of personnel?
Human Resources & Training.
What subjects are emphasized in the PCP program?
Anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and mechanisms involved in acute injury and illness.
How can Advanced Care Paramedics be recognized?
By the two stripes on their shoulder epaulettes.
Which level of training allows paramedics to provide advanced care?
Advanced Care Paramedic.
How does an EMA assist other EMS professionals?
By providing support in various emergency situations.
What is the qualification level of a Critical Care Paramedic (CCP)?
They are qualified as an advanced care paramedic.
What is the significance of the Humber College program in paramedic education?
It provides the standard for entry-level training into the field.
What is the purpose of Pralidoxime / Obidoxime in advanced CBRNE?
It is administered intramuscularly (IM).
What is the focus of the Child and Family Services Act?
To protect children and support families in need.
What does the Occupational Health and Safety Act ensure?
The safety and health of workers in the workplace.
What is involved in establishing intravenous treatment (IV) by paramedics?
Applying adjunctive equipment for ventilation and circulation complications, administering medications, and providing other emergency treatment.
What is the current duration of the Humber College paramedic program?
Two years.
What type of injuries do Emergency Medical Responders care for?
Medical and trauma injuries.
What emergency procedure can a Critical Care Paramedic initiate for chest trauma?
Needle thoracostomies and cricothyroidotomies.
What does TECC stand for?
Tactical Emergency Casualty Care.
What equipment can a Critical Care Paramedic set up and use for medication delivery?
Intravenous infusion pumps.
What is the primary function of a CACC?
To coordinate and dispatch ambulance services.
What personal qualities are essential for a paramedic?
Calm temperament, superb observational skills, and high physical fitness.
What principle must Paramedics respect when providing care?
Human dignity, regardless of nationality, race, creed, colour, status, sex, religion, sexual orientation, type of illness, or disability.
What responsibilities do paramedics have regarding their equipment?
To maintain ambulances and emergency care equipment and supplies.
What type of dressing is used for advanced CBRNE tactical procedures?
Olaes Modular Pressure Dressing.
What type of catheter can a Critical Care Paramedic initiate?
Urinary catheters.
What does the Employment Standards Act address?
It sets out minimum employment standards for workers.
What is one of the airway management procedures a Critical Care Paramedic can initiate?
Gastric intubation and suction.
What should Paramedics encourage to gain public trust?
High standards of professional practice, conduct, competence, and appearance.
What can a Critical Care Paramedic administer related to blood?
Blood and blood products.
How do paramedics maintain their knowledge and skills?
Through continuing medical education (CME) and refresher courses.
What is the limitation on equipment use for Emergency Medical Responders?
Use of a limited amount of equipment.
What does TCCC stand for?
Tactical Combat Casualty Care.
What is the use of Hemostatic Z-Fold Wound Packing Gauze?
To promote rapid clotting and control bleeding.
What must Paramedics protect regarding their patients?
The patient's safety, dignity, and privacy.
What additional skills can Emergency Medical Responders perform?
Other skills as permitted by local medical authorities.
What type of medical test results can a Critical Care Paramedic interpret?
Medical laboratory test results.
What monitoring devices can a Critical Care Paramedic use?
Doppler flow monitors, carbon dioxide and oximetry monitors.
What should be the priority for paramedics when providing care?
The patient's needs.
What is required of Paramedics concerning patient confidentiality?
They must preserve and protect confidentiality, disclosing information only when necessary for treatment or required by law.
What is the function of a Combat Application Tourniquet?
To control severe bleeding in tactical situations.
Who typically operates within a CACC?
Emergency medical dispatchers and communication personnel.
What can a Critical Care Paramedic set and maintain related to respiratory support?
Ventilator parameters and mechanical ventilators.
What type of information do CACCs manage?
Patient information, location data, and resource availability.
