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What is fibrinoid necrosis in the context of rheumatic fever?
Fibrinoid necrosis refers to the necrosis of myocardial tissue due to deposition of fibrin and inflammatory cells, a characteristic feature of rheumatic fever.
What are the diagnostic criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever?
2 Major criteria or 1 major and 2 minor criteria
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p.18
Rheumatic Fever

What is fibrinoid necrosis in the context of rheumatic fever?

Fibrinoid necrosis refers to the necrosis of myocardial tissue due to deposition of fibrin and inflammatory cells, a characteristic feature of rheumatic fever.

p.42
Rheumatic Fever

What are the diagnostic criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever?

2 Major criteria or 1 major and 2 minor criteria

p.34
Rheumatic Fever

Who authored the article 'Carapetis et al Lancet 2006'?

Carapetis et al

p.1
Rheumatic Heart Disease

Who authored the study on Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in children?

John Lawrenson

p.4
Rheumatic Fever

What is the significance of a chest radiograph on admission?

It helps in assessing the extent of cardiac involvement in patients with rheumatic fever.

p.1
Rheumatic Heart Disease

Which universities were involved in the study of Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in children?

Universities of Stellenbosch and Cape Town

p.6
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What imaging technique is discussed in the article?

Echo

p.36
Rheumatic Fever

What are the Duckett Jones criteria used for?

Making the clinical diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever

p.26
Rheumatic Fever

What is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in developing countries?

Rheumatic fever

p.21
Rheumatic Fever

What valve is usually involved in Acute Rheumatic Fever?

Mitral valve

p.21
Rheumatic Fever

Which valve can be involved together with the mitral valve in Acute Rheumatic Fever?

Aortic valve

p.38
Rheumatic Fever

What is the significance of the Bland, Jones Circulation 1951?

The Bland, Jones Circulation 1951 was a landmark study that provided important insights into the pathophysiology of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.

p.12
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What does RHD stand for?

Rheumatic Heart Disease

p.22
Mitral Regurgitation

What is the focus of the book 'Perspectives on the Mitral Valve' by Barlow?

The focus of the book is on the mitral valve.

p.18
Rheumatic Fever

What are Anitschkow cells?

Anitschkow cells are enlarged macrophages with a 'caterpillar' or 'owl-eye' appearance found in the myocardium in rheumatic fever.

p.32
Rheumatic Fever

Who authored the article 'Carapetis et al Lancet 2006'?

Carapetis et al

p.12
Rheumatic Fever

What does ARF stand for?

Acute Rheumatic Fever

p.33
Rheumatic Fever

What are the outcomes of rheumatic fever in Uganda from 2017 to 2021?

The outcomes of rheumatic fever in Uganda from 2017 to 2021 were documented in a study by Wirth et al. published in The Lancet Global Health in 2024.

p.48
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What term is used to describe the presence of RHD without any noticeable symptoms?

Subclinical RHD

p.28
Acquired Cardiac Disease in Children

At what age do most deaths occur within 2 years after enrolment?

12 years old

p.47
Rheumatic Fever

Where have all the patients with acute rheumatic fever gone?

The incidence of acute rheumatic fever has decreased in developed countries.

p.11
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What is the estimated incidence of rheumatic heart disease (de novo hospital presentations) according to Sliwa et al.?

The estimated incidence of rheumatic heart disease (de novo hospital presentations) is 719-727 per 100,000 population.

p.7
Mitral Regurgitation

What are the symptoms presented by the 40-year-old man with moderate mitral regurgitation?

Shortness of breath with effort, palpitations, inability to move left arm and left leg

p.30
Rheumatic Fever

What is the abbreviation for the journal 'Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine'?

Curr Treat Options Cardio Med

p.10
Stroke in Rheumatic Heart Disease

What is the estimated number of strokes caused by Rheumatic heart disease?

300,000 strokes

p.24
Mitral Regurgitation

What is the St Jude Mitral valve prosthesis?

It is a mechanical heart valve used to replace a diseased or damaged mitral valve.

p.10
Stroke in Rheumatic Heart Disease

What percentage of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA’s) are attributed to Rheumatic heart disease?

3 - 7.5%

p.10
Chronic Valvular Heart Disease

What is a common consequence of Rheumatic heart disease?

Chronic valvular heart disease

p.27
Rheumatic Fever

What is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developing countries?

Rheumatic Fever

p.48
Rheumatic Fever

What does ARF stand for?

Acute Rheumatic Fever

p.12
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What term is used to describe the presence of RHD without any noticeable symptoms?

Subclinical RHD

p.2
Myocarditis

What is the most common cause of myocarditis in children in the Western Cape?

TB

p.50
Rheumatic Fever

How can we prevent people at risk from getting rheumatic fever?

By treating streptococcal throat infections with antibiotics to prevent the development of rheumatic fever.

p.1
Rheumatic Fever

What is the relationship between Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease?

Rheumatic Fever can lead to Rheumatic Heart Disease in children.

p.31
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What are some of the characteristics, complications, and gaps in evidence-based interventions in rheumatic heart disease documented in the REMEDY study?

The Global Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry (the REMEDY study) documented characteristics, complications, and gaps in evidence-based interventions in rheumatic heart disease.

p.2
Kawasaki Disease

What is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in the Western Cape?

Kawasaki Disease

p.29
Rheumatic Heart Disease

Who is at risk of developing rheumatic heart disease?

Rheumatic heart disease primarily affects children and young adults who have had untreated strep throat or scarlet fever caused by group A streptococcal infection.

p.27
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What is the most common complication of Rheumatic Fever?

Rheumatic Heart Disease

p.6
Rheumatic Heart Disease

Who are the authors of the article?

Nina C. Wunderlich, Roy Beigel, Robert J. Siegel

p.48
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What does RHD stand for?

Rheumatic Heart Disease

p.49
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What is the title of the article in The Lancet Global Health from 2014?

Active surveillance for rheumatic heart disease in endemic regions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence among children and adolescents

p.3
Mitral Regurgitation

What are the findings in a 25-year-old woman in her 2nd month of pregnancy who is short of breath with effort over the last week?

S1 loud, P2 loud, 2/4 mid-diastolic murmur at apex, fine crackles on inspiration at lung bases

p.31
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What is the Global Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry also known as?

The REMEDY study

p.2
Endocarditis

What is a common cause of endocarditis in children?

Acute rheumatic fever

p.2
Chronic Valvular Heart Disease

What is a common acquired cardiac disease in children that can lead to chronic valvular heart disease?

Acute rheumatic fever

p.12
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What term is used to describe the situation where ARF is not diagnosed or treated properly, leading to the development of RHD?

Unrecognized ARF leading to Recurrence of RHD

p.53
None

What are you thanking for?

Listening

p.2
Pericarditis

What is a common cause of pericarditis in children?

TB

p.26
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What is the long-term consequence of rheumatic fever affecting the heart?

Rheumatic heart disease

p.6
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What is the title of the article?

JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, Volume 6, Issue 11, 2013, 1191 - 1205

p.49
Rheumatic Heart Disease

In which volume and issue was the article published?

Volume 2 Issue 12

p.48
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What term is used to describe the situation where ARF is not diagnosed or treated properly, leading to the development of RHD?

Unrecognized ARF

p.49
Rheumatic Heart Disease

What was the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease among children and adolescents according to the systematic review and meta-analysis?

At least 10 times more common

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