What is a theory?
Click to see answer
A hypothesis or system of ideas proposed to explain a given phenomenon or idea.
Click to see question
What is a theory?
A hypothesis or system of ideas proposed to explain a given phenomenon or idea.
What is one of the primary responsibilities of nurses in patient care?
Assessing patient’s needs and problems.
How can a theory be characterized?
As a major, well-articulated idea about something important to a particular individual or group.
What is a conceptual framework?
A structure that links global concepts together and represents the unified whole of a larger reality.
What is the first component of a theory?
Concepts, which help describe or label a phenomenon.
What does nursing encompass?
Autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well, in all settings.
Who do nurses collaborate with to develop a plan of care?
Physicians, therapists, clients, and other team members.
What is the essence of nursing?
Caring for others.
What does a theory provide?
An orderly way to view phenomena through a set of concepts and propositions.
What is nursing theory?
A body of knowledge that describes or explains nursing and supports nursing practice.
How does a conceptual framework relate to theory?
The specifics about phenomena within the global whole are better explained by theory.
What do definitions in a theory provide?
The general meaning of the concepts in a manner that fits the theory.
What are the key components of nursing?
Promotion of health, prevention of illness, and care of ill, disabled, and dying people.
How does research contribute to the nursing discipline?
By increasing the general body of knowledge through validation.
What are advanced practice nurses (APNs) responsible for in the United States?
Diagnosing problems and prescribing drugs or therapies.
What is a principle in the context of nursing theory?
A basic generalization that is accepted as true and can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct.
What Latin words is 'nursing' derived from?
Nutricia, nutriz, nutrire.
What is one of the primary roles of nurses in health maintenance?
Health maintenance of healthy individuals.
What do theories do with concepts?
They interrelate concepts to create a different way of looking at a phenomenon.
What concept was developed during the Apprentice Ship Period?
On-the-job training or internship.
How does nursing theory contribute to nursing practice?
It amplifies knowledge development and enhances the quality of nursing practice.
What is a conceptual model?
A term often used interchangeably with conceptual framework and sometimes with grand theories.
What are assumptions in a theory?
Statements that describe concepts or connect two concepts that are factual.
How do practitioners utilize nursing theories?
To guide and improve their practice.
What is one of the primary responsibilities of Registered Nurses (R.N.s)?
Promote health, prevent disease, and help patients cope with illness.
Why is nursing difficult to define?
Some nurse leaders believe that defining it would restrict the growth of the profession.
Can you name two types of advanced practice nurses?
Clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners.
What is a phenomenon in nursing?
An observable fact that can be perceived through the senses and explained.
What do the Latin words related to nursing mean?
'Nurse', 'nourish', or 'cherish'.
What type of emergencies do nurses treat?
Life-threatening emergencies in various health care settings.
What is a key characteristic of theories?
They are logical in nature.
Who taught the apprentices during the Apprentice Ship Period?
More experienced individuals who knew about caring for the sick and wounded.
What does nursing theory provide for clinical care?
It serves as the backbone of clinical care.
What do grand theories articulate?
A broad range of the significant relationships among the concepts of a discipline.
How did Florence Nightingale define nursing?
As 'the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery.'
What does the term 'phenomenon' refer to in a theory?
An aspect of reality that can be consciously sensed or experienced.
What is the meta-paradigm for nursing?
A unifying force in nursing that names the phenomena of concern to the discipline.
What three components are essential for the practice of nursing?
Theoretical knowledge, clinical experience, and technical skill.
What is a characteristic of validated nursing theories?
They are consistent with other validated theories, laws, and principles but leave open unanswered questions.
How do Registered Nurses (R.N.s) support patients and communities?
By advocating and educating patients, clients, families, and communities.
What is the general consensus about defining nursing?
Nursing needs definition to be better understood.
What is one purpose of theory in nursing?
To support the development of knowledge through thesis and contestability.
Why do new nursing students ask about the meaning of nursing?
To understand its worth to society.
What do nursing theories focus on?
The phenomena of nursing and nursing care.
What is involved in the treatment of acutely or chronically ill patients?
Treatment, safety, and recovery of the patients.
What does it mean for a theory to be generalizable?
It can be applied to different situations or populations.
How did apprentices learn during this period?
They learned alongside those primarily giving aid and care.
What does nursing as an art involve?
The use of imagination and creativity in caring.
Why is a commitment to theory-based evidence important in nursing?
It guides systematic, knowledgeable care, benefiting patients.
What do nursing theories provide for examining situations?
A framework for thought.
What did Nightingale's definition of nursing highlight?
The uniqueness of nursing practice in the health profession.
What do the four concepts of the meta-paradigm represent?
Key concepts of all theories in nursing.
How is nursing described in terms of its nature?
As an art, science, and practice.
With whom do Registered Nurses (R.N.s) work during treatments and examinations?
They work with physicians.
In how many ways is nursing defined?
Three ways: Art, Science, and Practice.
How does theory contribute to outcomes in nursing?
It explains and predicts outcomes.
Give examples of phenomena in nursing.
Caring, self-care, and client responses to stress.
What non-clinical functions do nurses perform?
Research and non-clinical functions necessary for the delivery of health care.
What do theories provide a basis for?
Hypotheses that can be tested.
What natural tendency does nursing spring from?
The tendency of man to take care of fellow human beings for health and life preservation.
What does an organized nursing theory articulate?
A set of statements related to questions in the discipline of nursing.
How do nursing theories assist in decision making?
They provide a structure for organization, analysis, and decision making.
How did Nightingale distinguish nursing from medical practice?
By emphasizing the environmental aspects of patient care.
What is the origin of the term 'meta-paradigm'?
It comes from two Greek words: 'meta' meaning 'with' and 'paradigm' meaning 'pattern'.
What does the term 'art' refer to in nursing?
The creativity required in responding to individual client needs.
Why were tasks traditionally given to women?
Because they were seen as compassionate and nurturing in nature.
What does the synergy in nursing practice refer to?
The combination of theoretical knowledge, clinical experience, and technical skill.
What three elements are required for effective nursing practice?
Technical skill, clinical experience, and theoretical knowledge.
What is one of the tasks that Registered Nurses (R.N.s) perform related to medications?
Administer medications.
What is theoretical knowledge in nursing?
Understanding the principles and concepts that underpin nursing practice.
What are the three definitions of nursing?
Art, Science, and Practice.
What was the nature of knowledge in the early part of nursing's history?
Knowledge was extremely limited and almost entirely task-oriented.
In what way does theory assist nurses in their practice?
It supports decision making.
What role do nurses play in education?
Teaching and mentoring other nurses.
What characterizes the Intuitive Period in nursing history?
It was marked by slavery, witchcraft, and superstitious beliefs.
How are nursing and human survival linked?
History shows that the survival of human beings and nursing are inextricably linked.
In what way do nursing theories facilitate communication?
They provide a structure for communicating with other nurses and health care team members.
What is a concept in the context of a theory?
A concept is the basic building block of a theory.
What qualities did Nightingale associate with nursing?
Compassion and dedication.
What is the primary aim of science?
The expansion of a body of knowledge.
How can the meta-paradigm be applied in nursing?
It can be superimposed on almost any work in nursing.
What additional aspects of nursing are considered artful?
Knowledge, judgement, and skill exercised by nurses.
What roles were women expected to fulfill in caring for others?
Taking good care of their children, the sick, and the aged.
What is the purpose of combining technical skill, clinical experience, and theoretical knowledge in nursing?
To achieve the purpose of nursing practice.
What does clinical experience refer to in nursing?
Hands-on practice and exposure to real patient care situations.
What is the basis for professional nursing?
The integration of theory into practice.
What does the term 'client' refer to in healthcare?
Recipients of health care, including individuals, families, groups, and communities.
Who was Virginia Henderson?
One of the first modern nurses to define nursing.
Who is referred to as a patient in nursing?
An individual suffering from any form of discomfort or pain quietly or without complaint.
How does Florence Nightingale describe nursing?
As an art that requires exclusive devotion and hard preparation.
What does theory embed for clients and nurses?
Goals and outcomes.
What was the focus of early nursing theorists in the 1950s?
The tasks of nursing practice from a mechanistic viewpoint.
What does art in nursing encompass?
The whole of the nursing experience, which goes beyond curing the patient.
How did nursing begin according to the Intuitive Period?
Nursing was instinctive, with humans naturally providing care to their young and mates.
What does nursing as an art not rely on?
Mechanical details of execution or the dexterity of the performer.
How do concepts function in thought?
A concept is a vehicle of thought.
What do nursing theories help clarify within the discipline?
Beliefs, values, and goals.
What is the client's preference regarding injections?
The client prefers to be injected only on one side of the arm, the 'favorite' arm.
What organization adopted the definition of nursing in 1973?
International Council of Nurses (ICN).
How does scientific knowledge impact nursing?
It informs the thinking and practice of the discipline.
What does the synergy in nursing practice refer to?
The combination of technical skill, clinical experience, and theoretical knowledge.
What are technical skills in nursing?
The ability to perform specific procedures and tasks effectively.
How is nursing established as a separate profession?
By being a health profession distinct from the practice of medicine.
What does 'Maski-papaano' refer to?
A Filipino attitude known during the intuitive period.
What abilities do nurses develop to deliver effective care?
The ability to sense, feel, perceive, and decide effectively.
How does the American Nursing Association (ANA) define nursing?
As the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, and alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human response.
What produces nurses who understand the 'why' and 'wherefores' of their practice?
Adequate theoretical knowledge and clinical experience.
Who qualifies as a client in the context of health services?
Individuals who need or require health services, regardless of their specific health care needs.
What year did Virginia Henderson define nursing?
What are the primary components of nursing?
Promotion of health, prevention of illness, and care of ill, disabled, and dying people.
What does the literature say about the relationship between theory and nursing care?
It yields many interpretations regarding the role each component plays in the health care environment.
What comparison does Nightingale make to emphasize the importance of nursing?
She compares it to the work of painters and sculptors, highlighting the living body as more significant than dead canvas or cold marble.
What is one role of nurses in patient recovery?
Assist clients in convalescence and rehabilitation.
How does theory aid in the modeling of nursing processes?
It supports the modeling of processes of nursing.
What does it mean when a person is described as a patient?
They are seeking medical care.
What aspects of nursing were diminished due to the mechanistic viewpoint?
The art of nursing, the value of caring, relationship aspects, and the esthetics of practice.
What is the primary focus of Imogene King's goal attainment theory?
The relationship between operational, interpersonal, and social systems.
Can there be caring without curing in nursing?
Yes, there can be caring without curing.
What elements are used in nursing as an art?
Creative imagination, sensitive spirit, and intelligent understanding.
What unique contribution does nursing theory help define?
The unique contribution of nursing in the care of clients.
According to Chinn and Kramer (1999), how are concepts defined?
Concepts are complex mental formulations of one’s perceptions of the world.
What does the ICN definition of nursing encompass?
Autonomous and collaborative care of individuals, families, groups, and communities.
What was the primary focus of pragmatism in nursing?
Providing immediate health care delivery, especially during wartime.
Why is it harmful to inject on the same site multiple times?
Injecting on the same site for five times could be harmful to the client.
What motivated the practice of nursing during the Intuitive Period?
The desire to help and relieve the pain of those who were suffering.
What term does modern nursing use to refer to recipients of nursing care?
Consumers or clients.
What methods are used in nursing inquiry?
Scientific methods.
How do nurses demonstrate mastery in their field?
By increasingly effective delivery of care.
What method does nursing research utilize to establish its knowledge?
The scientific method.
What are the key components of nursing according to the ANA?
Direct care and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
What do nurses with adequate knowledge and experience tend to have?
Correct judgment of nursing situations.
What is the purpose of research in nursing?
To help nurses critically think and make scientific decisions for accurate, safe, and quality patient care.
Give an example of a client seeking health care advice.
A woman who has just given birth seeking advice from a nurse about breastfeeding.
How did Virginia Henderson define nursing?
As assisting individuals, sick or well, in activities contributing to health, recovery, quality of life, or a peaceful death.
What role does advocacy play in nursing?
Advocacy is a key role that involves supporting and representing patients' interests.
What are the three types of systems in King's goal attainment theory?
Operational systems, interpersonal systems, and social systems.
What are nursing theories considered to be?
Mental powers or constructs created to help understand and find meaning from experience.
What realization did nurses come to during this era?
Practice must be joined with theory to see whether it holds in practice.
According to Nightingale, what is the significance of the living body in nursing?
It is described as the temple of God's spirit.
What process do nurses follow to address patient needs?
Formulate, implement, and evaluate nursing care plans based on assessed needs and problems.
What factors influence the effectiveness of nursing?
The equality of interactions between people in various settings and situations.
What is implied by the term 'patient' in the context of nursing?
Passive acceptance of the decisions and care of health professionals.
What is the first goal of nursing as an art?
To understand the patient, their condition, situation, or need.
What are the two essential ingredients for excellence in nursing?
The art and science of nursing.
What does the acronym T R E P R E P E P P stand for?
The acronym does not have a widely recognized meaning and may require context for interpretation.
What historical event led to the emergence of Romanticism?
The industrial revolution, which emphasized materialism.
Who does the ICN definition of nursing apply to?
Individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well.
How does the Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing (ADPCN) define nursing?
As a dynamic discipline that is an art and a science of caring for individuals, families, groups, and communities.
What does asceticism refer to in nursing theory?
A basic lifestyle devoid of luxuries, with devotion to the spiritual life.
What role do concepts play in mental imagery?
A concept assists us in formulating a mental image about an object or situation.
How many injections does the client require?
Five (5) injections.
Who assisted nurses in practical nursing during the pragmatism era?
Educated nurses and health care workers.
What was the primary focus of the Curriculum Era in nursing education?
Understanding the nature of the knowledge needed for nursing practice and emphasizing curricular content.
What are some other terms used to describe recipients of nursing care?
Patient and person.
What types of methods are utilized in nursing research?
Qualitative and quantitative methods, as well as computer-based data analysis.
What does the 'P' in the evolution of nursing stand for?
Practice.
What is the consequence of a nurse allowing a client's request for approval?
She will get the client’s approval.
What era began with a strong emphasis on development in nursing theory?
The Theory Era.
What is as important as the knowledge a nurse possesses?
The character of the nurse.
What does nursing seek to improve through its graduate programs?
Nursing research output.
How many concepts did King select from nursing literature as essential knowledge for nurses?
15 concepts.
What are the three aspects of nursing practice that contribute to safe and quality nursing?
Adequate theoretical knowledge, clinical experiences, and technical skills.
What must nursing achieve through its practice?
Nursing must achieve its purpose through a combination of theoretical knowledge and technical skills derived from clinical experience.
What kind of information might a nurse provide to a new mother?
Proper latching, care of the nipples, and how to breastfeed the baby.
What activities does Henderson's definition of nursing include?
Activities contributing to health, recovery, quality of life, or a peaceful death.
How do nurses contribute to creating a safe environment?
By promoting safety measures and practices in healthcare settings.
What is one of the primary goals of nursing as defined by the ANA?
To prevent illness and injury.
How do nursing theories contribute to knowledge?
They help organize and articulate our knowing and ask questions leading to new insights.
Who were the key figures that led the way to modern nursing?
Kaisserswerth and Nightingale.
What is the role of theory in nursing?
Theory explains the occurrence of nursing phenomena.
What is a key characteristic of a patient undergoing treatment?
They are waiting for or undergoing medical treatment and care.
In what type of environments is the art of nursing often practiced?
In unpredictable and spontaneous environments.
What is the first central concept of nursing according to nursing theorists?
Person or Patient - The recipient of nursing care, including individuals, families, groups, and communities.
What does Nightingale suggest about the status of nursing among the Fine Arts?
She suggests that nursing is one of the Fine Arts, possibly the finest of them all.
What is the lowest level of nursing practice?
Practice, which is intuitive or primitive.
How were nurses perceived during the Romanticism period?
They were held in high regard due to their dress or white uniform.
What do nurses teach patients and their families?
Self-care and health maintenance.
What distinguishes a professional person from a technician?
A technician knows everything about their job except its ultimate purpose, while a professional understands the ultimate purpose of their job and their place in the larger context.
What is the second goal of nursing as an art?
To enhance the patient’s capability.
Who stated that the character of the nurse is important?
Carolyn Jarvis.
In what settings does the ICN definition of nursing apply?
In all settings.
What must nurses maintain in their practice?
A delicate balance between art and science.
What are the main goals of nursing according to the ADPCN?
Promotion and restoration of health, prevention of illness, alleviation of suffering, and assisting clients to face death with dignity and peace.
In what year was Imogene King's goal attainment theory developed?
What is the focus of primary prevention?
Protecting the normal line of defense and strengthening the flexible line of defense.
What key principles does asceticism emphasize?
Service and simplicity.
How do concepts aid in communication?
Concepts help us to name things and occurrences in the world around us and assist us in communicating with each other.
What did nursing teachers follow in their instruction?
The curriculum set for nursing education.
What should the nurse consider when administering injections?
The nurse should consider the potential harm of repeated injections on the same site.
What aspects did pragmatism in nursing emphasize?
The patient's problems, disabilities, disease, and providing prompt diagnosis and interventions.
Who can be considered a consumer in the context of nursing?
An individual, a group of people, or a community that uses a service or commodity.
What question did the Curriculum Era address regarding nursing education?
What prospective nurses should study to learn how to be a nurse.
What has the use of scientific methods in nursing research generated?
The testing and expansion of nursing theories.
How can an approval-seeking nurse with low self-esteem affect the client?
She will do more harm to the client.
What does the 'E' in the evolution of nursing represent?
Education.
What is one way nursing disseminates its organized body of knowledge?
Through nursing journals.
What was the Theory Era a natural outgrowth of?
The research and graduate education eras.
What is essential for safe and quality nursing practice?
A synergy of theoretical knowledge, clinical experience, and technical skills.
Why is emphasis on technical skills important in nursing?
It is necessary for appropriate applications in various clinical situations.
In what ways do nurses participate in health policy?
By shaping health policies and participating in health systems management.
