What did the Eastern Enquiry Commission investigate?
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The slave trade in Mauritius.
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What did the Eastern Enquiry Commission investigate?
The slave trade in Mauritius.
What was a significant viewpoint held by many educated people in Europe by the end of the 18th century regarding slavery?
They criticized the inhuman practice of slavery.
Who became the voice of the abolition movement in British Parliament?
William Wilberforce.
Who was James Ramsay?
A ship’s surgeon, Anglican priest, and leading abolitionist.
What is meant by colonisation?
The process of establishing control over a foreign territory and its people.
Who wrote against the practice of slavery in 'The Spirit of the Laws'?
Montesquieu.
What measures did Sir Robert Farquhar take to control the slave trade?
He made treaties with the King of Madagascar and the Imam of Muscat, and organized naval patrols to prevent slave ships from landing.
What was a significant social practice among different groups in Mauritius despite legal restrictions?
Intermarriage between different groups of people.
What are some examples of freedoms that people fought for?
Freedom from slavery, the right to marry, and fair working conditions.
What was the reaction of slave owners to the 1829 report?
There was uproar among slave owners after the report was published.
Who became the leader of the Comité Colonial?
Adrien Antoine d’Epinay.
What challenges did free coloured people face in 19th century Britain?
They suffered many discriminations.
What year was the law abolishing the slave trade registered in Mauritius?
The law was registered in 1813.
What activities were associated with French settlement in Mauritius?
Goldsmithing, blacksmithing, and sugar-related activities.
What pressure did the Anti-Slavery Society exert on the British government?
They pressured the British government to free the slaves in Mauritius without any compensation.
What organization did Jacques Pierre Brissot found?
The Society of the Friends of the Blacks (Société des Amis des Noirs).
What was the purpose of the Society of the Friends of the Blacks?
To work for the abolition of slavery.
What restrictions did the 'Free Coloured' face in 19th century Mauritius?
They could not bury their dead in European cemeteries or attend schools reserved for Europeans.
When was slavery abolished in Mauritius?
Slavery was abolished in 1810 when the British captured Ile de France and renamed it Mauritius.
What did people in Mauritius have to fight for in the past?
They fought hard to obtain the freedoms we enjoy today.
How effective were the amelioration measures in improving the lives of slaves?
The measures were not effectively put into practice.
Why were the amelioration laws passed?
To address the poor conditions faced by slaves.
For how long were emancipated slaves forced to work on plantations after abolition?
Four years.
What action did Adrien Antoine d’Epinay take in London?
He fought for the rights of the planters and sought compensation from the British if slavery was abolished.
Were the French colonists in favor of the amelioration measures proposed for the slaves?
The text does not provide a clear answer.
What were some of the amelioration measures introduced in 1815?
Registration of all slaves, laws to make conditions more humane, and allowing slaves to own property and give evidence in court.
What were the motives for colonisation?
Economic gain, expansion of territory, and access to resources.
Did the amelioration laws bring any change in the conditions of the slaves?
The effectiveness of these laws in improving conditions is debated.
What was the name of the political committee formed by French planters in 1827?
Comité Colonial.
What aspects did the immigration laws cover?
Conditions on the voyage, hospitals on sugar estates, and number of female immigrants.
What was the main goal of the Anti-Slavery Society?
To work towards the abolition of slavery.
What role did Granville Sharp play in the abolition movement?
He was one of the first English campaigners for the abolition of the slave trade.
What does discrimination mean?
The unjust treatment of different categories of people.
What was Ordinance No.57 of 1829?
A law abolishing all legal and political distinctions between the white and free coloured classes.
How were the living and working conditions of slaves in Ile de France and Rodrigues?
Harsh and exploitative, with limited rights and freedoms.
What does the map of Rodrigues from 1803 show?
The locations of estates and the distribution of land.
What was the role of the Anti-Slavery Society in Britain during the 19th century?
They put pressure on the government to investigate the slave trade.
Who was Thomas Clarkson?
An English abolitionist and leading campaigner against the slave trade in the British Empire.
What did the members of the Anti-Slavery Society criticize?
The evil system of slave trade and slavery.
What significant act did the British Parliament pass in 1833?
The Act abolishing slavery in all British colonies.
What were the consequences of colonisation?
Disruption of local societies, exploitation of resources, and introduction of slavery.
How were the Free Coloured discriminated against?
They faced social and legal inequalities despite being free.
What health issue was prevalent in the 19th century Mauritius?
Malaria.
What significant action did Robespierre take regarding slavery in 1794?
He signed the bill that abolished slavery in France.
Why did Governor Decaen allow the slave trade to continue in Mauritius?
This question prompts students to think critically about historical contexts and motivations.
What did slaves do to resist their conditions?
They rebelled, ran away, and formed their own communities.
When was slavery abolished in Mauritius?
1st February 1835.
What was one of the harsh laws regarding indentured immigrants?
They had to carry a 'ticket' as a certificate of identity.
What significant action did Britain take regarding slavery in 1807?
Britain abolished the slave trade in 1807.
What complaints did French workers and settlers have?
They complained about the monopoly of the French East India Company and prices of bread.
What is a petition in the context of indentured labourers?
A formal written request to protest against their conditions.
What significant change occurred in 1829 regarding racial discrimination in Mauritius?
Racial discrimination against coloured people was abolished, allowing them to send their children to the Royal College in Port Louis.
What was the treatment of indentured laborers compared to slaves?
It was similar; they were also exploited by planters.
What did Reverend Jean Lebrun do to promote education?
He advocated for educational opportunities for the Free Coloured.
What impact did colonisation have on the people in the colony?
It profoundly affected their social, cultural, economic, and political life.
What type of discrimination did the 'Free Coloured' face?
They faced various forms of discrimination despite being legally free.
What were the 'amelioration laws'?
Laws aimed at improving the conditions of slaves.
What were emancipated slaves referred to as after abolition?
Apprentices.
What were the immigration laws intended to improve?
The living and working conditions of Indian indentured laborers.
What activity were students encouraged to do regarding a personality from the Anti-Slavery Society?
Research their contributions towards the abolition of slavery and create a poster.
What practices were made illegal under the amelioration measures?
Flogging of women and other inhumane practices.
What activities were associated with Dutch colonisation in Mauritius?
Hunting, fishing, and building forts.
Who were the 'Free Coloured'?
Individuals of mixed race in Mauritius who were free but faced discrimination.
How did the Free Coloured protest against discrimination?
Through various forms of activism and advocacy.
Who were the 'Free Coloured'?
A group that fought for their freedom and demanded equal rights.
What were the 'Gens de Couleur'?
People of mixed European, African, and Indian descent.
How much compensation was paid to slave owners in Mauritius after abolition?
2 million pounds.
What skills are developed through map reading and interpreting in this context?
Locating places and understanding geographical relationships.
What was the significance of John Jeremie’s appointment in 1832?
He was a well-known abolitionist, which led to a general strike organized by the planters in Port Louis.
How did the 'Free Coloured' express their grievances?
They sent many letters of protest to the British government.
What is meant by discrimination?
Unjust treatment based on characteristics such as race or color.
What happened to immigrants found without their 'ticket'?
They could be treated as vagrants and arrested or imprisoned.
What was one social restriction faced by the 'Free Coloured' in public spaces?
They could not sit together with Europeans at the Port Louis theatre.
What was the role of sugar-related activities during French settlement?
It was a major economic activity that relied on slave labor.
What caused malaria in Mauritius?
Mosquitoes.
Who was Reverend Jean Lebrun?
A figure who promoted education among the Free Coloured.
