What do the dark lines in the arterial wall represent?
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Elastin sheets in cross section.
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What do the dark lines in the arterial wall represent?
Elastin sheets in cross section.
What is mesenchyme?
A type of embryonic connective tissue.
What are the characteristics of mesenchymal cells?
They are loosely organized, have a high capacity for differentiation, and are multipotent.
Where is mesenchyme primarily found?
In the developing embryo.
What platform is mentioned for accessing course materials?
Canvas.
What germ layer is formed by the cells remaining in the middle layer?
Mesoderm.
What role does the extracellular matrix play in connective tissues?
It provides structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.
What do chondroblasts and chondrocytes refer to?
Specialized cells in cartilage tissue.
What is the origin of connective tissue?
Connective tissue originates from the mesoderm layer during embryonic development.
What are the login credentials for accessing the digital slides?
Login: student, Password: student
Which germ layer is primarily responsible for the development of connective tissues?
The mesoderm.
Where can students find additional information on histology?
Histology textbooks.
What type of connective tissue is characterized by a loose arrangement of fibers?
Loose irregular (areolar) connective tissue.
What type of collagen is found in the dermis?
Type III collagen.
What is the origin of connective tissues in the head?
Ectoderm via neural crest.
What type of connective tissue is found in the spleen?
Reticular connective tissue.
What does the term 'reticular' mean in the context of connective tissue?
Net-like.
What type of specialized connective tissue connects muscles to bones?
Tendon.
What are the three types of connective tissue organization?
Regular, irregular, and reticular.
What is the main function of dense regular connective tissue?
To provide strong attachment and withstand tensile stress in one direction.
What is the hard tissue found in teeth that provides strength?
Dentine.
What type of collagen is found in the reticular fibres of the dermis?
Type-III collagen.
What type of collagen is found in bone, tendon, and dermis?
Type I collagen.
What type of specialized connective tissue connects bones to other bones?
Ligament.
What is embryonic connective tissue called?
Mesenchyme.
What is the primary role of mesenchyme in the body?
To give rise to various types of connective tissues.
What is the significance of water in connective tissues?
It contributes to the gel-like quality and overall function of the tissue.
What layer do epiblast cells slot into to form the endoderm?
Hypoblast layer.
What does H&E stand for in histological staining?
Hematoxylin and Eosin.
What type of collagen is found in cartilage?
Type II collagen.
What determines the mix of collagen types in connective tissues?
The specific type of tissue.
What role do components play in connective tissues?
They give different properties, such as elasticity.
What role do proteoglycans play in connective tissue?
They provide gel quality, attract, and bind water.
Where can dense regular connective tissue be commonly found?
In tendons and ligaments.
What is the primary function of loose irregular (areolar) connective tissue?
To provide support and elasticity to surrounding tissues.
What type of connective tissue stores energy and provides insulation?
Adipose (white and brown).
What type of specialized connective tissue is responsible for providing structure and support to the body?
Bone.
What are the two types of adipose tissue?
White and brown adipose tissue.
What staining method is mentioned for examining elastic connective tissue?
H&E + iron trichloride.
What is the significance of embryology in understanding connective tissue?
Embryology helps in understanding the development and differentiation of connective tissues from the mesoderm.
What color do collagen fibers stain in the H&E stain?
Light pink.
What type of connective tissue is described as dense irregular?
Dense irregular connective tissue.
Which germ layer is formed by the epiblast cells remaining on top?
Ectoderm.
What are fibroblasts and fibrocytes?
Specialized cells in connective tissue.
What types of cells are commonly found in connective tissues?
Fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, and mast cells.
What staining technique is used to visualize elastic fibers in areolar connective tissue?
H&E (Hematoxylin and Eosin) and silver stain.
How does the water content vary in different connective tissues?
Cartilage has a high water content (tens of percent), while bone has a low water content (a few percent).
How does the structure of dense regular connective tissue relate to its function?
The parallel arrangement of collagen fibers allows it to resist stretching forces in one direction.
What are the main components of connective tissue?
Cells.
What is the main component of connective tissue?
Extracellular matrix.
Where is loose irregular (areolar) connective tissue typically found in the body?
In the subcutaneous layer beneath the skin and surrounding organs.
From which germ layer do all adult connective tissues derive?
Mesoderm.
What is the primary component of elastic connective tissue?
Elastin.
How can connective tissues be classified based on density?
Into dense and loose connective tissues.
What is the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?
A network that provides structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.
What is the primary tool used in the lab practical for examining connective tissue?
The microscope.
What is dense regular connective tissue primarily composed of?
Collagen fibers that are tightly packed and aligned in parallel.
What are connective tissues?
Tissues that support, bind together, and protect other tissues and organs in the body.
What is the primary function of connective tissues in the animal body?
To provide support and structure, as well as to connect different tissues and organs.
What types of cells are commonly found in loose irregular (areolar) connective tissue?
Fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells.
What specialized connective tissue is responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen throughout the body?
Blood.
Can connective tissues originate from any germ layer?
Yes, they can originate from any germ layer.
What staining method is used to visualize reticular connective tissue?
Silver stain.
What type of slides will be examined during the lab practical?
Histo slides of connective tissue.
What do epiblast cells migrate through during germ layer formation?
Blastocoel.
What type of specialized connective tissue is responsible for providing structure and support in the body?
Bone.
What are the main types of connective tissues?
Loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood.
Why are reticular fibres not well shown with Verhoeff Van Gieson stains?
Because they are not highlighted effectively by these stains.
What specialized connective tissue is responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen throughout the body?
Blood.
What type of connective tissue contains elastic fibers that appear 'spread'?
Areolar connective tissue.
What is the process of forming the three germ layers in a chick embryo called?
Formation of the trilaminar embryo.
What specialized connective tissue provides flexibility and support in joints?
Cartilage.
What type of cells are typically found in dense regular connective tissue?
Fibroblasts.
What is the role of osteoblasts and osteocytes?
They are specialized cells in bone tissue.
Which specialized connective tissue provides flexibility and support in joints?
Cartilage.
What specialized connective tissue forms the hard structure of teeth?
Dentine.
What characterizes connective tissues?
They have a plentiful and tough extracellular matrix compared to epithelia.
How is mesenchyme organized?
It is loosely organized embryonic connective tissue.
What do the dark lines represent in the stained areolar connective tissue?
Elastic fibers that have taken up silver.
What types of cells can mesenchyme differentiate into?
Fibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes.
What type of fibres are stained black with Verhoeff Van Gieson stain?
Elastic fibres.
What specialized connective tissues connect muscles to bones and bones to each other?
Tendon and ligament.
What is the extracellular matrix composition of loose irregular (areolar) connective tissue?
It contains a gel-like ground substance with collagen and elastin fibers.
What specialized functions can connective tissue cells have?
Functions such as contractility and motility.
