How long does the AIMS assessment typically take?
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About 20–30 minutes.
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How long does the AIMS assessment typically take?
About 20–30 minutes.
What is the purpose of the studies mentioned in the table?
To standardize the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) in populations other than the original.
What is the concurrent validity of the AIMS with the PDSM and BSID?
0.97 with PDSM and 0.98 with BSID.
How does motor development in infants with Down Syndrome (DS) compare to typical controls?
Infants with DS present significantly lower AIMS scores in every position but have the same sequence of motor skill acquisition.
What was the intra-class correlation (ICC) between experienced and novice examiners for infants younger than 10 months?
0.98.
What therapy was studied in relation to motor development in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome?
Growth hormone (GH) therapy combined with child-specific motor training.
What was the intrarater reliability range reported by Morales-Montforte et al. (Spain)?
0.94–1.00.
What is one of the main advantages of the AIMS tool?
It is very infant-friendly and does not take long to administer.
What scoring system is used in the AIMS?
A dichotomous choice: 'observed' (1 point) or 'not observed' (0 points).
What is the reliability score for the AIMS test-retest and inter-rater reliability?
0.99.
What cultural practice was suggested to affect AIMS scores in Turkish infants?
Swaddling of younger infants, which could limit early antigravitational movements and head control.
What is required for the AIMS assessment to be valid in different cultures?
Cultural adaptation and validation of the tool.
What did Wu et al. find regarding EPO treatment in infants with HIE?
EPO treatment resulted in significantly better movement behavior compared to the control group.
What was the concurrent validity of the AIMS in the study by Valentini and Saccani (Brazil)?
0.34 (sample of 40 infants).
What was the significant finding regarding GH treatment and motor development in infants with PWS?
Infants who received GH treatment at study onset reached the end of the AIMS earlier than those who had a control period.
What recommendations does the American Academy of Pediatrics make regarding motor development?
Surveillance of motor development should accompany systematic appointments with medical professionals in infancy and early childhood.
How did Thai infants' AIMS scores compare to Canadian norms?
Infants aged 7–<8 months, 11–<12 months, and 13–14 months had considerably higher scores relative to Canadian norms.
What key gross motor milestones does the AIMS consider?
Sitting without support, standing with assistance, hands-and-knees crawling, walking with assistance, standing alone, and walking alone.
What was the interrater reliability reported for the study in Belgium?
0.99 (sample of 18 infants).
What was the interrater reliability for the study conducted in Thailand?
0.99 (sample of 25 infants).
What are the four positions assessed by the AIMS?
Prone, supine, sitting, and standing.
What did Huggins et al. study in infants with late-onset Pompe disease?
They followed 20 infants to determine a clinical phenotype and found variable AIMS scores.
What are the recommended ages for standardized developmental screenings according to the American Academy of Pediatrics?
9, 18, and 30 months of age.
What types of characteristics does the AIMS consider?
Both quantitative (occurrences of motor skills) and qualitative (manner of motor performance) characteristics.
How many raters were involved in the interrater reliability study by Piper et al.?
2 raters.
What was the conclusion of Fuentefria et al. regarding the AIMS for preterm infants?
The AIMS is an appropriate tool for following up on motor development and identifying atypical development in preterm infants.
What language was the AIMS translated into for the study conducted in Brazil by Saccani et al.?
Portuguese.
What did Margues et al. find regarding AIMS scores in infants affected by congenital Zika syndrome?
AIMS scores demonstrated broadly slowed motor development, corresponding to much younger typical AIMS scores.
What elements are assessed for each item in the AIMS?
Weight-bearing, posture, and antigravity movements.
What are the prominent clinical manifestations of cerebral palsy (CP) in infants?
Hypertonia, spasticity, and hyperreflexia related to pyramidal tract involvement, along with extrapyramidal signs like dystonia and dyskinetic movements.
What were the findings of Rajantie et al. regarding motor development in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)?
Infants with HLHS had significantly lower AIMS scores than controls in prone and supine positions at 4 months, and lower scores in all AIMS positions at 12 months.
What are the primary purposes of the AIMS?
To identify infants with motor delay, provide information on motor achievements, evaluate motor performance over time, and assess the efficacy of rehabilitation programs.
What is the range of intrarater reliability reported by Jeng et al. (Taiwan)?
0.85–0.99 (sample of 45 infants).
In which countries has the AIMS been validated outside of Canada?
Taiwan and Japan.
What factors contribute to motor developmental delay in Prader-Willi syndrome?
Muscular hypotonia, weakness, abnormally high fat-to-muscle ratio, and cognitive retardation.
What was the mean age at which infants with PWS achieved the final items on the AIMS?
27.5 months for walking and 38.3 months for squatting.
What is the purpose of the AIMS assessment?
To evaluate spontaneous motor performance in infants.
Why is studying neurodevelopment in infants with congenital cardiac disorders important?
Typical development may be negatively impacted due to factors like abnormal fetal blood flow and medical interventions.
What are some advantages of the AIMS?
Its infant-friendliness, short examination duration, and relative ease of application for examiners.
What was the concurrent validity of the AIMS in the study by Piper et al.?
0.98 with BSID I, 0.97 with PDMS-1 (sample of 120 infants).
What does the dynamic systems theory emphasize in motor development?
The cooperation of subsystems, including neurobiological, biomechanical, psychological, familial, and environmental conditions.
What was the interrater reliability range in the study by Uesugi et al. (Japan)?
≥ 0.94.
What is one of the key findings from the studies referenced about AIMS?
New reference values for the Alberta Infant Motor Scale need to be established for accurate identification of infants at risk for motor developmental delay.
What was the outcome of the study by Cabrera-Martos et al. regarding manual therapy for plagiocephaly?
The experimental group received a significantly shorter treatment duration while achieving normal motor performance.
What is the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) used for?
It is a tool for the assessment of motor aspects of neurodevelopment in infancy and early childhood.
What types of studies were included in the literature review for the AIMS?
Original research with a full-text manuscript in English, with no geographical restrictions.
What main disturbances in motor development were observed in infants post-surgical cardiac interventions?
Disturbances included difficulties in forearm support, lifting head to 45 degrees in prone, and sitting with support propped on extended arms.
What theory underpins the creation of the AIMS?
The dynamic systems theory of motor development.
What clinical implications arise from the study of motor skills acquisition in infants with Down Syndrome?
Early therapeutic motor intervention should focus on positions and antigravity movements to facilitate motor skill acquisition.
What was the sample size of the study conducted by van Iersel et al. in the Netherlands?
1,697 pre-and full-term infants (aged 2–18 months).
What was the concurrent validity of the AIMS in the study by Wang et al. (China)?
0.75–0.97 (sample of 47 infants).
What was the funding source for the research paper?
Partially financed from a large research grant from statutory funding for young researchers-doctoral students for 2021 from Poznan University of Medical Sciences.
What is the intrarater reliability of the AIMS according to Piper et al. (Canada)?
0.99 (sample of 233 infants).
What was the interrater reliability for the study conducted in Greece?
No differences in all age samples between both populations.
What is the focus of the references listed in the document?
They primarily discuss the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and its various aspects such as validity, reliability, and cultural adaptation.
What does the AIMS help detect in early motor development?
Motor delays or disturbances, such as issues in postural and movement control, abnormal movement patterns, and muscle tone.
What type of studies are referenced in the document regarding the AIMS?
Studies on concurrent validity, reliability, and cultural adaptation of the AIMS in various populations.
What was the interrater reliability range reported by Lackovic et al. (Serbia)?
0.65–0.99.
What is the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) used for?
To evaluate motor development in infants.
Which country had a study involving 100 infants aged 0–12 months?
The Netherlands (Fleuren et al.).
How has the AIMS been utilized in research?
As an outcome measure in both interventional and observational studies on neurotypical infants and those with motor development conditions.
What was the delay in developing sitting skills for infants with Down Syndrome?
There was a delay of 1–4 months in developing sitting with support to sitting without arm support compared to typical controls.
What was the association found between AIMS scores and MRI findings in infants with severe encephalopathy?
There was a significant association between delays in motor development and the presence of severe encephalopathy with specific MRI findings.
What percentage of children affected by congenital Zika virus met the criteria for cerebral palsy?
About 80–100%.
What is the intrarater reliability range reported by Ko and Lim (Korea)?
0.73–1.00.
What are the cut-off scores for atypical development in the AIMS?
10th percentile at 4 months and 5th percentile at 8 months.
What is the age range for applying the AIMS?
From birth (40 weeks conception) through independent walking (18 months of age).
What is the significance of the publisher's note in the article?
All claims expressed in the article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations or the publisher.
What conditions were analyzed using the AIMS in infants with CNS disorders?
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).
What was the time frame for the literature review conducted on the AIMS?
From June 1992 to February 2022.
What was the finding regarding the comparison to Canadian norms in the study from Turkey?
No differences, except for the samples aged 0–1 and 2–3 months.
What condition was investigated in relation to the AIMS in infants?
Nonsynostotic (positional) plagiocephaly.
What were the main contributions of ME in the research?
Research concept and design, collection of data, data analysis and interpretation, writing the article, and final approval of the article.
What did the research on Flemish and Dutch populations reveal about AIMS scores?
It noted lower overall scores in these samples compared to Canadian norms.
What do the authors declare regarding conflicts of interest?
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
How many full-term infants were involved in the study from Brazil by Gontijo et al.?
660 full-term infants (aged 0–18 months).
What is the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) used for?
It is used for assessing motor development in infants.
How many items are included in the AIMS scoresheet?
58 items.
How many children with Prader-Willi syndrome were followed in the study?
22 newly diagnosed children.
In which regions has the AIMS been validated for use?
South America, Asia, and both South and West Europe.
