What is the bone that forms part of the nasal septum?
Click to see answer
Vomer (鋤骨).
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What is the bone that forms part of the nasal septum?
Vomer (鋤骨).
下關節突的功能是什麼？
提供脊椎骨之間的關節連接。
What are the two main portions of the skull?
Cranial portion and facial portion.
What are cervical vertebrae?
The vertebrae located in the neck region of the spine.
护理师需要具备哪些基本技能？
沟通能力、临床技能和应急处理能力。
What are the two main types of wings associated with the sphenoid bone?
Greater wings and lesser wings.
Do cervical vertebrae have intervertebral discs?
No, they do not have intervertebral discs.
What are the Inferior Nasal Conchae?
Paired bones that are thin and curved, located in the nasal cavity.
What is the largest and strongest bone in the face?
The mandible bone.
How many vertebrae make up the sacrum?
1 (a fusion of 5 vertebrae).
Which nerve is referred to as the maxillary nerve?
A branch of cranial nerve V.
What does the vertebral arch protect?
The spinal cord and spinal nerves.
What are the lumbar vertebrae labeled as?
L1 - L5.
When does the Xiphoid process fully ossify?
Around age 40.
What is the sternal angle and its significance?
The sternal angle is a fibrocartilage joint that lies at the level of the second ribs.
What is the mandibular foramen?
An opening in the mandible that allows a branch of cranial nerve V, the inferior alveolar nerve, to pass.
How many fused vertebrae make up the coccyx?
3 to 5 fused vertebrae.
誰是人體解剖學的主要講師？
楊世忠和馮琮涵。
How does the blog suggest incorporating yoga into daily life?
By practicing regularly and being mindful of breath and movement.
What are the two main articulation points of the ribs?
The rib head with vertebral bodies and the rib tubercle with transverse processes.
What does the frontal bone form?
The forehead and the roofs of the orbits.
What is the lacrimal sac?
It is a structure that aids in draining tears.
高考的全名是什么？
全国普通高等学校招生考试。
What are the anterior sacral foramina responsible for?
They transmit the dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves.
What are the names of the longitudinal ligaments in the spine?
Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments (前縱韌帶, 後縱韌帶).
What does the carotid canal transmit?
It transmits the internal carotid artery.
高考對於護理師的考試科目有哪些？
通常包括語文、數學、外語及專業科目。
What are the two facets found on the vertebral body of thoracic vertebrae?
Superior costal facet and inferior costal facet.
What are floating ribs?
Ribs 11 and 12 that do not articulate with any bony structure anteriorly.
內耳道位於哪個骨骼部分？
顳骨的岩部。
What do the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae articulate with?
The tubercles of the ribs (except T11 and T12).
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7 (C1 – C7).
How many palatine bones are there in the human body?
There are two palatine bones.
What percentage of the height of the vertebral column do intervertebral discs compose?
About 25%.
What are the three sections of the sternum?
Manubrium, Body, and Xiphoid process.
What does 'parietal' mean in relation to the parietal bones?
It means 'wall'.
What is the function of the vertebral column?
It supports the body and protects the spinal cord.
What are the temporal bones also known as in Chinese?
顳骨
What is the function of the mental foramen?
It allows blood vessels and nerves to pass to the chin and lower lip.
What are the cribriform plates?
They are structures of the ethmoid bones.
What is a key feature of the ethmoid bones?
Cribriform plates (水平篩板).
What is the common name for the coccyx?
Tailbone.
What are the unpaired cranial bones?
Frontal bone (1), Occipital bone (1), Sphenoid bone (1), and Ethmoid bone (1).
What are the superciliary arches?
The bony ridges located above the orbits.
What important structures do the skull openings provide access for?
Spinal cord, blood vessels serving the brain, and 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
What is the primary function of the cribriform plates?
They allow the passage of olfactory nerves.
What are the two categories of skull bones?
Cranial bones and facial bones.
Do cervical vertebrae have intervertebral discs?
No, they do not have intervertebral discs.
What is the primary function of the palatine bones?
To support the hard palate and contribute to the formation of the nasal cavity and orbits.
視神經管的主要功能是什麼？
視神經管傳遞視神經，將視覺信息從眼睛傳送到大腦。
What is the term for the bony ridge that contains the sockets for teeth?
Alveolar process (齒槽).
What is the characteristic of the spinous process in thoracic vertebrae?
It is long and points inferiorly.
What are the superior nasal conchae?
They are structures that form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
What is the greater wing?
A part of the orbit and lateral wall of the skull anterior.
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
What are some benefits of yoga mentioned in the blog?
Improved flexibility, strength, and mental clarity.
What is the thoracic cage?
The bony framework of the chest, consisting of ribs and sternum.
What structures make up the floor of the nasal cavity?
Palatine processes of the maxillae and horizontal plates of the palatine bones.
What are the paired cranial bones?
Parietal bones (2) and Temporal bones (2).
What part of the skull does the occipital bone make up?
The posterior part of the cranium and cranial base.
What does the thoracic cage support?
The shoulder girdles and upper limbs.
What are palatine bones?
They are bones that form part of the hard palate and contribute to the structure of the face.
Which bones does the occipital bone articulate with at the occipitomastoid sutures?
The temporal bones.
What unique shape does the sphenoid bone have?
It is often described as butterfly-shaped.
护理师的主要职责是什么？
提供病人护理和健康教育。
What bone is located posterior to the nasal bones?
Ethmoid bone.
What does the lateral sacral crest represent?
It represents the tips of the transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae.
What is the name of the ligament that is also known as 黃韌帶?
Ligamentum flavum.
Which thoracic vertebrae have only single facets for rib articulation?
T10 - T12.
What is the frontal sinus?
A cavity within the frontal bone.
What are the main structural components of the sphenoid bone?
A body and three pairs of processes.
高考的報名時間通常是什麼時候？
每年春季，具體時間會有所不同。
Which bones contain the nasal conchae?
The ethmoid bones.
What are the processes that connect the maxillary bones to the zygomatic bones?
Zygomatic processes (顴突).
What does the Manubrium articulate with?
The medial end of the clavicles and the first and second ribs.
圓孔的功能是什麼？
圓孔是血管和神經通過的通道。
What are the sphenoidal sinuses?
Air-filled spaces within the sphenoid bone.
What movements does the Atlas participate in?
Flexion and extension of the head on the neck, such as nodding 'yes.'
What is the Chinese term for the vomer bone?
鋤骨 (Chú gǔ) or 犁骨 (Lí gǔ).
什麼是骨刺？
骨刺是指骨頭邊緣的異常生長，通常與關節退化有關。
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
What is the function of the orbital process of the palatine bones?
It is a small part of the orbits.
What is the term for the zygomatic process of the temporal bone?
顴骨突
What does 'dorsal' refer to in anatomical terminology?
The back side of the body.
What type of bones are the nasal bones?
Paired and rectangular.
What is the function of the spinous process (棘突) in vertebrae?
It serves as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments.
討論區、作業和測驗的活動在總成績中占多少比例？
占總成績的15%。
With which bones does the occipital bone articulate at the lambdoid suture?
The parietal bones.
What are ethmoid bones?
They are a pair of bones located between the eyes that contribute to the structure of the nasal cavity and the orbits.
What are the anterior sacral foramina responsible for?
They transmit the dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves.
How do the nasal bones join together?
Medially.
作業和小考的加分參考占總成績的多少？
占15%。
What do the cribriform plates allow?
They allow the passage of filaments of the olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I).
What are the superior nuchal lines?
They are ridges on the occipital bone that serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments.
骨骼系統在人體中扮演什麼角色？
支持身體結構、保護器官、儲存礦物質和產生血細胞。
What structure does the occipital bone secure?
The ligamentum nuchae.
What is the function of cranial bones?
To enclose and protect the brain and provide attachment sites for head and neck muscles.
In which direction do the superior articular facets of thoracic vertebrae face?
Posteriorly.
What articulates with the facets on the thoracic vertebrae?
The heads of the ribs.
How are the spinous processes of cervical vertebrae C3 - C7 described?
They are short and bifid (except C7).
What is the characteristic of the spinous process in thoracic vertebrae?
It is long and points inferiorly.
Where is the hyoid bone located?
Just inferior to the mandible.
What is the inferior orbital fissure?
A gap located in the eye socket that allows for the passage of nerves and blood vessels.
What is the name of the YouTube channel mentioned?
HEALTH 2.0.
What bone forms the inferior part of the nasal septum?
Vomer bone.
What is the common name for the coccyx?
Tailbone.
Which bone is part of the lateral wall of the skull anterior?
The sphenoid bone.
What does the rib tubercle articulate with?
The transverse process of the thoracic vertebra.
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
What organs does the thoracic cage protect?
Heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, and other thoracic organs.
What is the primary function of the sphenoid bone?
It helps form the base of the skull and the orbits of the eyes.
誰是人體解剖學的主要講師？
楊世忠和馮琮涵。
What is the purpose of the VR 教案使用滿意度調查表?
To gather feedback on the satisfaction of using the VR lesson plan.
骨骼系統的主要功能是什麼？
提供身體的支撐和保護內部器官。
What percentage of extra credit can be earned through the survey?
15%.
What is the shape of the vertebral foramen in thoracic vertebrae?
Circular.
Which cranial nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?
Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI, which control eye movements.
What is the Hyoid Bone also known as?
舌骨 (Zhuó gǔ).
Where are the ethmoid bones located?
Between the eyes.
What is the Axis (軸椎)?
The second cervical vertebra that has a body and spinous process.
What is the primary function of the skull?
To protect the brain and support the structures of the face.
What is unique about the Atlas (寰椎) compared to other vertebrae?
It lacks a body and a spinous process.
What is the purpose of the vertebral foramen (椎孔)?
It allows passage for the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots.
What is the external occipital protuberance?
It is a bony prominence on the occipital bone, located at the back of the skull.
顱後窩的功能是什麼？
通過顱神經IX至XI。
What is the sacral canal?
It is the continuation of the vertebral canal within the sacrum.
What anatomical feature of the axis allows for the rotation of the atlas and skull?
The Dens, which is the 'missing' body of the atlas that fuses with the axis.
成为护理师需要哪些基本条件？
通常需要完成护理专业的学习并通过相关考试。
Which vertebra does the superior articular processes of the sacrum articulate with?
L5.
Which bone forms the forehead?
The frontal bone.
What is the name of the vertical bone plate in the nasal septum?
Perpendicular plate (垂直板).
What do the perpendicular plates of the palatine bones contribute to?
The lateral walls of the nasal cavity.
How many pairs of ribs do humans have?
12 pairs.
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
What is the function of the lacrimal bones?
They help to drain tears into the nasal cavity.
骨刺的形成原因是什麼？
骨刺的形成通常是由於關節磨損或退化引起的。
What is the axial skeleton composed of?
Skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.
What are paranasal sinuses?
Air-filled spaces surrounding the nasal cavity that help reduce skull weight and enhance voice resonance.
What view of the skull shows the petrous part of the temporal bone?
Inferior view.
Which thoracic vertebrae have only single facets for rib articulation?
T10 - T12.
What is the orbit?
The bony cavity that contains the eye.
What are intervertebral discs?
Cushionlike pads between vertebrae.
What does the vertebral arch protect?
The spinal cord and spinal nerves.
What articulates with the superior and inferior costal facets?
The heads of the ribs.
What is the main body of the sphenoid bone called?
Sphenoid body.
What is the anterior cranial fossa?
A depression in the skull that houses the frontal lobes of the brain.
What is the significance of the stylomastoid foramen?
It allows passage for a branch of cranial nerve VII.
What is a key characteristic of the body of cervical vertebrae C3 - C7?
The body is wider laterally.
What is the Dens (齒狀突)?
A projection that extends superiorly from the body of the axis, acting as a pivot for rotation.
What is the significance of the foramen ovale?
It allows passage for cranial nerve V3 (mandibular nerve).
What is the Dens (齒狀突)?
A projection from the Axis that acts as a pivot for rotation.
What movement does the Atlas participate in?
Flexion and extension of the head on the neck, such as nodding 'yes.'
What unique feature does the Hyoid Bone have?
It is not directly attached to any other bone.
Where is the external occipital protuberance located?
At the posterior aspect of the skull, on the occipital bone.
What movement does the Axis facilitate?
Rotation of the atlas and skull, allowing head movement from side to side.
What are the functions of facial bones?
To form the framework of the face, cavities for sense organs, openings for air and food passage, hold teeth, and anchor facial muscles.
What is the primary focus of Judy Yoga's blog post?
The blog post discusses various aspects of yoga practice and its benefits.
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12 (T1 - T12).
How many large bones form the cranial bones?
Eight large bones.
What is the name of the bone referred to as 蝶骨 in Chinese?
Sphenoid Bone.
How many named openings does the skull contain?
Approximately 85 named openings.
Where do all ribs articulate posteriorly?
With thoracic vertebrae.
What connects the brain with the spinal cord?
The foramen magnum (枕骨大孔).
What is the function of the optic canal in the sphenoid bone?
It allows passage for cranial nerve II (optic nerve).
What components make up the vertebral arch (椎弓)?
Pedicles and laminae.
哪些活動可以算作加分參考？
作業和小考。
What shape does the sphenoid bone resemble?
A butterfly or bat.
What is the function of the internal jugular vein?
It drains blood from the brain and neck.
How many cranial bones are there?
8 bones.
What is the primary function of intervertebral discs?
To act as shock absorbers.
護理師需要具備哪些基本技能？
溝通能力、臨床技能和應急處理能力。
What are the zygomatic bones commonly called?
Cheekbones.
How many bones make up the adult human skull?
22 bones.
What is the significance of the foramen lacerum?
It is almost completely closed by cartilage in a living person.
Name the sutures of the cranial bones.
Coronal, sagittal, squamous, and lambdoid sutures.
What is the major structure of a rib that connects to the vertebrae?
Head (骨頭) with superior and inferior articular facets.
How many important openings does the sphenoid bone contain?
Five.
What is the role of nasal conchae in the nasal cavity?
To increase turbulence of air flow.
What do the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae articulate with?
The tubercles of the ribs (except T11 and T12).
卵圓孔的主要特徵是什麼？
卵圓孔是顱骨中的一個開口，允許神經和血管進入或離開腦部。
What is a key characteristic of the body of cervical vertebrae C3 - C7?
The body is wider laterally.
What is another name for the vertebral column?
Spinal column or spine.
What is the Xiphoid process made of in youth?
A plate of hyaline cartilage.
How many bones form the vertebral column in adults?
26 bones.
How do the pedicles and laminae of lumbar vertebrae compare to those of other vertebrae?
They are shorter and thicker.
楊世忠和馮琮涵在人體解剖學領域的貢獻是什麼？
他們是該領域的專家，提供了重要的學術資源。
椎間孔的作用是什麼？
脊髓神經從脊髓通過。
What are the four largest sutures associated with the parietal bones?
Sagittal suture, coronal suture, squamous suture, and lambdoid suture.
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
What bones make up the thoracic cage?
Sternum and ribs.
誰是人體解剖學的主要講師？
楊世忠和馮琮涵。
誰是人體解剖學的主要講師？
楊世忠和馮琮涵。
What are the two facets found on the vertebral body of thoracic vertebrae?
Superior costal facet and inferior costal facet.
What holds the spine in place?
Ligaments.
What cranial nerves are associated with the internal acoustic meatus?
Cranial nerves VII (facial nerves) and VIII (vestibulocochlear nerves).
What is one function of the thoracic cage regarding muscles?
Provides attachment points for many muscles of the back, neck, chest, and shoulders.
What do the nasal bones form?
The bridge of the nose.
What bone lies anterior to the sphenoid bone?
Ethmoid bone.
What is the function of the occipital condyles?
They articulate with the first vertebra of the vertebral column, enabling the head to nod 'yes.'
What is the median sacral crest?
It is formed by fused spinous processes of the sacral vertebrae.
骨骼系統由哪些主要部分組成？
由骨頭、關節和軟骨組成。
What is the hyoid bone?
A U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue and is not directly attached to other bones.
What do the zygomatic bones commonly form?
The cheek and part of the orbit.
What types of assessments are included in the 15% extra credit?
Assignments and quizzes.
高考的全称是什么？
全国普通高等学校招生考试。
高考的科目通常包括哪些？
语文、数学、外语及其他科目。
What does the lateral sacral crest represent?
It represents the tips of the transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae.
Which processes of the maxillary bones articulate with the frontal bone?
Frontal processes (額突).
What is the sacrum composed of?
Five fused vertebrae.
What does the tympanic part of the temporal bone form?
It forms the external acoustic meatus (外聽道) and part of the ear canal.
What are the superior and middle nasal concha?
Structures that contribute to the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.
高考的评分标准是什么？
根据各科目的考试成绩进行综合评定。
What is the ethmoidal labyrinth?
It contains ethmoidal air cells, also known as ethmoid sinuses.
What is the jugular notch and where is it located?
The jugular notch (suprasternal notch) lies in the same horizontal plane as the disc between the second and third thoracic vertebrae (T2, T3).
What do the horizontal plates of the palatine bones form?
The posterior part of the hard palate.
What does the rib head articulate with?
The vertebral bodies.
What does 'ventral' refer to in anatomical terminology?
The front or belly side of the body.
誰是人體解剖學的主要講師？
楊世忠和馮琮涵。
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和功能。
What is the shape of the vertebral foramen in thoracic vertebrae?
Circular.
What is the petrous part of the temporal bone?
A bony wedge located in the inferior view of the skull.
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12 (T1 - T12).
How many bones are in the skull?
22 bones.
What is the function of the jugular foramen?
It allows passage for the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X, and XI.
What are true ribs?
Ribs 1 to 7 that articulate anteriorly with the sternum via costal cartilage.
What is the function of the Crista galli?
It serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, a dura membrane fold.
What is the significance of the frontal bone in relation to the orbits?
It forms the roofs of the orbits.
What are the three major parts of the temporal bone?
Squamous (鱗狀部), Tympanic (鼓室部), and Petrous (岩部).
What is the median sacral crest?
It is formed by fused spinous processes of the sacral vertebrae.
What is one feature of the occipital bone?
External occipital protuberance.
What are the extensions of the maxillary bones that form part of the hard palate?
Palatine processes (腭突).
Which cranial nerves pass through the jugular foramen?
Cranial nerves IX, X, and XI.
What is the function of the squamous part of the temporal bone?
It forms the lateral wall of the skull and contributes to the structure of the cranium.
What does the ethmoid bone form?
Most of the medial bony region between the nasal cavity and orbits.
What is the perpendicular plate?
A part of the ethmoid bone that contributes to the nasal septum.
What is the function of the spinous process (棘突) in vertebrae?
It serves as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments.
What is unique about the Atlas (寰椎) compared to other vertebrae?
It lacks a body and a spinous process.
What are the two main parts of the skull?
The cranium and the facial bones.
Which bones are involved in the medial bony region between the nasal cavity and orbits?
Ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone, and nasal bones.
What does the Dens represent?
The 'missing' body of the atlas that fuses with the axis.
What does the Atlas support?
The skull.
What are the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone?
Smaller, upper extensions of the sphenoid bone.
What organization is associated with the YouTube channel HEALTH 2.0?
全民健康基金會 (National Health Foundation).
楊世忠和馮琮涵在人體解剖學領域的貢獻是什麼？
他們是該領域的專家，提供了重要的學術資源。
What type of cartilage is found in the nasal septum?
Septal cartilage (中隔軟骨).
What shape is the vertebral body of thoracic vertebrae?
Roughly heart-shaped.
What is the primary function of the coccyx?
Offers only slight support to pelvic organs.
Do males and females have the same number of ribs?
Yes, both have the same number.
What is the nasal cavity?
A space within the skull that houses the nasal passages.
Which bones contain the cribriform plates?
The ethmoid bones.
What are the types of openings found in the skull?
Foramina, canals, and fissures.
What are the maxillary bones also known as?
上頜骨 (Maxillary Bones).
What shape is the vertebral body of thoracic vertebrae?
Roughly heart-shaped.
What are false ribs?
Ribs 8 to 12 that do not articulate directly with the sternum via costal cartilages.
What are cranial fossae?
Depressions in the skull that house the brain.
What is a unique feature of cervical vertebrae?
They have unique structural and functional features compared to other vertebrae.
What is the hypoglossal canal?
It is the passage for cranial nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve.
What nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?
Cranial nerve V2 (maxillary nerve).
What is the primary function of the Hyoid Bone?
It supports the tongue and is involved in swallowing.
What structure is located in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone?
Pituitary gland (hypophyseal fossa).
What forms the lateral walls of the nasal cavity?
Nasal bones, superior and middle nasal concha, and inferior nasal conchae.
护理论文的主要内容包括哪些方面？
护理理论、临床实践、护理管理等。
What are the superior and inferior nuchal lines associated with?
The occipital bone.
What are the greater wings of the sphenoid bone?
Large lateral extensions of the sphenoid bone.
What is the number of lumbar vertebrae?
5 (L1 – L5).
What bones contain the internal acoustic meatus?
Temporal bones (顳骨).
What movement does the axis participate in?
Rotating the head from side to side, such as shaking the head to indicate 'no'.
What movement is allowed by the orientation of the thoracic vertebrae's articular facets?
Rotation, while preventing flexion and extension.
What is the sacral promontory?
The first sacral vertebra that bulges anteriorly into the pelvic cavity.
What is the role of the frontal processes?
They are part of the maxillary bone that contributes to the structure of the nasal cavity.
囟門通常在什麼時候閉合？
囟門通常在嬰兒出生後的幾個月到兩歲之間閉合。
What is the total number of vertebrae in the vertebral column?
26 vertebrae.
What is the function of the pterygoid muscles?
They help close the jaw during chewing.
What do the superior articular processes (上關節突 / 面) join with?
The inferior articular processes.
What is the long, straight part of the rib called?
Shaft (肋骨幹).
What is the xiphisternal joint?
The xiphisternal joint is where the sternal body and xiphoid process fuse, located at the level of the ninth thoracic vertebra (T9).
What forms the roof of the nasal cavity?
Ethmoid's cribriform plates.
骨刺通常與什麼情況有關？
通常與關節退化有關。
What are the ethmoid bones also known as?
篩骨 (Shāi gǔ).
楊世忠和馮琮涵在人體解剖學方面的貢獻是什麼？
他們是該領域的專家，提供了重要的學術資源。
楊世忠和馮琮涵在人體解剖學方面的貢獻是什麼？
他們是該領域的專家，提供了重要的學術資源。
What are cervical vertebrae?
The vertebrae located in the neck region of the spine.
上眶裂的功能是什麼？
上眶裂是眼眶內部結構的一部分，允許神經和血管通過。
Where is the sphenoid bone located?
In the middle of the skull, between the frontal and temporal bones.
護理師的主要職責是什麼？
提供病人護理和健康教育。
How many fused vertebrae make up the coccyx?
3 to 5 fused vertebrae.
高考的主要目的是什么？
选拔优秀学生进入高等院校。
顱中窩的功能是什麼？
通過顱神經VII和VIII。
What shape does the petrous part of the temporal bone resemble?
A bony wedge.
What is the primary function of the coccyx?
Offers only slight support to pelvic organs.
What is the weight-bearing region of a vertebra called?
Vertebral body (椎體).
What is the primary function of the sphenoid bone?
It spans the width of the cranial floor.
What structures do the ethmoid bones help form?
The nasal cavity and the orbits.
What is the sacral canal?
It is the continuation of the vertebral canal within the sacrum.
What is the hypophyseal fossa?
Another term for the sella turcica, where the pituitary gland sits.
How many thoracic vertebrae are present in the vertebral column?
12 (T1 – T12).
What is the mandible bone commonly known as?
The lower jawbone.
What are the two main components of intervertebral discs?
Nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosis.
What does the foramen spinosum transmit?
The middle meningeal artery.
What components make up the vertebral arch (椎弓)?
Pedicles and laminae.
How many facial bones are there?
14 bones.
What are the unique features of cervical vertebrae?
They have distinct structural and functional characteristics that differentiate them from other vertebrae.
高考对护理专业的影响是什么？
高考成绩是进入护理专业的重要依据。
Which cranial fossa does the sphenoid bone contribute to?
Middle cranial fossa and anterior cranial fossa.
What is the infraorbital nerve?
A branch of the maxillary nerve (cranial nerve V) that supplies sensation to the face.
Which bone is associated with the ethmoid paranasal sinus?
Ethmoid bone (篩骨).
What is the anatomical position?
A standard position of the body used as a reference in anatomy, where the body is standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.
What is the significance of the condylar process?
It articulates with the temporal bone to form the jaw joint.
Where are the palatine bones located?
At the back of the oral cavity, forming part of the roof of the mouth.
What is the sella turcica?
A depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland.
What is the Axis (軸椎)?
The second cervical vertebra that has a body and spinous process.
What is the function of the middle nasal conchae?
They increase turbulence of air flow in the nasal cavity.
What is the significance of the occipital bone (枕骨)?
It contains openings such as the foramen magnum and hypoglossal canal.
Where is the Hyoid Bone located?
In the neck, between the chin and the thyroid cartilage.
What do the superior articular processes (上關節突 / 面) join with?
The inferior articular processes.
How many processes do the zygomatic bones have?
Three processes.
什麼是囟門？
囟門是嬰兒頭骨中的柔軟區域，通常在出生時存在。
What is the function of the superior nuchal lines?
They provide attachment for muscles such as the trapezius and ligaments.
What is the function of the transverse processes (橫突)?
They serve as attachment sites for muscles and ligaments.
What is the significance of the petrous part of the temporal bone?
It houses the inner ear structures and is involved in hearing and balance.
囟門的主要功能是什麼？
囟門允許嬰兒的頭部在分娩過程中變形，並促進大腦的生長。
What is the English term for 蝶骨大翼?
Greater wings.
Which bone is associated with the frontal paranasal sinus?
Frontal bone (額骨).
What are the two types of arches associated with the Atlas?
後弓 (posterior arch) and 前弓 (anterior arch).
In which direction do the inferior articular facets of cervical vertebrae face?
They face inferoanteriorly.
What are the upper and lower joint surfaces of the Atlas called?
上關節面 (upper joint surface) and 下關節面 (lower joint surface).
人體解剖學的主要研究對象是什麼？
人體的結構和組織。
Which bone houses the inner ear structures?
The temporal bone.
What is the sphenoid bone in Chinese?
蝶骨
What is the significance of the pterygoid processes?
They are part of the sphenoid bone structure.
What does the vertebral column provide attachment points for?
The ribs and muscles of the neck and back.
How many nasal bones are present in the facial structure?
2 nasal bones.
What is the term for '近端'?
Proximal.
What does 'proximal' refer to?
A position that is closer to the point of attachment or origin.
What does 'superior' mean in anatomical terms?
Refers to a position that is above or higher than another part of the body.
What does 'lateral' indicate?
Refers to a position that is farther from the midline of the body.
What causes the sacral hiatus?
It occurs when the fifth (and sometimes the fourth) sacral vertebrae fail to fuse medially.
顳骨的岩部有什麼重要結構？
內耳道。
In which direction do the inferior articular facets of thoracic vertebrae face?
Anteriorly.
What is unique about the hyoid bone in terms of articulation?
It is the only bone that does not articulate with another bone.
What does the Atlas support?
The skull.
What function does the hyoid bone serve?
Acts as a movable base for the tongue.
What do the four transverse ridges on the sacrum indicate?
The lines of fusion of the sacral vertebrae.
What is the function of the sella turcica?
It houses the hypophyseal fossa (pituitary gland).
How are the spinous processes of cervical vertebrae C3 - C7 described?
They are short and bifid (except C7).
What are the lumbar vertebrae designated as?
L1 - L5.
What is the anatomical position?
A standard position of the body used as a reference in anatomy, where the body is standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.
Which bone is associated with the sphenoid paranasal sinus?
Sphenoid bone (蝶骨).
What are the names of the most inferior two bones of the vertebral column?
Sacrum and coccyx.
Describe the spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae.
They are short, flat, hatchet-shaped, and project straight posteriorly.
誰是人體解剖學的授課教師之一？
楊世忠。
What are the paired facial bones?
Zygomatic, Lacrimal, Nasal, Inferior nasal conchae, Palatine bones, Maxillae.
What is the meaning of 'proximal'?
Refers to a structure being closer to the point of attachment or origin.
What does 'distal' mean in anatomical terms?
Refers to a position farther from the point of attachment or origin.
What is the lacrimal fossa in Chinese?
淚窩
What is the sacral hiatus?
It occurs when the fifth (and sometimes the fourth) sacral vertebrae fail to fuse medially.
What is the function of the inferior nasal conchae?
To help filter and humidify the air entering the nasal cavity.
What are paranasal sinuses?
Extensions of the nasal cavity.
What is the Body of the sternum formed from?
Four separate bones.
What is the Axis (軸椎) in relation to the Atlas?
It is the second cervical vertebra that allows rotation of the head.
What is the role of the occipital bone?
It forms the back and base of the skull and contains the foramen magnum.
What is the function of the mandibular condyle (下頜骨髁突)?
It articulates with the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
What are the pterygoid processes?
Processes that extend downward from the sphenoid bone.
What is the perpendicular plate?
A structure of the ethmoid bone that forms part of the nasal septum.
What is the coronoid process?
A projection on the mandible where muscles attach.
What are the upper and lower joint surfaces of the Atlas called?
上關節面 (superior articular surface) and 下關節面 (inferior articular surface).
What is the anatomical position?
A standard position of the body used as a reference point in anatomy, where the body is standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.
How many facial bones are there in total?
14 facial bones.
What does 'inferior' mean in anatomical terminology?
A position that is below or lower than another part of the body.
What is the Ala of the sacrum?
An anterolateral 'winged' projection of the most superior portion of the sacrum.
What is the number of lacrimal bones?
2 lacrimal bones.
What does 'distal' mean in anatomical terms?
Refers to a structure being farther away from the point of attachment or origin.
學生應注意哪些課程公告？
上I'M@TMU網站上的課程公告。
What is the meaning of 'proximal'?
Refers to a position that is closer to the point of attachment or origin.
期中考和期末考各占總成績的百分比是多少？
各占40%。
What are the names of the processes of the zygomatic bones?
Frontal process, Maxillary process, Temporal process.
What are the superior and middle nasal conchae?
They are bony structures that help to filter and humidify air in the nasal cavity.
What are the pterygoid processes?
Processes of the sphenoid bone that serve as attachment sites for the pterygoid muscles.
With which ribs does the Body of the sternum articulate?
The costal cartilages of the second to seventh ribs.
In which direction do the superior articular facets of cervical vertebrae face?
They face superoposteriorly.
What is the infraorbital foramen?
An opening in the maxillary bone that allows the infraorbital nerve and vessels to pass.
囟門的類型有哪些？
主要有前囟和後囟兩種。
What are the maxillary bones?
The bones that form the upper jaw and hold the upper teeth.
What is the attachment point for neck muscles related to the hyoid bone?
Styloid processes of the temporal bones.
What is the mandibular notch?
The space between the coronoid and condylar processes.
What does 'inferior' indicate in anatomy?
Refers to a position below or lower than another part of the body.
另一位授課教師是誰？
馮琮涵。
In which direction do the inferior articular facets of cervical vertebrae face?
They face inferoanteriorly.
What is the meaning of 'lateral'?
Refers to a position further away from the midline of the body.
Why are lumbar vertebrae robust?
For the attachment of large back muscles.
作業與小考在總成績中占多少百分比？
15%。
What does 'inferior' indicate in anatomy?
Refers to a position that is below or lower than another part of the body.
What does '後' refer to in anatomical terms?
Posterior.
What is the term for '淺（外）'?
Superficial (external).
解剖學的辦公室位於哪裡？
醫學綜合大樓（後棟）8樓解剖學科。
What shape are the vertebral foramina of cervical vertebrae C3 - C7?
They are large and triangular.
What is the part of the rib called that is located just below the head?
Neck (骨頸).
What are the two main parts of the mandible?
One horizontal body and two upright rami.
What is the composition of the coccyx?
1 (a fusion of 4 vertebrae).
What is the name of the rib structure that articulates with the transverse process of the vertebra?
Tubercle (結節).
How does the Axis contribute to head movement?
It allows for shaking the head to indicate 'no'.
Which bones are known as the cheekbones?
The zygomatic bones.
What shape do the four curvatures of the vertebral column create?
An S shape.
What shape are the vertebral foramina of cervical vertebrae C3 - C7?
They are large and triangular.
What is the function of the transverse process (橫突) in vertebrae?
It serves as attachment sites for muscles and ligaments.
What does 'superior' mean in anatomical terms?
Refers to a structure being higher or above another structure.
What do the transverse processes of cervical vertebrae contain?
Transverse foramina, through which the vertebral blood vessels pass.
What shape does the body of lumbar vertebrae appear to have?
Kidney-shaped.
What is the Chinese term for the hypophyseal fossa?
垂體窩.
What is the term for '上' in anatomical terminology?
Superior (cranial).
In which direction do the superior articular facets of lumbar vertebrae face?
Posteromedially.
What does 'posterior' refer to?
Refers to the back of the body.
What is the palatine bone in Chinese?
腭骨
What does 'lateral' indicate?
Refers to a structure being farther away from the midline of the body.
What does '遠端' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Distal.
What does '對側' mean in anatomical terms?
Contralateral.
What is the term for '前' in anatomical terminology?
Anterior.
What does '深（內）' refer to in anatomical terms?
Deep (internal).
What is the role of the mastoid process (乳突) in the temporal bone?
It serves as an attachment point for muscles and contains air cells that communicate with the middle ear.
What do the transverse processes of cervical vertebrae contain?
Transverse foramina, through which the vertebral blood vessels pass.
What is the structure of the Inferior Nasal Conchae?
They are thin and curved bones.
In which direction do the inferior articular facets of thoracic vertebrae face?
Anteriorly.
What ligaments are associated with the hyoid bone?
Stylohyoid ligaments.
What movement does the structure of thoracic vertebrae allow?
Rotation, while preventing flexion and extension.
Which vertebrae receive the most stress in the lumbar region?
Lumbar vertebrae (L1 - L5).
What does 'superior' mean in anatomical terms?
Refers to a position above or higher than another part of the body.
What is the sacral promontory?
The first sacral vertebra that bulges anteriorly into the pelvic cavity.
What is the shape of the vertebral foramen in lumbar vertebrae?
Triangular.
How many zygomatic bones are there?
2 zygomatic bones.
What does 'medial' mean?
Refers to a structure being closer to the midline of the body.
What is the lacrimal bone in Chinese?
淚骨
How many inferior nasal conchae are there?
2 inferior nasal conchae.
What does 'posterior' refer to?
Refers to the back side of the body.
Where are the Inferior Nasal Conchae located?
In the nasal cavity, forming part of the lateral walls.
棘孔的功能是什麼？
棘孔是脊椎的結構，提供神經和血管的通道。
What is the Chinese term for the sphenoid body?
蝶鞍.
What is the significance of the mandible?
It is the only movable bone of the skull.
Which bone is associated with the maxillary paranasal sinus?
Maxillary bone (上頜骨).
What does 'para' mean in the context of paranasal sinuses?
Near.
What is one of the primary functions of the vertebral column?
Transmits weight of trunk to the lower limbs.
Name one of the bones that form the orbit.
Zygomatic bone (顴骨).
What is the shape of the vertebral foramen in lumbar vertebrae?
Triangular.
In which direction do the superior articular facets of lumbar vertebrae face?
Posteromedially.
What is the inferior orbital fissure in Chinese?
眶下裂
學生請假時應如何通知？
須告知上請假系統或是email。
What is the number of palatine bones?
2 palatine bones.
What is the meaning of '腹'?
Ventral.
What does 'distal' mean in anatomical terms?
Refers to a position that is farther from the point of attachment or origin.
In which direction do the superior articular facets of thoracic vertebrae face?
Posteriorly.
Which vertebrae receive the most stress in the lumbar region?
Lumbar vertebrae (L1 - L5).
What is the term for the bend in the rib?
Angle (骨角).
What is the Ala of the sacrum?
An anterolateral 'winged' projection of the most superior portion of the sacrum.
Which vertebra does the superior articular processes of the sacrum articulate with?
L5.
前囟和後囟的區別是什麼？
前囟位於頭頂中央，後囟位於頭後部。
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra that the Atlas articulates with?
Axis (軸椎).
What is meant by 'anterior'?
Refers to the front of the body or a structure.
What is meant by 'anterior'?
Refers to the front of the body.
What is the maxillary bone in Chinese?
上頜骨
What does 'medial' mean in anatomical terms?
Refers to a position closer to the midline of the body.
What is the meaning of 'lateral'?
Refers to a position farther from the midline of the body.
What does 'distal' mean?
A position that is further away from the point of attachment or origin.
脊髓神經如何與周圍組織連接？
通過椎間孔。
What is the function of the alveolar process in the mandible?
It supports the teeth.
What is the weight-bearing region of a vertebra called?
The vertebral body (椎體).
What are the two types of arches associated with the Atlas?
後弓 (posterior arch) and 前弓 (anterior arch).
What is the sacrum composed of?
Five fused vertebrae.
What shape does the body of lumbar vertebrae appear to be?
Kidney-shaped.
What is a meatus?
A groove-shaped air passageway in the nasal cavity.
What is the frontal bone in Chinese?
額骨
What are the three types of meatuses in the nasal cavity?
Superior, middle, and inferior meatuses.
In which direction do the superior articular facets of cervical vertebrae face?
They face superoposteriorly.
What does the vertebral column surround and protect?
The spinal cord.
In which direction do the inferior articular facets of lumbar vertebrae face?
Anterolaterally.
How many vomer bones are there?
1 vomer bone.
What is the meaning of '同側'?
Ipsilateral.
How many maxillae are present in the facial structure?
2 maxillae.
椎間孔的作用是什麼？
脊髓神經從脊髓通過椎間孔進入周圍組織。
What are the processes associated with the sphenoid bone?
Greater wings, lesser wings, and pterygoid processes.
What does 'superior' refer to in anatomical terms?
A position that is above or higher than another part of the body.
Why are the sacrum and coccyx counted as one bone each?
They are a fusion of several vertebrae.
What do the four transverse ridges on the sacrum indicate?
The lines of fusion of the sacral vertebrae.
What is the English term for 蝶骨小翼?
Lesser wings.
What does '下' refer to in anatomical terms?
Inferior (caudal).
What is the meaning of '內側' in anatomical terminology?
Medial.
What does 'medial' mean?
Refers to a position closer to the midline of the body.
What is the ethmoid bone in Chinese?
篩骨
What is the anatomical position?
A standard position of the body used as a reference in anatomy, where the body is standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.
What is meant by 'anterior'?
Refers to the front side of the body.
下關節突的功能是什麼？
提供脊椎關節的連接和穩定性。
What structure on the rib serves as a groove for blood vessels and nerves?
Costal groove (肋溝).
What does 'inferior' indicate in anatomy?
Refers to a structure being lower or below another structure.
How do the pedicles and laminae of lumbar vertebrae compare to those of other vertebrae?
They are shorter and thicker.
What is meant by 'anterior'?
Refers to the front of the body.
What does 'posterior' refer to?
Refers to the back of the body or a structure.
In which direction do the inferior articular facets of lumbar vertebrae face?
Anterolaterally.
What does 'proximal' indicate?
Refers to a position closer to the point of attachment or origin.
What is the number of mandible bones in the facial structure?
1 mandible bone.
What does 'medial' mean?
Refers to a position that is closer to the midline of the body.
What is contained within the vertebral foramen (椎孔)?
The spinal cord and spinal nerve roots.
How many bones form the walls of each orbit?
Seven bones.
Describe the spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae.
They are short, flat, hatchet-shaped, and project straight posteriorly.
What does 'posterior' indicate?
Refers to the back of the body.
What does '外側' mean in anatomical terms?
Lateral.
What are the unpaired facial bones?
Vomer and Mandible.
What is the superior orbital fissure in Chinese?
眶上裂
What is the optic canal in Chinese?
視神經管
What does '背' mean in anatomical terminology?
Dorsal.
誰是解剖學的主授老師？
楊添鈞老師。
出席率在總成績中占多少百分比？
5%。
解剖學的參考用書有哪些？
