p.5
Common Hand Conditions and Symptoms
What diseases require droplet precautions?
Pertussis, influenza, and diphtheria.
p.4
Deep Vein Thrombosis Prevention Post-Surgery
What is the best indicator that a patient is at minimal risk of acquiring a deep vein thrombosis after surgery?
Ability to ambulate on a frequent schedule.
p.7
Respiratory Assessment Findings
What does the S3 heart sound indicate?
Rapid filling of the ventricle early in diastole.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What should a physical therapist do when a patient with a head injury begins to perseverate?
Guide the patient into an interesting new activity and reward successful completion of the task.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What action is most likely to facilitate elbow extension in a patient with hemiplegia post-CVA?
Turn the head to the affected side.
p.1
Common Hand Conditions and Symptoms
What is De Quervain’s disease?
Inflammation of the sheath surrounding the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons.
p.7
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What action does the tibialis anterior perform at the ankle joint?
Dorsiflexion and assists with inversion of the foot.
p.7
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is the significance of active movement for palpating the tibialis anterior tendon?
Active movement makes the tendon more prominent for palpation.
p.7
Common Hand Conditions and Symptoms
What does a grade of 'normal' in sitting balance indicate?
The person can sit unsupported and accept maximal challenge without loss of balance.
p.7
Diagnostic Tools for Knee Injuries
What does a simple random sample ensure in research?
That every member of the population has an equal opportunity of being chosen.
p.2
Piriformis Syndrome and Muscle Testing
What is the role of the piriformis muscle in relation to the sciatic nerve?
The piriformis muscle can irritate the sciatic nerve, causing pain in the buttock and referred pain along the sciatic nerve.
p.7
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is the role of the tibialis posterior in ankle movement?
It inverts the foot and assists with plantar flexion.
p.1
Common Hand Conditions and Symptoms
What is the primary symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome?
Sensory changes and paresthesias along the median nerve distribution.
p.6
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
Which nerve innervates the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
The radial nerve (C6, C7, C8).
p.2
Piriformis Syndrome and Muscle Testing
What motions are expected to be weak and painful in a patient with piriformis syndrome?
Abduction and lateral rotation of the thigh.
p.4
Diagnostic Tools for Knee Injuries
What is a significant source of error in a test-retest design for measuring reliability?
Change in subject situation over time.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is perseveration?
The continued repetition of a word, phrase, or movement.
p.6
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
Which nerve innervates the pronator teres?
The median nerve (C6 - C7).
p.6
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is the desired response when a patient reaches for an object beyond arm's length?
Right trunk elongation, right weight shift, left hip hiking.
p.3
Respiratory Assessment Findings
What is the clinical presentation of pulmonary edema?
Accumulation of fluid in the alveolar spaces, often associated with decreased breath sounds and increased fremitus.
p.2
Diagnostic Tools for Knee Injuries
What is a common application of X-ray in physical therapy?
To assist with the diagnosis of musculoskeletal pathology such as fractures, dislocations, and bone loss.
p.4
Diagnostic Tools for Knee Injuries
What does the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) assess?
The repeatability of scores from one test administration to another.
p.6
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is the primary function of the pronator teres?
To pronate the forearm and assist in flexion of the elbow joint.
p.6
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What actions does the latissimus dorsi perform when the origin is fixed?
Medially rotates, adducts, and extends the shoulder joint.
p.2
Diagnostic Tools for Knee Injuries
What is the primary use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
To produce images of bone and soft tissue, valuable for diagnosing spinal lesions and brain studies.
p.4
Deep Vein Thrombosis Prevention Post-Surgery
What should a therapist do if they observe clear drainage from a distal pin site during an exercise session?
Use a gauze pad to absorb the drainage and continue with the exercise session.
p.6
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is the role of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
To extend the wrist and assist in wrist abduction.
p.3
Respiratory Assessment Findings
What does decreased breath sounds and decreased fremitus indicate?
Most likely pleural effusion.
p.4
Deep Vein Thrombosis Prevention Post-Surgery
Why is ambulation preferred over ankle pumps and muscle setting exercises for preventing deep vein thrombosis?
Ambulation generates significant muscle pumping action compared to isolated exercises.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What should a male physical therapist do if a female patient is uneasy about changing into a gown?
Bring a female staff member into the treatment room and continue with treatment.
p.1
Common Hand Conditions and Symptoms
What is Dupuytren’s contracture?
A contracture of the palmar fascia resulting in a flexion deformity of the involved joints.
p.3
Respiratory Assessment Findings
What is pleural effusion?
An accumulation of fluid between the layers of the membrane that lines the lungs and the chest cavity.
p.4
Deep Vein Thrombosis Prevention Post-Surgery
What serious medical condition can result from deep vein thrombosis?
An embolus, which may obstruct a selected artery.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is indicative of a grade of poor in balance assessment?
A person unable to maintain balance in sitting without external support or assistance.
p.1
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What muscles are included in the hip adductors?
Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, and gracilis.
p.1
Diagnostic Tools for Knee Injuries
What does a grade II anterior cruciate ligament injury typically present with?
Moderate pain and swelling, minimal instability, and decreased range of motion.
p.6
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
How can a physical therapist facilitate palpation of the tibialis posterior tendon?
By asking the patient to invert and plantar flex the foot.
p.3
Post-Thoracic Surgery Cough Techniques
What is the significance of the hooklying position in cough production?
It does not promote maximal inhalation needed for an effective cough.
p.5
Common Hand Conditions and Symptoms
What is the most effective strategy to control observer influence on children's performance?
Have an observer spend time with the children before direct observation.
p.5
Common Hand Conditions and Symptoms
Which body position places the most pressure on the lumbar spine?
Sitting in a chair slouching forward.
p.2
Upper Extremity Deep Tendon Reflexes
Where is the most appropriate location to elicit the brachioradialis reflex?
Styloid process of the radius.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What reflex is involved when turning the head to the affected side to facilitate elbow extension?
Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR).
p.3
Reciprocating Gait Orthosis in Pediatrics
What is the purpose of a reciprocating gait orthosis?
To assist the child in advancing the lower extremities during ambulation.
p.2
Glenohumeral Abduction Measurement
What happens if the scapula is not stabilized during glenohumeral abduction measurement?
The obtained range of motion value will be greater than the actual amount of glenohumeral abduction available.
p.4
Deep Vein Thrombosis Prevention Post-Surgery
What is the purpose of using pneumatic compression devices and elastic stockings after surgery?
To help prevent coagulation and the formation of a thrombus.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What is the best intervention for a patient exhibiting perseveration?
Redirect the patient away from the current activity.
p.8
Manual Muscle Testing Techniques
What happens when the head is turned to the unaffected side in a patient post-CVA?
The unaffected upper extremity will extend and the affected upper extremity will flex.
p.3
Upper Extremity Deep Tendon Reflexes
How is the biceps reflex tested?
By tapping over the biceps tendon in the antecubital fossa.
