Lifespan Development Psychology

A research method that compares individuals of different ages at one point in time.

Evolutionary, psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive-developmental, and bioecological systems theories.

It can be a good source of hypotheses.

Conception to birth.

Whether research participants will behave naturally.

It can reveal which trends are developmental in nature and which differ from cohort to cohort.

Institutional review boards.

It is very complex and expensive.

Directionality problem.

Humans are cognitive beings whose active processing of information plays a critical role in their learning, behavior, and development.

Standards of conduct to protect research participants from physical or psychological harm.

Effects that can be identified through sequential design regarding how timing influences developmental outcomes.

Biological, psychological, and social factors.

It examines whether humans actively shape their environments or are passively influenced by external forces.

A recent addition to the life span characterized by identity exploration.

They involve achieving greater control over conditions and creating special stimuli or tasks to elicit specific behaviors.

The strengths and weaknesses of case study, experimental, and correlational methods.

Systematic changes and continuities in the individual that occur between conception and death.

Changes arise from ongoing transactions in which a changing organism and a changing environment affect one another.

Motives and emotional conflicts.

Increase in blood flow to an area of the brain when that area is active.

Correlation coefficient.

Different roles, responsibilities, statuses, and privileges.

Development should be viewed as a lifelong process.

Cross-sectional, longitudinal, and sequential designs.

Challenges in conducting culturally sensitive research.

Development and aging are interconnected processes that influence each other.

Scholars observe the growth and development of their own children.

To anticipate future developmental changes based on current trends.

The study began with an interest in understanding the changes and continuities in human behavior across the lifespan.

Physical, cognitive, and social-emotional development throughout life.

To keep the information collected confidential.

It varies by perspective, but options include Evolutionary theory, Psychoanalytic theory, Systems theory, and Social cognitive theory.

That development is shaped by its cultural context.

Biological/Physical development, Cognitive development, and Psychosocial development.

It can lead to biased interpretations and conclusions.

Increased stress.

The variable expected to be affected by the manipulation of the independent variable.

Theories of human development address issues such as nature vs. nurture, continuity vs. discontinuity, and the role of context in development.

They can complement correlational and experimental research.

Some behaviors occur too infrequently and unexpectedly to be observed.

If participants give explicit permission or if the law requires disclosure.

A. Evolutionary theory, B. Psychoanalytic theory, C. Systems theory, D. Social cognitive theory.

To their research participants.

A socially defined age group in a society.

An in-depth examination of an individual or a small number of individuals.

Cross-sectional studies compare different age groups at one point in time, while longitudinal studies assess the same group repeatedly over time.

In the study of infants.

It complicates the generalization of findings across different populations.

6 to about 10 years old.

Standing in society based on occupational prestige, education, and income.

A well-defined group.

The development and dynamics of the personality.

An investigator manipulates some aspect of the environment to see how it affects the behavior of the sample studied.

Conducting research that is culturally sensitive.

They influence how development varies across different historical, cultural, and subcultural contexts.

Verbal reports and behavioral observations.

Both children and adults.

Rite to birth, rite to adulthood, and rite to eldership.

It must be voluntary.

The true purpose of the study.

Society’s way of telling people how to act their age.

Because the context and multiple factors can influence behavior.

It refers to enhancing development and well-being throughout the lifespan.

People’s classification or affiliation with a group based on common heritage or traditions.

It emphasizes that development occurs at all stages of life, not just in childhood.

It questions whether development is primarily influenced by genetics and biology or by experience and social influences.

Description, Prediction, Explanation, Optimization.

By their earliest experiences in the family.

It involves detailing the characteristics and changes that occur throughout the lifespan.

Identity exploration.

A causal relationship between one variable and another.

From +1.00 to −1.00.

A method that combines results of multiple studies addressing the same question to produce overall conclusions.

Voting privileges.

Every 20 years.

Storm and stress.

They influence people's decisions about how to lead their lives.

Concepts and propositions intended to describe and explain certain phenomena.

Some behaviors occur too infrequently and unexpectedly to be observed, and observer presence can influence behavior.

Whether the observed behavior will generalize to real-world situations.

They tend to reach milestones of adulthood earlier.

It can lead to lower academic achievement, poorer mental health and wellbeing.

Whether two or more variables are related in a systematic way.

Physical changes that occur from conception to maturity.

Cultural contexts shape individual experiences and developmental outcomes.

A research method that involves repeated observations of the same variables over a long period.

It emphasizes that development is a lifelong process with various stages and influences.

Interviews, written questionnaires or surveys, ability and achievement tests, and personality scales.

They lead unstable lives.

They examine how individuals grow and change throughout their entire life.

They can tell us about the influence of the sociocultural environment on development.

Balancing cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches to capture changes over time.

At least the 'assent' or agreement of the individual.

Microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem.

Development includes both positive changes and challenges or setbacks.

Random assignment of participants to different experimental conditions.

It refers to changing the independent variable to observe its effects.

A method where all members of a larger population are identified and a portion is randomly selected for study.

Noise, crowding, family disruption, hunger, and exposure to violence.

The variable that is manipulated to assess its causal effects.

Observing people in their everyday surroundings.

The possibility that an unmeasured variable influences both variables being studied.

The strength of the relationship between two variables of interest.

Children are placed into grades.

To identify patterns and influences on growth and behavior across different stages of life.

A framework for understanding human development through the interaction of various environmental systems.

To describe, explain, predict, and influence development.

Observing people in their everyday surroundings.

Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory.

A belief in limitless possibilities.

Pressuring anyone to participate.

A person’s sense of when things should be done according to age norms.

Plasticity refers to the capacity for change in response to experiences.

A group of individuals studied.

It looks to the evolution of the human species for explanations of why humans are as they are and develop as they do.

All factors other than the independent variable are controlled or held constant.

To understand how individuals grow and change throughout their lifespan.

No.

Deterioration of organisms that leads to death.

Because it measures physiological changes in the brain.

Ensuring the well-being and consent of participants, especially vulnerable populations.

Age effects and cohort effects are confounded.

G. Stanley Hall.

They significantly influence individual development and behavior.

A rich picture of atypical development.

It helps in addressing developmental challenges and promoting healthy development.

In 1980.

To not harm research participants either physically or psychologically.

Specific predictions generated from theories.

In 2020.

Find another method.

Development is influenced by the social, cultural, and historical circumstances of the time.

Yes, they have the right to drop out during the study.

Information about age changes rather than age differences.

Whether they remain consistent over time.

It combines cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches in a single study.

As a process that helps an organism adapt to its environment.

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic societies.

Culture influences the recognized periods of the life span.

Longitudinal studies, cross-sectional studies, and experimental designs.

It requires long-term commitment and can be affected by participant attrition.

A ritual that marks a person’s transition from one status to another.

They were difficult to compare and not generalizable to other children.

It means that development occurs throughout an individual's entire life.

It is not always clear exactly what is being assessed.

Development involves growth and decline in various areas at different times.

It increases confidence in the results by synthesizing data from various studies.

A systematic approach involving hypothesis formulation, data collection, and analysis to understand developmental processes.

A set of ideas to describe and explain a certain phenomenon.

The immediate environment where an individual interacts, such as family and school.

It is self-focused.

Participants' right to refuse to participate.

It represents the interconnections between different microsystems.

Extra protection from harm to children.

Development is affected by a variety of factors, including biological, social, and environmental influences.

The overarching cultural and societal influences on development.

It examines how historical and social contexts influence individual development.

2 to 5 years old.

25 to 40 years old.

40 to 65 years old.

It investigates whether human development occurs gradually or through distinct stages with different competencies.

Physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes, both positive and negative, in the mature organism.

To inform participants about the study afterward if they were not fully informed or deceived.

From age 30 to age 70.

They cannot be used with certain populations.

They feel in between.

They learn nothing about how people change with age.

Results may not generalize to other individuals.

The impact of social relationships across different stages of life.

It is falsifiable and supported by data.

It highlights that development is a lifelong process influenced by various factors.

It dictates when they feel ahead of or behind schedule based on age norms.

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

The broader social systems that indirectly influence an individual, such as parents' workplaces.

Development draws from various fields such as psychology, sociology, and biology.

The dimension of time, including life transitions and historical events that affect development.

First 2 years of life, with the first month being the neonatal period.

65 years and older.

The environment interacts with individual characteristics to influence development.

It looks at whether development is similar across individuals and cultures or varies significantly based on social context.

As a lifelong process influenced by various factors.

It involves understanding the reasons behind developmental changes.

The belief that investigators should allow facts to determine the merits of their thinking.

To ensure that participants do not leave feeling upset.

It can sometimes make people behave differently.

Because they assess different age groups at one point in time rather than over a long period.

Researchers must consider factors such as sample size, representativeness, and sampling method (random, stratified, etc.).

To assess one cohort of individuals repeatedly over time.

Surveys, interviews, observations, and experiments.

To compare three different age groups at a single point in time.

They can refuse to have their data used by the investigator.

The role of social interaction and culture in cognitive development.

They interact with environmental influences to shape development.

Approximately 10 to 18 years old.

18 to 25 or even 29 years old.

It is the study of how individuals grow and change from birth to old age.