Physics

They show how distance or displacement changes over time.

They illustrate how velocity changes over time.

They represent how acceleration varies over time.

A changing electric field and a changing magnetic field.

A branch of science dealing with the interaction of matter and energy.

James Clerk Maxwell.

As classical (mechanics, thermodynamics, etc.) and modern (quantum and relativity theory) physics.

Opposite to the direction of the cart's movement.

A circuit where current passes through only one route from the source through several loads and back to the source.

They can be shorter, longer, or just as long.

A measure of how much a force acting on an object causes that object to rotate.

Length, mass, time, electric current, temperature, amount of substance, luminosity.

Graphs III and IV.

Greater than 490 N.

The current is the same in every part of the circuit.

Quantities defined in terms of two or more basic quantities, such as velocity, acceleration, force, and work.

N·m (Newton-meter), not Joule.

Between b and c.

All travel at the same speed.

2/3 (mg).

Virtual, upright, and reduced.

Energy of an object due to its movement; KE = 1/2 mv².

A quantity that has magnitude and unit only, such as distance, speed, time, and energy.

A circuit where general loads are connected to the same voltage source and current is divided among these loads.

𝝉 = 𝑭 × 𝑟 (Torque equals force times moment arm).

Between c and d.

Low frequency and long wavelength.

1/6 of the original.

It describes the gravitational force that attracts bodies toward each other.

A quantity that has magnitude, unit, and direction, such as displacement, velocity, force, and acceleration.

Virtual, upright, and reduced.

Energy stored in an object due to its position or arrangement.

The momentum of the body will not change.

The current is divided among the loads.

Between d and e.

High frequency and short wavelength.

The tendency of a moving object to continue moving and the difficulty encountered in reducing that motion.

To increase the lever arm and thus the torque.

300 N.

F_g = G (m₁ m₂) / r², where G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg².

An arrangement of materials that permits electrons to flow, composed of a source of electrical energy, load, and connecting wires.

A scalar quantity that refers to how much ground an object has covered during its motion.

Voltage, current, and resistance.

Real, inverted, and enlarged.

Energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature.

PE = mgh, where m = mass, g = 9.81 m/s², and h = height.

In any type of collision, the total momentum is always conserved.

It describes the attraction or repulsion between electric charges or magnetic poles.

105 m.

Mechanical and electromagnetic waves.

p = mv, where m is mass and v is velocity.

Light bends toward or away from the normal as it changes speed.

A vector quantity that refers to how far out of place an object is; it is the object's overall change in position.

The heavier person must sit farther from the fulcrum compared to the lighter person.

Ampere.

The presence of all frequencies of visible light.

Thermodynamics.

Real, inverted, and enlarged.

An upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object.

m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

The rate at which mass enters a system is equal to the rate at which mass leaves the system plus the accumulation of mass within the system.

The metal cools at a temperature less than 100°C, the water evolves heat to the metal, and the water’s temperature will decrease.

PE = 1/2 kx², where k = elastic constant and x = displacement.

F_e = k (q₁ q₂) / r², where k = 8.99 × 10⁹ N m²/C².

kg·m/s.

Using the Pythagorean Theorem: d = √(dx² + dy²).

n = c/v, where n is the index of refraction, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, and v is the speed of light in the medium.

g = -9.81 m/s².

2.67 m from the fulcrum.

Electric current, where I is electric current, q is the number of charges, and t is time.

Perpendicular to the direction of wave motion.

A force exerted on an object by any surface it is in contact with, always perpendicular to that surface.

The heat (Q) transferred, where m is mass, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Farsightedness; inability to see nearby objects clearly.

The absence of the visible light spectrum.

The weight of fluid displaced by the object.

Weight is the gravitational force that the Earth exerts on a body, calculated as F_w = Mass × g.

Volume of fluid per time elapsed.

The new final speed would be one-half.

A scalar quantity that measures the distance traveled over elapsed time.

L = Iω, where I is the moment of inertia and ω is angular velocity.

400 cal.

It is always greater than or equal to 1.

Parallel to the direction of the wave.

KE₁ + PE₁ = KE₂ + PE₂.

h = 1/2 g t².

6.3 x 10^18 electrons.

It reduces the Normal Force.

The heat (Q) transferred during a phase change, where m is mass and L is latent heat.

Another color will be produced.

With a converging lens that refracts incoming rays toward the principal axis.

The object will float.

Velocity decreases.

It is halved.

Copper will have a higher temperature.

The product of mass and the square of the distance from the center of rotation.

The relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction.

A vector quantity that measures the displacement over elapsed time.

It describes the forces opposing the relative motion of an object as it passes through the air.

Distance between two corresponding points on a wave train.

t = √(2h/g).

It loses kinetic energy and acquires potential energy as it rises.

The potential difference between points when work is done to move charge between points.

A force exerted on an object parallel to the surface, opposing sliding.

Heat required to change from solid to liquid (or from liquid to solid).

The property of matter that enables it to return to its original size and shape when the applied external force is removed.

Red, Blue, and Green.

Nearsightedness; inability to see far objects clearly.

P_g = ρgh, where ρ is the density of the fluid, g is gravitational acceleration, and h is fluid height.

0.24 seconds.

The rate of change in velocity with respect to time.

Air resistance causes objects with smaller mass to reach terminal velocity more easily than heavier objects.

D1^2 * V1 = D2^2 * V2.

J = FΔt, where F is force and Δt is the time interval.

When waves arrive in phase, reinforcing each other to form a supercrest or supertrough.

In hertz, corresponding to the number of vibrations per second.

Velocity decreases as the object goes up due to negative acceleration.

Current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance, expressed as V = IR.

F_S = F_N * μ_S

54°C.

Stress = Force / Area.

Heat required to change from liquid to gas (or from gas to liquid).

At the highest point of its flight.

By adding the three primary colors of light with the same intensity.

The sum of atmospheric pressure and gauge pressure.

Perpendicular force acting on a unit surface.

With a diverging lens that refracts incoming rays toward the principal axis.

When waves arrive out of phase, resulting in cancellation of the wave.

4.2 m/s.

A1 * V1 = A2 * V2.

N·s.

Time it takes for the wave source to make one complete vibration; reciprocal of frequency.

The path taken by an object in projectile motion is parabolic.

It relates pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), amount of substance (n), and the ideal gas constant (R).

Length of material, wire diameter, kind of material, temperature, and resistivity.

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection (Ɵi = Ɵr).

Total mechanical energy is conserved and is constant at all points.

Strain measures deformation, usually the object's change in length (∆L).

F_k = F_N * μ_k

The principle that the total heat in a closed system remains constant.

Density = Weight in air / (Weight in air - Weight in water) x Density of water.

P = F/A

Object distance, image distance, and focal length.

The image is reversed and the same size as the object.

4.0 m/s.

0.5 mm/s.

Impulse is equal to the change in momentum: J = Δp.

The highest or lowest displacement from the wave's equilibrium position.

The acceleration in the x-coordinate is zero (ax = 0 m/s²).

The volume of the gas increases.

R = ρL/A, where R is resistance, ρ is resistivity, L is length, and A is cross-sectional area.

F_r = F_N * μ_r

Strain is directly proportional to the cause of deformation (stress).

The final temperature of the system will be less than 95 °C.

Number of images = (360/θ) - 1, where θ is the angle between the mirrors.

Pascal (Pa)

1,000 kg/m³.

1/dₒ + 1/dᵢ = 1/f.

The type of curved mirror (concave or convex) and the object's position.

100 m/s.

Speed is directly proportional to frequency and wavelength (s = fλ).

The sum of the impulses of all forces acting on an object for a certain time is equal to the change in momentum of the object during that time.

The acceleration in the y-coordinate is due to gravity (ay = g = -9.81 m/s²).

The volume will decrease two times.

The rate at which an appliance uses up electrical energy, measured in watts, expressed as P = VI.

A push or pull; it is a vector quantity measured in Newtons.

A measure of the resistance of a material to elastic (recoverable) deformation under load.

5 images.

μ = tan(θ)

An increase in pressure.

Copper loses heat while silver and water absorb heat.

The solid will float.

Occurs when the speed of the wave is greater than the speed of the source.

The object momentarily stops (v = 0 m/s).

0.25 cm.

E = hf, where h is Planck's constant (6.63 x 10^-34 J-s) and f is frequency.

A stiff material has a high Young's modulus and changes its shape only slightly under elastic loads.

The light that reflects off or transmits through the object.

The pulling force exerted by a stretched rope or cord on an object to which it is attached.

An external pressure exerted on a static, enclosed fluid is transmitted uniformly throughout the fluid.

Bodies at rest will remain at rest, and bodies in motion will continue moving at constant speed in a straight line unless acted upon by a net force.

The boiling temperature inside the pot is higher than 373 K.

The temperatures will eventually be equal.

Buoyant Force = Weight in air - Weight in water.

Longitudinal and mechanical.

The initial velocity is 0 m/s.

p = hf/c = h/λ, where p is momentum, λ is wavelength, and c is the speed of light.

Determining the ultimate color appearance of an object by identifying which colors of light are subtracted.

F = ma, where F is the net force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.

A flexible material has a low Young's modulus and changes its shape considerably.

F₁/A₁ = F₂/A₂

Transverse and electromagnetic.

The spontaneous emission of radiation from the nuclei of certain substances.

Y = Stress / Strain = (F/A) / (∆L/L₀).

For every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction.

Measure of energy transfer done when a force causes displacement.

Intensity is related to loudness, which is determined by amplitude.

Alpha (helium nuclei), beta (electrons), and gamma (high-energy protons).

It remains at rest or moves in uniform motion in a straight line at constant speed.

80 kg mountain climber exerts a force due to gravity.