Meglitinides are similar to ___ in their function.
Click to see answer
Sulfonylureas
Click to see question
Meglitinides are similar to ___ in their function.
Sulfonylureas
An example of a meglitinide is ___ (Prandin).
Repaglinide
Type I Diabetes is often diagnosed in ___, while Type II Diabetes is more common in ___ adults.
children, older
Adverse effects of sulfonylureas include ___, which can occur due to higher doses, missing meals, or strenuous exercise.
hypoglycemia
Severe hypoglycemia can lead to ___, convulsions, and death.
loss of consciousness
In Type 2 DM, GLP-1 levels may be ___, while GIP levels are typically ___.
less, normal
___ (Amaryl) is a commonly used sulfonylurea.
glimepiride
___ (DiaBeta, Micronase) is a common sulfonylurea medication.
glyburide
___ (Orinase) is a common agent in the sulfonylureas category.
tolbutamide
___ are a type of insulin sensitizer that works by activating PPAR-gamma.
Thiazolidinediones
Meglitinides increase ___ secretion from pancreatic beta cells.
insulin
In Type II Diabetes, the body becomes resistant to ___ or doesn't produce enough of it.
insulin
Sulfonylureas increase glucose entry into ___ and other peripheral tissues.
muscle
Sulfonylureas are typically used in the ___ stages of the disease.
early
Symptoms of hypoglycemia from sulfonylureas may include ___, fatigue, and tachycardia.
headache
One common sulfonylurea is ___ (Dymelor).
acetohexamide
Symptoms of hypoglycemia from meglitinides may include ___, fatigue, and tachycardia.
headache
DPP4 inhibitors work by inhibiting ___, an enzyme that breaks down incretins.
dipeptidyl peptidase 4
One of the benefits of incretin-based therapies is that they can reduce ___ and promote weight loss.
appetite
DPP4 inhibitors are administered in ___ form.
oral
___ inhibit the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates in the intestine.
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Sulfonylureas increase ___ secretion from pancreatic beta cells.
insulin
Incretin-based therapies involve hormones such as ___ and ___.
GLP-1, GIP
The overall effect of sulfonylureas is to lower ___ sugar.
blood
Meglitinides can be used in combination with other ___.
agents
Incretins regulate the secretion and effects of ___.
insulin
___ (Diabinese) is another common sulfonylurea.
chlorpropamide
Severe hypoglycemia can result in ___, convulsions, and death.
loss of consciousness
Other adverse effects may include headache, bronchitis, and ___ pain.
joint and back
___ are a class of medications that also stimulate insulin secretion but have a shorter duration of action compared to sulfonylureas.
Meglitinides
Type I Diabetes is primarily caused by the ___ of insulin-producing beta cells.
destruction
Sulfonylureas have an indirect and direct effect of decreasing hepatic ___ production.
glucose
Incretins decrease glucagon release from pancreatic ___ cells.
alpha
One effect of GLP-1 is to reduce ___ and help promote weight loss.
appetite
Sulfonylureas require reasonable ___ cell function.
beta
Liraglutide is marketed under the name ___ and is a type of GLP-1.
Victoza
Other adverse effects of sulfonylureas may include headache, dizziness, skin rashes, and ___ abnormalities.
hematologic
___ (Glucotrol) is a type of sulfonylurea.
glipizide
___ (Tolinase) is classified as a sulfonylurea.
tolazamide
___ are therapies that enhance the effects of incretin hormones to improve insulin secretion.
Incretin-Based Therapies
___ is an injectable medication that helps control blood sugar levels by slowing gastric emptying.
Amylin Analog
Hypoglycemia is ___ with GLP-1.
not
The direct effect of sulfonylureas is to ___ insulin release.
increase
GLP-1 helps improve the size and function of ___ cells.
pancreatic beta
Meglitinides are considered to be relatively ___ acting.
short
GLP-1 and GIP are hormones released from the ___ tract after eating.
GI
Adverse effects of meglitinides include ___, which can occur due to higher doses, missing meals, or strenuous exercise.
hypoglycemia
Two options for incretin-based therapies are GLP-1 receptor agonists and ___ inhibitors.
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4
Gastrointestinal adverse effects of meglitinides include ___, nausea, and diarrhea.
heartburn
___ are agents that stimulate insulin secretion in patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Sulfonylureas
___ are medications that improve insulin sensitivity in the body.
Insulin Sensitizers
___ are used to lower blood sugar levels by binding bile acids in the intestine.
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Hypoglycemia is ___ with Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors.
mild
Incretin-based therapies mimic the effects of ___ produced GLP-1.
endogenously
Another example of a meglitinide is ___ (Starlix).
Nateglinide
Individuals with Type I Diabetes require ___ for management.
insulin therapy
Type II Diabetes can often be managed with ___ and lifestyle changes.
diet, exercise
Exenatide is also known as ___ and is administered sub-Q.
Byetta
Gastrointestinal adverse effects of sulfonylureas include ___, nausea, and diarrhea.
heartburn
Incretin-based therapies primarily involve the use of ___ inhibitors.
DPP4
Incretin-based therapies help to prolong the effects of ___ and ___.
GLP-1, GIP
Examples of DPP4 inhibitors include Linagliptin (Tradjenta), Sitagliptin (___), and Saxagliptin (Onglyza).
Januvia
___ is a class of drugs that decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity.
Biguanides