What is the relationship set between Students and Courses?
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Takes.
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What is the relationship set between Students and Courses?
Takes.
What process is overviewed in Chapter 2?
The database design process.
How can annual salary be derived?
From monthly salary.
What type of relationship is represented in the ER diagram?
Unary relationship.
What are derived attributes?
Attributes whose values are computed from other attributes.
Provide an example of how students are related to courses.
s1 takes c1, s1 takes c2, s2 takes c1.
What are generalization and specialization hierarchies referred to as?
IS_A hierarchies.
What defines a key of an entity set?
A set of attributes that can uniquely identify every potential entity of the entity set and remains minimal.
What is an n-ary relationship in the context of ER diagrams?
A relationship among n entity sets E1, E2, ..., En.
What determines whether an entity is strong or weak?
The way the data is modeled.
What does the notation (1, 1) indicate in the relationship between Students and Professors?
Each student must be advised by exactly one professor.
What are stored attributes?
Attributes whose values are actually stored in the database.
What is the definition of specialization in data modeling?
Specialization is the process of defining a specialized entity set from a given entity set.
What is an example of a unary 1-to-1 relationship?
Is_married_to on Persons.
What is an example of a sub entity set in ER modeling?
The TA entity set, which may have attributes specific to teaching assistants.
What is an example of an attribute of a relationship?
Orders.
What is the minimality property in the context of keys?
If any attribute is removed from a key, the remaining attributes no longer form a key.
What is the result of extensive discussions among employees, managers, system analysts, and database designers?
A requirements document.
Which model is covered in detail in Chapter 2?
The entity-relationship model.
What is the purpose of using a super entity set in ER modeling?
To significantly simplify the ER diagram when sub entity sets share common properties.
What is a data model?
A tool used to specify real-world objects (entities), relationships among them, constraints on them, and their manipulation.
When should a super entity set be considered in ER modeling?
When sub entity sets share significant common properties.
What does a one-to-one relationship represent in ER modeling?
Each entity in set A is related to exactly one entity in set B and vice versa.
What does the relationship 'Takes' represent?
It represents the association between students and the courses they enroll in.
How often should the inventory of a product be checked in the RBMS?
Medium.
What is the frequency of making a purchase in the RBMS?
High.
What information is required for Clerk in the RBMS?
Employee id, Name (first and last), Address, Salary Rate, Hours.
What does the notation (0, m) indicate in the relationship between Professors and Students?
A professor can advise zero or many students.
What are the subclasses in the generalization example provided?
G_Students and UG_Students.
What does the notation (1, m) signify in relationships?
It indicates a one-to-many relationship.
What does max_card represent in an n-ary relationship?
The maximum number of relationships in R an entity in Ei may participate in.
What are simple (or atomic) attributes?
Attributes that take a single and indivisible value for each entity.
Give an example of a derived attribute.
Age from Birthdate.
Provide examples of composite attributes.
Name (First_Name, Middle_Name, Last_Name) and Address (Street_Address, City, State, Zipcode).
What type of relationship is represented in the ER diagram?
Binary relationship.
What does a super entity set contain?
All common attributes of sub entity sets.
Can you give examples of entities?
A person, an organization, an airplane, a course.
What is the cardinality between Orders and Products in the ternary relationship?
(1, m) - One Order can have many Products.
What attributes are associated with the Professors entity?
Pid, Name, Age.
Give examples of simple attributes.
Emp#, GPA, Address (as a single character string).
What type of document may be generated first in the RBMS development process?
An informal document.
What is an example of a data model?
The Relational Data Model.
What does an IS_A hierarchy represent in ER modeling?
A relationship where a sub entity inherits attributes and relationships from a super entity.
What type of relationship is represented in the ER diagram involving Orders, Products, Projects, and Suppliers?
Ternary relationship.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Students and Courses?
(1, 6) for Students and (5, n) for Courses.
What product information is required in the RBMS?
Product#, Product Name, Quantity on Hand, Invoice Price, Sale Price.
What are the two properties of an entity?
It exists and it is distinguishable.
What is the purpose of the Introduction section in a requirements document?
To state the objectives.
What is the frequency of adding a new employee in the RBMS?
Low.
What does IS_A semantics imply in specialization?
Every entity in a sub entity set is also an entity in the super entity set.
When should a sub entity set be used?
When its entities have significant special features (attributes and relationships) not shared by other entities in the original entity set.
What is the definition of generalization in the context of entity sets?
Generalization is the process of defining a generalized entity set from a given set of semantically related entity sets.
What are the key attributes of the 'Employees' table in the Relational Data Model?
Emp#, Name, Dept_Name.
What is the Inheritance Principle?
A sub entity set inherits all properties (all attributes and relationships) from the super entity set.
What are the key attributes of the 'Departments' table in the Relational Data Model?
Name, Location.
What is the cardinality of the relationship 'is_married_to'?
(0,1) for both sides.
What attributes are associated with the Students superclass?
Sid, Name, and GPA.
What does Chapter 2 introduce?
Different data models used to represent the data of a database.
What is an example of a binary 1-to-1 relationship?
Manages between Employees and Departments.
What is a strong entity?
An entity that can exist independently and can uniquely identify itself.
What is the definition of an entity?
An object or concept that exists and is distinguishable.
Where should grade information be stored in a relationship?
In the relationship between Students and Courses.
What details are included in the Manager information?
Employee id, Annual Salary, Position.
What does min_card represent in an n-ary relationship?
The minimum number of relationships in R an entity in Ei may participate in.
What does the general connectivity format represent?
It indicates the range of relationships an entity can participate in.
What does the notation (1, n) signify in relationships?
It indicates a one-to-many relationship as well, but with a different cardinality.
What is the general format for connectivity?
0 <= min_card <= max_card.
What is an identifying relationship in ER diagrams?
A relationship used to identify a weak entity set with its corresponding strong entity set.
What is the highest level in the IS_A hierarchy?
Persons.
Provide an example of a relationship between entities.
A student (s) takes a course (c).
What are composite attributes?
Attributes that take values that can be further divided into subparts.
What is a super entity set in the context of generalization?
Students is a super entity set (supertype).
What is a weak entity?
An entity whose existence depends on the existence of other (strong) entities.
What is the name of the unary relationship in the ER diagram?
is_married_to.
What is database design?
The process of representing data related to a real-world application in a format that conforms to a data model and facilitates efficient access.
What is the difference between an IS_A hierarchy and no IS_A hierarchy?
An IS_A hierarchy involves inheritance of attributes, while no IS_A hierarchy does not.
What does database design include?
Basic facts, relationships, and constraints related to a real-world application.
How is a many-to-many relationship represented in ER modeling?
RE (0, m) (0, n).
Who proposed the Entity-Relationship (ER) model?
Peter Chen in 1976.
How is the domain of an attribute usually represented?
By a type.
What is the definition of the role of an entity set in a relationship?
The function it performs in the relationship.
What does the example (1, 5) (5, 60) indicate?
Students can participate in 1 to 5 relationships, while Courses can participate in 5 to 60 relationships.
What are the components involved in the ternary relationship example?
supply, supply_to, and uses.
What type of data does 'Age number' represent?
A number.
What does the notation (1, 6) signify in the context of Courses?
It indicates that a course must be associated with 1 to 6 students.
What is the expected outcome of a successful purchase in the RBMS?
The customer purchases the product of the right quantity, and the total cost along with the time/date are displayed.
What is the definition of a relationship in the context of entities?
A relationship is an association among entities.
What is a relationship set?
All relationships of the same meaning among entities of a given set of entity sets.
What is the difference between IS_A hierarchy and no IS_A hierarchy in ER modeling?
IS_A hierarchy allows for specialization of entities, while no IS_A hierarchy does not.
What are G_Students and UG_Students in relation to Students?
They are sub entity sets (subtypes).
What is the concept of generalization in data modeling?
It is the process of extracting shared characteristics from two or more classes to create a generalized superclass.
What are the attributes of the G_Students entity set?
Sid, Name, GPA, GRE.
What does a data model describe?
Real-world objects (entities), relationships, constraints, and manipulation.
What does the notation (1, 6) signify in the context of Students?
Each student can be enrolled in 1 to 6 courses.
Is 'Name' a key?
It depends on whether 'Name' can uniquely identify every entity in the set.
What are single-valued attributes?
Attributes that take a single value (simple or composite) for each entity.
What type of relationship does a ternary relationship provide?
More accurate information.
What does the Purchase information detail?
Who buys what from whom.
What is the maximum number of skills an engineer can use for any given project?
At most one skill.
What is the purpose of the dedicated International Conference on ER Approach?
It focuses on Conceptual Modeling.
What does 'Name varchar(30)' signify?
A character string of variable length up to 30 characters.
What additional capabilities do authorized managers have in the RBMS?
They can check sales statistics, order products, and hire/fire employees.
Are the terms 'relationship' and 'relationship set' used interchangeably?
Yes, they are often used interchangeably.
How do graduate and undergraduate students relate to courses in ER modeling?
Graduate/undergraduate students can take only graduate/undergraduate courses, illustrating specialization.
Which entities are involved in the relationship example provided?
Products, Projects, Suppliers.
What attributes are associated with the entity 'Persons' in the ER diagram?
SSN, Name, Age.
What notation represents a one-to-many relationship in ER modeling?
RE (0, m) (0, 1).
What does the Supply information indicate?
Which supplier supplies what products.
What is the cardinality between Orders and Suppliers in the ternary relationship?
(0, r) - An Order may have zero or many Suppliers.
What does the notation (0, r) signify in relationships?
It indicates a zero-to-many relationship.
What are the two key portions of the Requirements Document used for conceptual design?
The 'Information to be contained' and 'Integrity constraints'.
In the context of ER modeling, what does CAB stand for?
Customers, Accounts, Banks.
What is the primary objective of the Retail Business Management System (RBMS)?
To allow clerks to check product inventory and sales discount information.
What is a relationship set in the context of entity sets?
A relationship set R among entity sets E1, E2, ..., En.
What does the notation (1, m) signify in the context of ER modeling?
It indicates a one-to-many relationship.
What type of relationship is characterized by many-to-many connectivity?
Many-to-many (m-to-m) relationship.
What type of information needs to be identified during requirement collection?
What information needs to be present.
Give examples of relationships that may exist among entity sets.
Works_in, Manages.
What is an example of a unary many-to-many relationship?
The relationship 'is_component_of' on Parts.
What attribute is associated with Employees in the Hierarchical Data Model?
Emp# (Employee Number).
What should be analyzed for each type of query?
The types of operations each attribute will involve.
What defines a weak entity set?
An entity set that cannot be uniquely identified by its own attributes alone.
What is an example of a strong entity in a banking context?
An account in a bank.
What are the two types of requirements identified during the requirement collection phase?
Database and functional requirements.
What is the purpose of using an IS_A hierarchy in data modeling?
To improve modeling quality by organizing entities in a structured way.
Give an example of an entity set.
All employees of a company.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Suppliers and Projects?
(1, m).
What does 'Proj#' represent in the ER diagram?
It represents the project number.
Is 'Sid' of Students a key?
It depends on whether 'Sid' can uniquely identify every student.
What is a requirement for employee identification in the RBMS?
Each employee must have a unique ID.
What does the notation (5, n) signify in the context of Courses?
Each course can have 5 to many students enrolled.
Is '(Sid, Name)' a key?
It depends on whether this combination can uniquely identify every student.
What standardized tests are associated with the subclasses?
GRE for G_Students and SAT for UG_Students.
What is an extension of the ER model?
Extended Entity-Relationship model (EER model).
How can the role of an entity set be determined?
From properly chosen names.
What is the purpose of the 'Transaction information' portion of the Requirements Document?
To create indexes and to design programs.
What are the main entities in the Object-Oriented Data Model?
Employees and Departments.
What is the input required for making a purchase in the RBMS?
Product ID, customer ID, quantity, etc.
Who can check product inventory in the RBMS?
Clerks of the business.
What is one of the data models that has been developed?
The Entity-Relationship Model (ER Model).
What is a composite attribute in an ER diagram?
An attribute that can be divided into smaller sub-attributes.
What is an exception that can occur if the quantity exceeds inventory?
The purchase will fail.
What is an example of a strong entity?
An employee.
In the Entity-Relationship Model, what does 'Employees' represent?
An entity that includes attributes like Emp#, Name.
What data model is widely used for its simplicity and flexibility?
The Relational Data Model.
What is an attribute in the context of ER diagrams?
A property or characteristic of an entity.
What are examples of entity sets mentioned in the text?
Cities and Persons.
What is an example of a unary one-to-many relationship?
The is_mother_of relationship among Persons.
What relationship is indicated by 'lives_in' between Persons and Cities?
It indicates that each person lives in one city, while a city can have many persons living in it.
What does 'Office_Hours' signify for TAs?
Office_Hours signify the designated times when TAs are available to meet with students.
What is the relationship between 'Employees' and 'Projects'?
The relationship is represented by 'work_on'.
What is the superclass in the generalization example?
Students.
What is the cardinality between Orders and Projects in the ternary relationship?
(1, n) - One Order can be associated with many Projects.
What is the domain of an attribute?
The set of values that an attribute can take on.
What are the valid positions for managers in the RBMS?
Assistant manager, manager, senior manager.
In the context of entities, what does (min_card, max_card) signify?
The minimum and maximum number of relationships an entity can have.
What does the notation (x, y) represent in ER diagrams?
It represents the connection and connectivity between entities.
What is an example of a domain for an attribute 'Sid'?
char(9) – character string of length 9.
In the relationship between Students and Courses, what does 'is_TA_of' represent?
It indicates the role of students as teaching assistants for courses.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Accounts and Banks?
(1, 1), meaning each account is associated with exactly one bank.
What additional attributes are associated with GRE Students?
Salary and Rank.
In the Hierarchical Data Model, what are the main components?
Departments and Employees.
What is the suitable way to handle grade information in a relationship?
Attach the grade information with the relationship.
What does the conceptual design phase produce?
A system independent conceptual schema.
What is the role of 'is_married_to' in an entity set?
It explicitly defines the relationship between persons as husband and wife.
What is the definition of the degree of a relationship?
The number of entity sets participating in the relationship.
How are Departments and Employees structured in the Hierarchical Data Model?
In a parent-child relationship.
Is it true that every employee is a department manager?
No, not every employee is a department manager.
What relationships exist between Students and Courses?
Students take Courses and TAs assist in Courses.
What attributes are associated with TAs?
Stipend and Office_Hours.
What does 'Office' refer to in the context of TAs?
It refers to the location where TAs hold office hours for student assistance.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Parts and Projects?
(1, r).
What relationship exists between 'Students' and 'Courses'?
Students take Courses.
What does 'years_of_experience' indicate in the ER diagram?
It indicates the number of years an employee has worked.
What are the attributes of the UG_Students entity set?
Sid, Name, GPA, SAT.
What are the key components of a data model?
Entities, relationships, constraints, and manipulation.
What attributes are associated with the Students entity?
Sid, Name, Age.
What does the notation (0, 1) signify in a one-to-one relationship?
It indicates that an entity may or may not participate in the relationship.
What should be described in the 'Information to be contained in the system' section?
Entities and relationships among them.
In a one-to-many relationship, how many relationships can an entity from E1 participate in?
Zero or more relationships.
What is the relationship between Skills and Projects in the ER model?
Skills (1, m) to Projects (1, r).
What is the relationship between Projects and Engineers in the ER model?
Projects (1, n) to Engineers participates (1, m).
What does it mean for an entity e1 in E1 to participate in a relationship R?
It means that a relationship in R contains e1.
What does the notation (1, n) signify in the context of ER modeling?
It indicates a one-to-many relationship as well, but with a different cardinality.
Can multiple relationships exist among the same set of entity sets?
Yes, several relationships may exist among the same set of entity sets.
What are some examples of attributes for the entity set 'Books'?
Title, ISBN, Authors, Publisher, Year.
What is stored using Object Identifiers (OIDs) in the Object-Oriented Data Model?
Objects.
What is a derived attribute in an ER diagram?
An attribute whose value is calculated from other attributes.
What standardized tests are associated with G_Students and UG_Students?
GRE for G_Students and SAT for UG_Students.
What attributes are associated with the Students entity?
Sid, Name, and GPA.
What is the minimum cardinality for an employee to manage a department?
Min_card = 0: It is optional for an employee to manage a department.
What is the difference between a ternary relationship and a binary relationship in ER modeling?
A ternary relationship may not be represented by multiple binary relationships.
Provide an example of a unary relationship in the context of courses.
is_prerequisite_of on Courses.
What is an example of a unary relationship among students?
is_classmate_of on Students.
What does the notation (1, 1) signify in the relationship between Persons and Cities?
It signifies that each person must live in exactly one city.
What is the relationship between 'Cities' and 'Employees' in the ER diagram?
The relationship is represented by 'live_in'.
What type of relationship exists between entities E1 and E2 in a many-to-many relationship?
Each entity in E1 or E2 participates in zero or more relationships.
How is the connectivity of an entity set determined in an n-ary relationship?
By its minimum and maximum cardinality (min_card and max_card).
What does 'many-to-many' mean in the context of entity relationships?
It means that each entity can relate to multiple entities in the other set.
What constraint is placed on customer purchases in the RBMS?
No customer can buy more quantity of a product than the quantity on hand.
What is an example of a data model?
The Object-Oriented Data Model.
What are integrity constraints in a requirements document?
All constraints to be enforced.
What common attributes do all students share in this hierarchy?
id, Name, GPA.
What is an example of a data model?
The Hierarchical Data Model.
What do the notations (5, n) and (0, m) represent in the relationship?
They represent the cardinality constraints for the relationship between Students and Courses.
What is a relationship in the context of entity sets?
A relationship R is between entity sets E1 and E2, where every entity in E1 or E2 participates in R.
What is the purpose of using an IS_A hierarchy in modeling?
To improve modeling quality.
What are the two main types of students mentioned?
G_Students and UG_Students.
What is created during the logical design phase?
A system dependent conceptual schema.
What does a relationship represent in an ER diagram?
A connection between two or more entities.
What entities are related to the Courses entity?
Course#, Title, TAs, and Office.
What is the output of the requirement collection and analysis phase?
A Requirements Document containing concise descriptions of the requirements.
What are the cardinalities associated with the 'supervises' relationship?
(1, m) for supervisor and (1, 1) for supervisee.
What does 'Pid' represent in the context of the Persons entity set?
It represents a unique identifier for each person.
What is the purpose of 'Stipend' in relation to TAs?
Stipend refers to the payment received by TAs for their work.
What attributes are associated with the 'Courses' entity?
Course#, Title, and takes.
What does 'Languages' signify in the ER diagram?
It signifies the programming languages known by employees.
What is the relationship between G_Students and UG_Students?
They are semantically related entity sets used for generalization.
What type of information is needed for Customer in the RBMS?
Customer information (specific details not provided).
What is the difference between an entity set and a relationship set in ER modeling?
An entity set represents a collection of similar entities, while a relationship set represents associations between entities.
What does Domain(A) represent?
The domain of attribute A.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Customers and Accounts?
(1, m), meaning one customer can have many accounts.
In a one-to-many relationship, how many relationships can an entity from E2 participate in?
At most one relationship.
What has the ER model become in terms of conceptual schema design?
The de facto standard tool.
What attributes are associated with Accounts in the ER model?
Acct# and Balance.
What are some examples of attributes for the entity set 'Students'?
Sid, Name, Address, GPA, Status.
What is an example of a binary many-to-many relationship?
The relationship between Students and Courses.
Name a data model that organizes data in a tree-like structure.
The Hierarchical Data Model.
In a one-to-one relationship, how many relationships can each entity participate in?
Each entity can participate in at most one relationship.
What is the significance of GPA in the context of UG_Students?
GPA stands for Grade Point Average, which is a measure of a student's academic performance.
What is the focus of the physical design phase?
The internal schema.
What tool is used for conceptual design in database design?
ER Model.
What information is represented by 'Course#' in the context of courses?
Course# refers to the unique identifier assigned to each course.
What does 'assists' indicate in the context of TAs?
It indicates the support provided by TAs to faculty or students in courses.
What does the notation (1,1) indicate in the context of relationships?
Each employee works in exactly one department.
What attributes are associated with the 'Students' entity?
Sid, Name, and GPA.
What does 'C_name' represent in the ER diagram?
It represents the name of a city.
What type of relationship is described as one-to-many?
A relationship where each entity of E1 participates in zero or more relationships while each entity of E2 participates in at most one relationship.
Is '(Name, Home_addr, Birthdate)' of Students a key?
It depends on whether this combination can uniquely identify every student.
What does the notation R E (min_card, max_card) represent?
It shows the relationship R between entity E with specified cardinality.
What is the purpose of an identifying relationship?
To establish a link between a weak entity set and its strong entity set.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Banks and Accounts?
(1, n), meaning one bank can have many accounts.
What information is provided in the Transactions section of a requirements document?
Operations to be supported and their estimated frequencies.
What is the purpose of conducting surveys of potential users in requirement collection?
To gather information about static structuring requirements.
What is a multivalued attribute in an ER diagram?
An attribute that can have multiple values for a single entity.
What happens if the product ID or customer ID is incorrect during a purchase?
The purchase will fail.
What entities are involved in the relationship described?
Students and Courses.
Are all attributes of an entity set relevant for a given application?
No, only a limited number of attributes are of interest.
Which data model allows for more complex relationships between data?
The Network Data Model.
What constraints should be considered during requirement collection?
What constraints need to be imposed.
What does the 'supervises' relationship represent in an entity set?
It defines the relationship between employees as supervisor and supervisee.
Give an example of a binary one-to-many relationship.
The advises relationship between Professors and Students.
What is the relationship type between 'Employees' and 'Departments'?
Works_In, with a (1,1) to (1,m) connectivity.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Suppliers and Parts?
(1, n).
Provide an example of a ternary relationship.
Orders among Customers, Products, and Suppliers.
What does 'Emp#' signify in the ER diagram?
It signifies the employee number.
What determines the data model used in database design?
The DBMS (Database Management System) used to host the database system for the application.
What are multi-valued attributes?
Attributes that take a set of values for each entity.
What can be incorrectly derived from binary relationships?
(s2, p2, j1).
What does the IS_A hierarchy represent in this context?
It represents the relationships between different categories of students and their attributes.
What are the two types of students mentioned in the hierarchy?
GRE Students and UG Students.
Why might the Requirements Document be revised?
Due to problems encountered in the later phases of database design.
What attributes are associated with the Employee entity?
Emp#, Name, Department.
What is the first phase of database design?
Requirement collection and analysis.
What type of information can clerks access in the RBMS?
Product inventory and product sales discount information.
What types of transactions or queries should be considered during requirement analysis?
The expected types of transactions/queries against the database.
What is the cardinality of the relationship between Students and Courses?
(1, 6) for Students and (5, n) for Courses.
What are the cardinalities associated with the 'is_married_to' relationship?
(0, 1) for both wife and husband.
What aspect of transactions should be evaluated?
How frequently each transaction is expected to be run.
Which data model incorporates concepts from object-oriented programming?
The Object-Oriented Data Model.
What is a primary key attribute?
An attribute that uniquely identifies each entity in an entity set.
What is the definition of an entity set?
A collection of entities of the same type.
What is a ternary relationship?
A relationship with a degree of 3.
What is another example of a ternary relationship?
Purchase among Customers, Employees, and Products.
What does 'Hobbies' represent in the context of the ER diagram?
It represents the hobbies of employees.
In a one-to-many relationship, what does (0, m) indicate?
An entity in set A can be related to zero or many entities in set B.
Give an example of a multi-valued attribute.
Authors of Books.
What is a requirement regarding suppliers' contact information in the RBMS?
Different suppliers must have different telephone numbers.
What does the notation (0, 2) signify in the context of Students?
It indicates that a student can be associated with 0 to 2 courses.
What are attributes in the context of an entity set?
The properties of an entity set.
What does connectivity in a relationship specify?
The mapping between the entity sets participating in the relationship.
What attributes are associated with the Department entity?
Name, Location.
What attributes are associated with Departments in the Hierarchical Data Model?
Name and Location.
What does the requirement GRE refer to in the context of students?
It refers to the Graduate Record Examination, a standardized test for admissions to graduate schools.
What relationships need to be identified among different data?
What relationships exist among different data.
What does a min_card value of = 0 indicate for an entity set E in relationship R?
E has partial (optional) participation in R.
What is a unary relationship?
A relationship with a degree of 1.
Give an example of a unary relationship involving employees.
Supervises on Employees.
What is an example of a weak entity in a banking context?
A transaction.
What is a partial key attribute?
An attribute that can uniquely identify a weak entity set but only when combined with the primary key of another entity.
What does the notation (1,m) indicate in the context of relationships?
A department can have multiple employees working in it.
What does the notation (1, m) signify in the relationship between Cities and Persons?
It signifies that a city can have one or more persons living in it.
What does 'Budget' refer to in the ER diagram?
It refers to the budget allocated for projects.
What are dynamic processing requirements?
Requirements that specify how the database will handle various transactions and queries.
What should be determined regarding the naming of information during requirement analysis?
What names should be used to refer to the information.
What is the primary focus of the Entity-Relationship Model?
To represent the relationships between entities in a database.
What is an entity set in ER diagram notations?
A collection of similar entities that share the same attributes.
What role do TAs play in relation to G_Courses?
TAs, or Teaching Assistants, assist in the teaching of graduate courses.
What is a one-to-many (1-to-m) relationship?
A relationship where one entity is associated with multiple instances of another entity.
What does 'Departments' represent in the Entity-Relationship Model?
An entity that includes attributes like Name, Location.
What is the degree of a binary relationship?
Give an example of a binary relationship.
Takes between Students and Courses.
Another example of an entity set?
All cities in the US.
What relationship exists between 'TAs' and 'Courses'?
TAs assist in Courses.
What is a one-to-one (1-to-1) relationship?
A relationship where for each entity in E1, there is at most one associated entity in E2, and vice versa.
What does it mean if every entity in E1 participates in relationship R?
It indicates that E1 has total participation in R.
What does a min_card value of >= 1 indicate for an entity set E in relationship R?
E has total (mandatory) participation in R.
Can you provide an example of total participation?
Departments have total participation in the relationship 'Manages'.
What is an example of a weak entity related to an employee?
The dependents of the employee.
What is the difference between an entity set and an attribute in ER modeling?
An entity set represents a collection of similar entities, while an attribute describes a property of an entity.
What is the minimum cardinality for a department to be managed?
Min_card = 1: It is mandatory for a department to be managed by an employee.
In the context of ER modeling, what entities are involved in the ternary relationship example provided?
Parts, Suppliers, and Projects.
What are the main categories of students mentioned?
G_Students, UG_Students, and SAT Students.
What attributes are associated with the 'TAs' entity?
Office, Stipend, and Office_Hours.
What is indicated by the notation '(1, m)' in the ER diagram?
It indicates a one-to-many relationship.
