Polysaccharides: Structure & Function

Cellulose is composed of β-glucose monomers, forming long, straight chains linked by hydrogen bonds, which create a rigid structure.

Glycogen and starch are composed of α-glucose, while cellulose is composed of β-glucose.

Starch is a polysaccharide that serves as a primary energy storage in plants.

Glycogen is composed of α-glucose monomers and has a highly branched structure, with branching occurring every 8-12 glucose units.

Glycogen is a polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals.

Cellulose is a polysaccharide that provides structural support in plant cell walls.

Cellulose provides structural integrity to plant cells and contributes to dietary fiber for humans.

Glycogen is soluble in water, has a compact structure for efficient storage, and is hydrolyzed quickly to meet energy demands during physical activity.

Starch acts as a long-term energy reserve for plants and is a major carbohydrate source in human diets.

Starch is composed of α-glucose monomers and exists in two forms: amylose (unbranched, helical structure) and amylopectin (branched).

Glycogen serves as a rapid energy source during physical exertion.

Starch is insoluble in water, digestible by humans and animals, and gelatinizes when heated in water.

Cellulose is insoluble in water, indigestible by humans, and contributes to dietary fiber, promoting digestive health.