Significant increase in attendance for SBHC medical users compared to nonusers, grade point average increases over time for mental health users compared to nonusers, no association found between discipline incidents and SBHC use.
Domiciliary care, Institutional care, Rooming in, Maternity Homes.
Young age of mothers, primigravida, grand multipara, poor previous pregnancy outcome, maternal employment or parental unemployment, delayed referral, inappropriate treatment.
To be a highly recognized and accredited center of excellence in Medical Education, using evidence-based training techniques for the development of highly competent health professionals.
The behavior of individual prices and quantities at the individual level.
Current unemployment rate is 20% and health spending is 5%.
Malnutrition, dental caries, parasitic infestation, eye defects, ear, nose & throat infection, skin diseases, communicable diseases, inadequate seating arrangement, improper ventilation, poor sanitary conveniences, toilets, water supply, collection and removal of refuse, inspection of food.
Intrauterine Devices (IUD) and conventional (non hormonal) contraceptives.
Education.
Meeting a given objective at least cost.
Gender violence, certain occupational and environmental health hazards, depression.
Declaration of the Rights of the Child.
Health for peace, peace for health.
Multidisciplinary education and teamwork, including communication, collaboration, consultation and referral.
To ensure that all birth attendants have the knowledge, skills & equipment to perform a clean & safe delivery and provide postpartum care to mother & baby.
Producing exactly what society wants.
There are 5 assistant Director Generals.
In Geneva, Switzerland.
Discharge the women after 48 hours.
Washington, USA.
Collaborating for global research, financing/grants for research, and identification for priorities for research.
Dissemination of mortality and morbidity data, weekly epidemiological record, world health statistics quarterly, and world health statistics annual.
A rights-based approach, preventing exclusion and maltreatment of individuals that are marginalised and socioeconomically disadvantaged.
Increasing life expectancy at birth by 10% will increase the economic growth rate by 0.35% a year.
The alternative uses of resources and policy making with the efficient utilization of economic resources such as human resource, material, and financial resources.
To explain the role of a school teacher in school health services.
African Region, Region of the Americas, South East Asia Region, European Region, Eastern Mediterranean Region, Western Pacific Region.
Eastern Mediterranean Region.
Geneva.
To Describe history, constitution and objectives of WHO. To State WHO regions. To Explain organizational structure of WHO with functions of each.
Principle of respect for autonomy, Principle of nonmaleficence, Principle of beneficence, Principle of justice.
WHO.
Geospatial Data Analysis, Natural Language Processing (NLP), Data Analytics.
Every year on 7th April.
154 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.
The application of the theories, concepts, and techniques of economics to the health sector.
1. Comprehend the concept of care required for the rapid restoration of the mother to optimum health 2. Enlist the preventive strategies required to prevent complications during intra-natal and post-natal period 3. Appreciate the importance of health education for mother/family regarding intra-natal and post-natal complications 4. Understand the relevance of family planning services provided during postnatal period
Types of cases and seasonal variation seen in school clinic OPD, nutrition status of students, parasitic infestation in school children.
1. Clean hands of the attendant 2. Clean perineum 3. Clean delivery surface 4. Clean cord and tying instrument 5. Clean cutting surface 6. Clean towels to dry the baby and then wrap the baby 7. Clean Water
Periodical medical inspection, annual medical check-up, arrangement for immunization of children, advising parents on the mental & physical conditions of children, inspection of physical training program, health education of teachers, capacity building of teachers to handle health issues of students.
26% higher in rural areas.
School health education.
Describing the facts and behavior in the economy, and helping to understand economic phenomena that can be tested.
Maternal Mortality Ratio and Maternal Mortality Rate.
Providing member states technical and managerial support for their national health programs development.
a) Cesarean delivery
UNICEF.
To be a highly recognized and accredited center of excellence in Medical Education, using evidence-based training techniques for the development of highly competent health professionals, who are lifelong experiential learners and are socially accountable.
Provision of resources for school health infrastructure, provision of quality of care, adequate health training of school personnel.
Thorough asepsis, delivery with minimum damage to mother and baby, readiness to deal with any complication, care of the baby at delivery.
Supervision of physical training, supervising health habits of children, follow-up of service, home visiting, treatment of minor ailments in absence of doctor, maintaining proper records both at school & of home visits, attending monthly conferences.
The difference in costs found between two interventions, i.e. the intervention and its comparator.
Breast feeding for 2 years, exclusive breast feeding for 6 months, no bottle feeding, complementary feeding at 6 months.
By dividing the total costs for the intervention by the total quantity of treatment units provided.
1953.
Total number of female deaths due to complications of pregnancy, childbirth within 42 days of delivery, multiplied by 1000, divided by the total number of women of childbearing age (15-45 years).
To overcome woman’s mortality from complications of pregnancy and childbirth in developing countries.
To ensure that limited resources are allocated as efficiently as possible.
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of reproductive disease or infirmity.
By making individuals more productive at work, increasing their income, spending more time in the labor force, investing more in education, and saving more due to increased life expectancy.
Vision: Highly recognized and accredited center of excellence in Medical Education, using evidence-based training techniques for development of highly competent health professionals, who are lifelong experiential learner and are socially accountable. Mission: To impart evidence-based research-oriented health professional education in order to provide best possible patient care and inculcate the values of mutual respect, ethical practice of healthcare and social accountability.
To impart evidence-based research-oriented health professional education and inculcate the values of mutual respect, ethical practice of healthcare, and social accountability.
It commemorates the day in 1948 when the formal existence of WHO took place.
To impart evidence-based research-oriented health professional education in order to provide the best possible patient care and inculcate the values of mutual respect, ethical practice of healthcare, and social accountability.
The benefit given up by not choosing the next best alternative.
To help WHO deliver its global mandate and implement its programmes in a timely and cost-effective manner.
Obstetric hemorrhage (41%) and hypertensive disorders (29%).
Education, promotion of food supply and nutrition, safe water and sanitation, maternal and child health care, immunization, prevention of endemic diseases, treatment of common diseases and injuries, provision of essential drugs.
Ninety-six percent.
Sluggish or no pains after rupture of membranes, good pains but no progress after rupture of membranes, prolapsed cord or hand, meconium-stained liquor or slow irregular or excessively fast fetal heart, excessive “show” or bleeding during labour, collapse during labour, a placenta not detached after half an hour of delivery, post partum hemorrhage or collapse, a temperature of 38 deg C or >.
The extra cost of producing one unit of output, for example, increasing the length of stay in the hospital by one day.
It is a branch of preventive medicine that deals with curative, preventive, and promotive aspects of health in school.
The logo consists of the United Nations symbol surmounted by a staff with a snake coiling around it, which has long been a symbol of medicine and the medical profession.
To give effect to the decisions and policies of the health assembly, to advise it and generally to facilitate its work.
To conduct detailed history and examination, blood tests, and assessment for nutritional deficiencies, vision, hearing, and speech assessment.
A specialized, non-political health agency of the United Nations.
To Describe history, mission and milestones of UNICEF.
Delay, Distance, and Deficiency.
The change in prices and the degree of said change based on market forces and the interaction between the consumer and business.
Health education, Personal hygiene, Hand washing, Dental hygiene, Balanced diet, Accidents prevention, Immunization, Teacher training.
Hygiene, immunization, feeding for mother and infant, birth registration, pregnancy spacing, importance of health check up.
The behavior of the entire economy and the broad aggregate of economic life.
Familiar surrounding, no cross infection, mother can keep an eye on domestic affairs.
Direct causes result from obstetric complications of the pregnant state, while indirect causes result from pre-existing or pregnancy-aggravated diseases.
To impart evidence-based research-oriented health professional education in order to provide the best possible patient care and inculcate the values of mutual respect, ethical practice of healthcare, and social accountability.
Intimation to parents, initial examination by nurse followed by detailed medical examination by SMO, inspection of environment (especially food), maintenance of records and necessary action.
Total number of female deaths due to complications of pregnancy, childbirth within 42 days of delivery, multiplied by 1000, divided by the total number of live births.
To enlist the objectives of school health services.
1965.
Dr. Hiroki Nakatani from Japan.
Neutral organization to all member states, nearly universal membership, global presence and networking, no parallel organization in tackling diseases, large number of expertise in all health issues, strong coordination and convincing ability, strong fund collecting ability, global cooperation, collaboration, and investment.
Trends in maternal mortality from 2000 to 2020.
Keeping the baby’s crib by the side of the mother’s bed.
To determine international health policy and program, review the work of past years, approve the budget, elect member states to designate a person to serve on the executive board, and supervise the financial policies of the organization.
Mother knows her baby, mother-child bonding, good opportunity for breastfeeding, removes fear for the baby to be misplaced, builds self-confidence in mother, prevents cross-infections (nosocomial).
6 regional offices.
Oral rehydration to treat mild and moderate dehydration.
First visit <3 days, second visit 1 week, third visit 8 weeks.
First Aid, Health Education, Noticing Changes in Student Behavior, Ensuring Vaccination, Supervising School Environment, Participating in School Meal Services.
1. Define Reproductive Health & describe its components. 2. Explain the basics statistics related to Reproductive Health. 3. Explain the formation of basic maternal mortality indicators. 4. Explain the risk factors and causes of maternal mortality. 5. Describe the concept & components of safe motherhood.
Safe motherhood, fertility regulation, prevention & control of reproductive tract infection, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) including HIV/AIDS, prevention & treatment of infertility/subfertility, malignancies of the reproductive tract, and newborn care.
To define economics, differentiate between macro & microeconomics, explain positive & normative economics, describe the framework of health economics, explain the law of demand, supply & elasticity, describe the production possibility frontier, explain 4 types of economic evaluation, appraise components of economic evaluation, and understand ethical issues in economic support.
The death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of duration and site of pregnancy from any cause related or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management and not due to any accidental or incidental cause.
Weighing Machine, Surgical kit, Height scale, BP Apparatus, Snellen’s Eye Chart, Tongue Depressor & Torch, Nasal & Ear Speculum, Vaccination Equipment, Glucometer, Examination Couch, Sterilizer.
Remedial classes for learning disabilities, Diagnosing cases, Arrangements for children with special needs, Care for children with chronic disorders.
Pain killers and anti-pyretic, eye drops, ear-ache drops, ORS, anti-emetics, anti-spasmodic, anti-histamines, antacids.
To deal with the rehabilitation of children in war-ravaged countries.
Division of diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative services, Division of strengthening of health services, Division of family health, Division of non-communicable diseases, Division of health manpower development.
Unplanned pregnancy, STDs and AIDS, unsafe abortion, pregnancy complications, malnutrition.
The level of unemployment should be less than 5% and the government should provide free treatment to the poor.
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
The death of women while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of cause of death.
To ensure that essential care for high-risk pregnancies is made available to all women who need it and complications are dealt with appropriately and referred timely.
To describe the role of research in school health services.
To ensure that individuals & couples have the information and services to plan timing, number & spacing of pregnancies.
Promoting mental health, identifying unhealthy behavior, creating a healthy school environment, and addressing risk factors for abnormal mental problems.
To prevent complications where possible and ensure that complications of pregnancy are detected early & treated appropriately.
In Geneva in May each year, attended by delegations from all 194 member states.
Dr. Tedros Adhanom.
Breastfeeding.
Maternal and child health care, human reproduction, and nutrition and child health education.
The efficient utilization of economic resources in the health services sector.
Promoting health and learning, Involving all stakeholders, Creating a healthy environment, Implementing standard policies and practices, Improving health.
To focus attention on a specific aspect of public health.
Family planning, Sex Health, Maternal health.
Health appraisal, remedial measures, prevention of communicable diseases, healthful school environment, nutrition services, first aid, mental health, dental health, eye health, health education, education of handicapped children, proper maintenance of school health records.
Providing food to Europe.
Promotion of positive health, prevention of diseases, early diagnosis and treatment of defects, awakening health consciousness in children, provision of healthful environment.
In 1987.
In Geneva, Switzerland, on 22-28 May 2022.
Involving ethics and value judgments, making hypothetical statements that cannot be tested, and making recommendations on how things should be.
Anemia, infections & parasitic diseases, neoplasms, allergic, endocrine, metabolic, nutritional diseases, diseases of blood, mental disorder, diseases of cardiovascular system, respiratory disease, genito-urinary diseases, diseases of bones & joints, chronic poisoning.
Death of women from direct or indirect obstetric causes more than 42 days but less than one year of termination of pregnancy.
To explain the duties of the school health team.
Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Child health, nutrition, family welfare, and education.
Growth charts to better monitor child development.
Location away from business centers, cinemas, houses, railway tracts, appropriate land for play areas, size of classrooms, ventilation, and water supply.
To determine international health policy and program, review the work of past years, approve the budget, elect member states to designate a person to serve on the executive board, and supervise the financial policies of the organization.
Immunization.
National programs for sanitation, protection of air quality, food and water, health conditions of work, radiation protection, identification of new hazards, WHO environmental health criteria program, and WHO environmental health monitoring program.
Enlisting important NGOS of Pakistan.
From 167 per 100,000 live births in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to 317 per 100,000 live births in Balochistan.
How people allocate their limited resources to satisfy their unlimited wants.
Complete general examination, Refractive errors, Hearing problems, Congenital heart defects, Anemia, Follow up of cases, Treatment of minor illness, Prevention of spread of communicable diseases.
Strong women’s movement and criticism on the control of female fertility and their sexuality, HIV/AIDS pandemic, and the concept of reproductive rights.
Promoting development, encouraging health security, strengthening health systems, encouraging research, information & evidence, enhancing partnerships, and improving performance of health developing organizations.
Ensuring that all women receive the care they need to be safe and healthy throughout pregnancy and childbirth.
Post partum sterilization.
Hemorrhage, septicemia, toxemia (eclampsia) of pregnancy, abortions, abnormalities of bony pelvis, ectopic pregnancy, disproportion or mal-position of fetus, improper management, poor technique in natal & postnatal periods.
On 11 December 1946, by the United Nations General Assembly.
Family planning, Antenatal care, Clean/safe delivery, Essential obstetric care.
Obstetric hemorrhage (41%) and hypertensive disorders (29%).
Reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life.
Identification of disease through signs such as flushed face, rash, coughing, sore throat, and more.
To enumerate the functions of school health services.
Minus desk, zero desk, and plus desk based on the vertical line from the edge of the desk in relation to the seat.
To prevent complications of the postpartum period, provide care for the rapid restoration of the mother to optimum health, check adequacy of breastfeeding, provide family planning services, provide basic health education to mother/family.
Promotion and support of national health policy development, comprehensive national health programs, organizing health system based on primary health care, development of health manpower and utilization, building long term national capability health infrastructure, managerial tasks, health services research, and appropriate technology for health.
Puerperal sepsis, thrombophlebitis, secondary hemorrhage, UTI, mastitis.
