Childhood Dev Fill in 1 _Dr. Martinez

For children under ___ years old who were born prematurely, chronological age must be adjusted for ___ age.

Parallel play typically occurs in children aged ___ to ___ years old.

According to Piaget, the process of learning occurs via ___ and ___.

The ability to draw certain shapes is often assessed to understand a child's ___ progress.

Developmental delays affect approximately ___ % of children.

The time of autonomy includes the ability to walk, run, explore, and the power to say '___'.

Developmental milestones are divided into ___, cognitive, social, and emotional domains.

Receptive language development is the ability to ___ and process language.

In onlooker play, a child observes other children's play but does not try to play by ___ .

The average length of time it takes for kids to learn the potty training process is about ___ months.

Descriptions of a child's drawing abilities can help determine if they are on track ___.

The sensorimotor stage is seen among ___ and toddlers.

In Freud's theory, the pleasure center during the oral stage is the ___ and the objective is to establish a trusting relationship with the primary caregiver.

Kohlberg grouped the stages of moral reasoning into pre-conventional, conventional, and ___ categories.

Fine motor development focuses on precise movements using ___ and smaller muscles.

Cognitive development includes the development of reasoning and ___-solving skills.

___ play typically occurs from birth to infancy and involves the child making non-purposeful movements randomly.

Cooperative play typically occurs in children aged ___ to ___ years.

Cooperative play is a type of ___ play where children share ideas and work towards a common goal.

In the sensorimotor stage, children learn that a certain object still exists even if it is ___ of sight.

Close monitoring during early childhood is important to ensure children are meeting age-specific ___ (motor, language, cognitive, and social skills).

Lawrence Kohlberg established that the reasoning behind a decision is a greater indication of moral development than the actual ___.

Solitary play is typically observed in children up to ___ years old.

In associative play, a child starts to interact with others but will not be working towards an ___ goal.

Assimilation occurs when new information is incorporated into the ___ schema.

After synaptogenesis, there is a period of synaptic ___ or elimination.

According to Freud's psychosexual theory, human development is a ___ process in which basic sexual and aggressive instincts must be fulfilled.

A phoneme is defined as the basic unit of ___ in language.

During adolescence, there is an increase in midbrain ___ activity.

Early identification and treatment of developmental delay can improve ___.

Egocentrism is a characteristic of children in the ___ stage.

In 2022, the CDC recommended using the ___ percentile rather than the ___ percentile for developmental surveillance.

Potty training typically begins at ___ to ___ years.

In cooperative play, children learn to play ___ and combine their efforts.

The main achievement of the sensorimotor stage is ___ permanence.

Early childhood spans from birth to ___ years.

The anal stage is marked by extensive efforts to gain ___ and strive for autonomy.

The process of myelination begins as early as the ___ week of gestation.

Synaptic pruning leads to a decrease in ___ matter in the adolescent brain.

Object permanence is an infant's understanding that an object continues to exist even when it is not ___, touched, or heard.

At the pre-operational stage, children cannot deal with ___ and ___ concepts.

The third stage of psychosocial development involves the child developing a sense of self-___ and feeling guilty if they disobey parents and rules.

Children, even ___ siblings, develop at different speeds and one child's milestones should not be used to evaluate another's development.

Potty training is usually completed by the age of ___ years.

Girls typically complete toilet training ___ to ___ months before boys.

Synaptogenesis reaches its peak at ___ to ___ years of age.

Common etiologies for delays include neurodevelopmental disorders, neurologic injury, or parental ___.

Phonology refers to ___ knowledge, which involves producing correct sounds.

At age 3, the brain has approximately ___ trillion connections.

Gross motor development involves movements that require the use of ___ muscle groups.

Expressive language development is the ability to formulate ___.

Children aged between ___ and ___ years undergo the stage of pre-operational development.

Developmental milestones provide a framework for expected skills or behaviors by a certain ___.

Stranger anxiety typically manifests between ___ and ___ months of age.

According to Erikson, the first stage of development occurs in ___ and involves developing a sense of ___ towards others.

Social and emotional development involves the development of self-___ and attachment.

Imminent justice is the belief that bad deeds are always ___ and automatically follows.

Piaget divided cognitive development into sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and ___ stages.

At this stage, the child believes everyone has the same ___ as herself.

The highest organization of cognition that enables a person to mentally develop a hypothesis and test it against ___ is known as ___ thinking.

Jean Piaget created his theory of cognitive development highlighting how children's intelligence undergoes changes as they ___ .

In the second stage of psychosocial development, if children are allowed to explore their surroundings, they will develop a sense of ___ and self-___.

The virtue developed during the autonomy vs. shame/doubt stage is ___, which occurs from ___ months to 3 years.

Conservation is the main achievement of the concrete operational stage, where a child learns that quantity remains the same even though ___ changes.

Object conservation is a concept that objects hold certain properties the same, such as mass and volume, despite physical ___ in appearance.

Egocentrism in children (2-4 years) means they are unable to take the ___ of other people.

The text in gray is there for your ___, to provide context for better understanding.

The anal phase (18 months - 3 years) focuses on controlling ___ and bowel movements.

The latency stage (6 years - puberty) is characterized by a focus on school activities, sports, and building ___ relationships.

Children tend to misinterpret every misfortune as a punishment for some kind of their ___ actions.

During the initiative vs. guilt stage, which occurs from ___ to ___ years, the child learns the purpose of their actions.

Imaginary friends are relatively common in ___ as part of healthy development.

Object permanence is the understanding that items still exist even when you can't ___ or ___ them.

During the concrete operational stage (7-11 years), children understand object ___, including mass and reversibility.

Freud proposed that personality development in childhood takes place over ___ psychosexual stages.

Table 1 covers Childhood Developmental ___.

Consider reviewing Amboss' Childhood Development and Milestones ___ .

In Erikson's stages, the crisis of trust vs. mistrust occurs from ___ to ___ months.

During the concrete operational stage, children begin to realize that their own thoughts are ___ and may not be shared by others.

Object permanence is the idea that objects can continue to exist even when not ___ .

Individuals who do not manage to complete the previous stage successfully generally are unable to build ___ relationships.

Children may face a negative self-description believing they do not have the ___ to achieve their goals.

In the oral phase (0-18 months), infants explore the world primarily through their ___ by sucking and putting items in their mouths.

Freud's Oedipal theory suggests that a child may develop unconscious sexual feelings toward the ___-sex parent.

The stage of industry vs. inferiority focuses on the child's sense of ___ and occurs from ___ to puberty.

The formal operational stage is observed in children aged ___ to ___ years and beyond.

Erik Erikson developed his 8 stages of psychosocial development to explain the process of ___ .

In the formal operational stage (12 years and older), children develop ___ reasoning, moving from general to specific.

You do not need to memorize the gray text as it will not be ___ on.

During the phallic stage (3-6 years), children become aware of their bodies and the differences between ___ and ___.

The genital stage (puberty - death) involves the development of a mature sexual identity and the ability to form healthy ___ relationships.

Cognitive ability ___ refers to the child's newfound ability to consider another person's point of view.

Piaget described the belief that everything is alive as ___ animism.

Stranger anxiety typically develops around ___ months.

The child's task is to learn and develop a sense of ___.

If a child does not resolve a stage successfully, they may develop ___ that affect behavior into adulthood.

Table 2 compares different Developmental Stage ___.

In the sensorimotor stage (0-2 years), the child learns by ___, touching, and sucking.

In the preoperational stage (2-7 years), children exhibit ___ thinking, believing their thoughts can influence the environment.

During this age, children may begin to lose their positive self-regard as they compare themselves to others' ___.

Look at the tables at the end of this handout for summary comparison tables of key learning ___ .

Practice questions can be found at the end of this handout: ___ .