What methods does Locke suggest for understanding the self?
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The power of reason and introspection.
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What methods does Locke suggest for understanding the self?
The power of reason and introspection.
What are the characteristics of the physical realm?
Changeable, transient, and imperfect.
What is the famous phrase associated with self-knowledge?
Know thyself.
What is the famous phrase by René Descartes that signifies self-awareness?
I think, therefore, I am.
According to Paul Churchland, what constitutes the self?
The brain.
What are the three elements of the self according to Plato?
Reason, Spirit, and Appetites.
What are the characteristics of the ideal realm?
Unchanging, eternal, and immortal.
What is introspection?
The examination of one's own thoughts and emotions.
What does John Locke believe is essential for our belief in a consistent identity?
Consciousness.
What method is used for gaining self-knowledge through careful examination?
The Socratic method.
What are the two components that Socrates believes every man is composed of?
Body and soul.
According to Locke, what is the essence of the self?
A collection of memories organized by consciousness.
What does Socrates suggest regarding self-knowledge?
To 'know thyself.'
What is an important aspect of managing and caring for the self?
Learning to be a better student.
According to Socrates, what aspect of individuals is imperfect and impermanent?
The body.
What are the three parts of the course on Understanding the Self?
The self from various perspectives, unpacking the self, and managing and caring for the self.
What is considered a prerequisite for a happy and meaningful life according to philosophers?
Self-knowledge.
What does Socrates consider the most important aspect of being human?
Goodness or beauty.
What part of human existence belongs to the physical realm?
The body.
What does Socrates believe about the soul?
The soul is perfect and permanent.
How can one take charge of their health?
By managing and caring for the self.
What is the relationship between the soul and body according to Descartes?
The soul and body are independent of one another and can exist and function without each other.
What role does the self play in our lives?
The self is your main companion in living in this world.
What does Maurice Merleau-Ponty emphasize about the self?
The self is embodied subjectivity.
What does the first part of the course focus on?
The self from various perspectives.
What is the central question regarding the self in philosophy?
What is self and the qualities that define it?
According to Socrates, how can a person achieve a meaningful and happy life?
By becoming virtuous and knowing the value of oneself through constant soul-searching.
What does Descartes believe is proof of the existence of the self?
The act of thinking about the self and being self-conscious.
What was Socrates' primary focus regarding the human self?
The full power of reason on who we are, who we should be, and who we will become.
What happens to the self if the brain is gone, according to Churchland?
There is no self.
What does self-management involve?
Taking charge of one's health and learning to improve personal skills.
What is the primary focus of Medieval Philosophy?
The integration of religious beliefs with philosophical inquiry.
What are some aspects of the self that will be explored?
Who you are, who you want to be, who society wants you to be, and who you can be.
How does Descartes differentiate between the self as a thinking entity and the self as a physical body?
The self as a thinking entity is distinct from the self as a physical body; the thinking self exists independently of the physical body.
What is the primary focus of philosophical perspectives on the self?
The nature, identity, and existence of the self.
What are the three parts of the Self according to Plato?
Reason, Spirit (or Passion), and Physical Appetite.
What is the focus of the second part of the course?
Unpacking the self.
What do the terms 'Philia' and 'Sophia' mean in philosophy?
'Philia' means love and 'Sophia' means wisdom.
What does David Hume argue about the concept of self?
He argues that there is no self.
How did St. Augustine integrate philosophical ideas?
He integrated the ideas of Plato and Christianity.
What does Socrates suggest about the relationship between the body and the soul?
One should try to separate the body from the soul as much as possible.
What did Aristotle suggest about anything with life?
It has a soul.
What is the relationship between the soul and the body according to St. Augustine?
The soul is united with the body so that man may be entire and complete.
What does the soul strive for according to Socrates?
Wisdom and perfection.
Which philosopher is known for the concept of the self as a thinking substance?
René Descartes.
What does the third part of the course address?
Managing and caring for the self.
What did Socrates mean by 'An unexamined life is not worth living'?
It emphasizes the importance of self-reflection and understanding oneself.
What does Descartes believe makes a person truly human?
The mind.
How does St. Augustine view the physical body in relation to the soul?
The physical body is different from and inferior to its inhabitant, the immortal soul.
What is the tool of the soul to achieve an exalted state of life?
Reason.
According to John Locke, what primarily constructs personal identity?
Sense experiences, such as what we see, hear, smell, taste, and feel.
In what way did Augustine describe humankind's creation?
Humankind is created in the image and likeness of God.
How did Medieval philosophers view the relationship between faith and reason?
They believed that faith and reason could coexist and complement each other.
What perspective examines the self in relation to society and social structures?
Sociological perspective.
What is the nature of the thinking self according to Descartes?
It is nonmaterial and immortal.
What is necessary for a coherent personal identity, according to Locke?
Self-consciousness.
What distinguishes the rational soul?
It includes intellect that allows us to know and understand things.
What is the true task of the philosopher according to Socrates?
To know oneself.
What aspect of the self involves beliefs and values related to spirituality?
Spiritual Self.
What is Ancient Greek Philosophy known for?
It is known for its foundational contributions to Western thought, including ethics, metaphysics, and epistemology.
What famous statement is Descartes known for?
'Cogito, ergo sum' (I think, therefore I am).
What is the consequence of the knowledge of God?
Self-knowledge.
What is the nature of God in relation to the self according to St. Augustine?
God is transcendent.
According to Merleau-Ponty, how is all knowledge of ourselves and our world acquired?
It is based on subjective experience.
How does Aristotle view the relationship between the body and soul?
He sees them as one thing, not two separate elements.
According to Descartes, what is the essence of the self?
A thinking entity that doubts, understands, analyzes, questions, and reasons.
What does philosophy aim to discover?
The ultimate causes, reasons, and principles of everything.
How is the concept of the self described?
The self is freaking complex.
According to Hume, what do people actually experience?
A bundle or collection of different perceptions, impressions, sensations, ideas, thoughts, and images.
What perspective did St. Augustine develop regarding the body and soul?
A more unified perspective.
Can the self be fully objectified or known objectively, according to Merleau-Ponty?
No, the self can never be truly objectified or known in a completely objective way.
What are the three kinds of soul according to Aristotle?
Vegetative, Sentient, and Rational.
What are the two worlds that Kant distinguishes in relation to the Self?
The internal world (thoughts and feelings) and the external world (events and situations outside our control).
Which perspective focuses on the nature of existence and reality?
Philosophical perspective.
What happens when there is conflict among the elements of the self?
It is the responsibility of Reason to restore harmony.
What characterizes the physical body in Descartes' philosophy?
It is a material, mortal, non-thinking entity governed by physical laws.
According to Descartes, what is the relationship between the body and the mind?
The body is separate from the mind and does not define what makes a person.
What preoccupations keep us from attaining wisdom?
Bodily needs such as food, water, sex, pleasure, material possessions, and wealth.
What aspect of the self relates to one's body and appearance?
Physical Self.
What does Physical Appetite encompass in Plato's theory?
Basic biological needs such as hunger, thirst, and sexual desires.
What allows the Self to transcend sense experience?
Through our rationality.
Which perspective studies the self through cultural practices and beliefs?
Anthropological perspective.
What is the significance of self-awareness in philosophical discussions of the self?
It is crucial for understanding one's identity and existence.
How does Plato's view of the Self compare to Socrates?
Plato's view is almost the same as Socrates' but includes additional components.
What is the relationship between behavior and self according to Ryle?
The way we do things defines the self.
What does self-consciousness provide in terms of personal identity?
Knowledge of the self as a person.
What does Aristotle suggest is the purpose of the rational nature of the self?
To lead a good, flourishing, and fulfilling life.
What method did Descartes use to arrive at his conclusions?
Radical doubt and systematic skepticism.
Who are some key figures in Ancient Greek Philosophy?
Key figures include Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
How is the self known according to St. Augustine?
The self is known through knowing God.
What does St. Augustine mean by 'knowledge can only come by seeing the truth that dwells within us'?
Knowledge is derived from understanding the inner truth of oneself.
What is the role of Reason in Plato's view of the self?
To sort out conflicts and exert control among the elements of the self.
What part of human existence belongs to the ideal realm?
The soul.
What does Gilbert Ryle deny about the self?
He denies the concept of an internal, non-physical self.
According to Immanuel Kant, what role does the Self play in experience?
The Self actively organizes and synthesizes all our thoughts and perceptions, making experience an intelligible world possible.
What are the main perspectives on the self?
Philosophical, Sociological, Anthropological, Psychological, Eastern and Western Perspective.
What does Plato believe is necessary for genuine happiness?
Reason must be in control of Spirit and Appetites.
What is John Locke's concept of 'Tabula Rasa'?
It refers to the idea of the mind as a blank slate at birth.
What is the role of the soul according to Aristotle?
The soul is the Form of the body and defines a person's essence.
According to Ryle, what truly matters in defining the self?
The behavior that a person manifests in day-to-day life.
What is a significant topic of interest among philosophers?
The nature of the self.
What does Hume say about the concepts of past and future?
He states that there is no past nor future, only present stimulation from the environment.
What does the term 'self' often refer to in philosophy?
The essence of a person, including consciousness and identity.
What emotions are included in the Spirit or Passion part of the Self?
Basic emotions such as love, anger, ambition, aggressiveness, and empathy.
Can the soul exist without the body in Aristotle's philosophy?
No, the soul cannot exist without the body.
How does Ryle describe the term 'self'?
As a convenient name for all the behaviors that people exhibit.
What does Hume believe about personal identity?
He believes it is a result of imagination.
How do existentialists view the self?
As something that is created through choices and actions.
Why is the soul significant in St. Augustine's philosophy?
It is an important element of man.
How do experiences affect the self, according to Locke?
They shape and mold the self throughout a person's life.
What did Socrates believe about the soul?
He believed that every human possesses an immortal soul.
What is the function of the sentient soul?
It encompasses sensual desires, feelings, and emotions.
What is Augustine's belief about God?
God is transcendent and everything is created by God, who is all good.
What governs the physical body in Descartes' view?
The physical laws of nature.
What does the Material/Economic Self refer to?
It refers to one's relationship with material possessions and economic status.
Which perspectives contrast in their views on the self, often reflecting different cultural values?
Eastern and Western perspectives.
What does Socrates imply about human life after death?
He believed that human life does not end at one's death.
What does the Digital Self encompass?
It encompasses one's identity and interactions in the digital realm.
What is the relationship between the human person and God according to St. Augustine?
The human person, being a creation of God, is always geared towards the good.
What are the two dimensions of the self according to Descartes?
The self as a thinking entity and the self as a physical body.
How does Descartes describe the body?
As a machine attached to the mind.
What does Churchland emphasize as the source of our sense of self?
The physical brain, not the imaginary mind.
Who is a key figure in Medieval Philosophy known for his work on the nature of God?
St. Augustine.
What does Reason represent in Plato's theory?
The Divine essence that enables deep thinking, wise choices, and understanding of eternal truth.
How does Descartes describe the thinking self?
As a nonmaterial, immortal, conscious being independent of physical laws.
What philosophical approach did Medieval thinkers often use?
Scholasticism, which emphasizes dialectical reasoning.
What are the different aspects of the self discussed?
Physical Self, Sexual Self, Material/Economic Self, Spiritual Self, Political Self, Digital Self.
What governs and defines the human person according to St. Augustine?
The soul.
What was Socrates' view on the self?
He believed the self is synonymous with the soul (Psyche).
What does the vegetative soul represent?
The physical body; allows things to grow.
Which ancient Greek philosophers heavily explored the philosophical framework for understanding the self?
Socrates and Plato.
How does the Self construct its own reality according to Kant?
By synthesizing both internal and external experiences to create a familiar and predictable world.
Who is the instructor for the course on Understanding the Self?
Ms. Krissette Laure Ladica RPm.
What is the primary focus of modern philosophy?
The exploration of the nature of knowledge, reality, and existence.
What happens to the soul when the body dies, according to Aristotle?
The soul dies along with the body.
What phrase encapsulates Ryle's view on action and existence?
I act, therefore I am.
What was a significant contribution of Medieval Philosophy to later thought?
The development of natural theology and metaphysics.
Which aspect of the self pertains to one's sexuality?
Sexual Self.
Who is considered a key figure in modern philosophy known for the mind-body dichotomy?
René Descartes.
How did Socrates view death?
He explained that death is the departure of the soul for the eternal world.
What perspective analyzes the self through mental processes and behavior?
Psychological perspective.
What is the mind-body dichotomy?
The philosophical concept that the mind and body are distinct and separable entities.
Which aspect of the self is concerned with political beliefs and affiliations?
Political Self.
What method is Socrates famous for?
The Socratic Method, which involves asking questions to stimulate critical thinking.
What is Plato's theory regarding the self?
Plato proposed the Tripartite Theory of the Soul, dividing it into three parts: rational, spirited, and appetitive.
How did Aristotle view the concept of the soul?
Aristotle viewed the soul as the essence of a living being, integral to its identity and function.
How does the self seek to unite with God according to St. Augustine?
Through faith and reason.
