What is circumduction?
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A circular movement of a body segment.
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What is circumduction?
A circular movement of a body segment.
What is rotation?
A movement around a central axis.
How many systems is the human body organized into?
11 systems.
What is inversion in terms of foot movement?
Moving the soles of the foot towards the median plane.
What is supination?
Rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly; if the elbow is flexed, it turns the palm upward or superiorly.
What does the term 'ventral' refer to in anatomy?
Towards the belly (anterior).
What is the anatomical position?
A position when standing upright with the head facing forward, upper limbs by the side of the body, palms facing forward, and feet close together facing forward.
Give an example of rotation.
Shaking the head.
What is medial rotation?
Inward rotation of a body part towards the midline.
What is the meaning of 'cranial' in anatomy?
Towards the head (superior).
What is the prone position?
A lying down position with the face directed downwards.
How are the feet positioned in the anatomical position?
Close together and facing forward.
What is flexion?
To bend, bringing two bones closer together and decreasing the angle between them.
What is the function of the Transverse/Horizontal Plane?
It separates the body into top and bottom parts.
Give an example of flexion.
Bending the elbow or knee.
What do directional terms indicate in anatomy?
The location of body parts in relation to each other.
Can you give an example of abduction?
Raising your arms sideways away from your body.
What is flexion?
A movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.
What is the difference between 'flexor' and 'extensor' surfaces?
'Flexor' surfaces are the sides of limbs that bend, while 'extensor' surfaces are the sides that straighten.
What does 'prone' mean in anatomical terms?
Lying on the stomach, face down.
What does 'distal' refer to?
A position farther from the point of attachment or origin.
What does 'medial' indicate in anatomical terms?
Closer to the midline of the body.
Name the two main body cavities.
Dorsal cavity and ventral cavity.
What is radiographic anatomy?
The study of anatomical structures using imaging techniques.
What is flexion of the spine?
Bending forward at the waist.
What organs are found in the thoracic cavity?
Heart and lungs.
What is the opposition movement of the thumb?
The movement of the thumb (first digit) towards other digits.
What is protrusion in anatomical terms?
Moving anteriorly, such as sticking the chin out.
What is retrusion in anatomical terms?
Moving posteriorly, such as tucking the chin in.
What does 'anterior' mean in Gross Anatomy?
Towards the front.
What does depression refer to in anatomical terms?
Lowering or moving parts of the body inferiorly.
In the anatomical position, how are the upper limbs positioned?
By the side of the body.
What is abduction in terms of body movement?
Moves a bone or limb away from the midline or axis of the body.
What is the parietal layer?
Pertaining to the external wall of a body cavity.
What is the purpose of body positions in anatomy?
To describe the orientation of the body.
What is the visceral layer?
Pertaining to the covering of an organ.
What structures are contained within the thoracic cavity?
Lungs, trachea, heart, major blood vessels, and oesophagus.
What organs are located in the left upper quadrant?
Left lobe of the liver, stomach, spleen, body of pancreas, left kidney, adrenal gland, part of the descending and transverse colon.
What separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity?
The diaphragm.
What organs are found in the right upper quadrant?
Liver, duodenum, gallbladder, head of the pancreas, right kidney, adrenal gland, part of the ascending and transverse colon.
What does 'distal' mean in the context of limbs?
It refers to a position farther from the point of attachment of a limb.
What does 'supine' refer to in body positions?
Lying on the back, face up.
What is the meaning of superior and inferior?
Superior refers to a position above, while inferior refers to a position below.
What is hyperextension?
To extend a part of the body beyond the anatomical position, making the joint angle greater than 180 degrees.
Give an example of flexion.
Bending the elbow to bring the forearm closer to the upper arm.
What is the difference between ipsilateral and contralateral?
Ipsilateral refers to structures on the same side of the body, while contralateral refers to structures on opposite sides.
What is an example of abduction in the legs?
Spreading your legs apart.
Which organs are located in the Left Hypochondrium?
Stomach, left kidney, liver, spleen.
What movements combine to create circumduction?
Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
What is reposition in relation to thumb movement?
The movement of the thumb from the opposition position back to the anatomical position.
What does elevation refer to in anatomical terms?
Raising or moving parts of the body superiorly.
Can you name a common subdivision of the body?
The abdominal region.
What is the Median/Mid Sagittal plane?
It divides the body into left and right halves equally.
What does evagination refer to?
Folding outwards.
What do anatomical terms help describe?
Regions and planes of the body and the location of specific body parts.
What is lateral rotation?
Outward rotation of a body part away from the midline.
What does the term 'caudal' indicate?
Towards the tail.
What is plantar flexion?
The opposite of dorsiflexion, which increases the angle between the foot and leg.
What are anatomical planes used for?
To divide the body into sections for study.
What is an example of plantar flexion?
Standing on the toes.
What term is used to describe a position closer to the feet?
Inferior.
How does adduction relate to anatomical position?
It involves moving the legs back to the anatomical position after abduction.
What do anterior and posterior refer to?
Anterior refers to the front of the body, while posterior refers to the back.
Give an example of extension.
Straightening the elbow or knee.
What is extension?
A movement that increases the angle between two body parts.
What is the meaning of 'proximal'?
A position closer to the point of attachment or origin.
How do abduction and adduction relate to each other?
Abduction moves limbs away from the midline, while adduction brings them back toward the midline.
Give an example of extension.
Straightening the elbow to move the forearm away from the upper arm.
What is meant by 'exterior' in the context of hollow organs?
It refers to the outside of a hollow organ.
What is an example of adduction in the legs?
Bringing your legs back together after spreading them.
What structures are found in the Epigastric region?
Spleen, pancreas, liver, stomach.
What does 'proximal' refer to in anatomical positioning?
Closer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.
What does the abdominopelvic cavity contain?
Digestive organs, reproductive organs, and urinary bladder.
What does the organization of the human body into systems represent?
The levels of structural organization.
What is pronation?
Rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly; if the elbow is flexed, it turns the palm downward or inferiorly.
Why is understanding body regions important in anatomy?
It helps in identifying locations of organs and structures for medical purposes.
What is rotation in anatomical terms?
To move a bone around its own axis in a pivot joint.
What is the supine position?
A lying down position with the face directed upwards.
What does the term 'deep' refer to in anatomy?
Towards the interior parts of the body.
What is dorsiflexion?
Flexion of the ankle where the dorsum or top of the foot is lifted upward, decreasing the angle between the foot and leg.
What direction do the palms face in the anatomical position?
Forward.
Can you give an example of abduction?
Movement of the legs in jumping jacks or moving the arm away from the body.
What does 'inferior' mean in anatomical terminology?
Towards the feet.
What is adduction?
Moves a bone or limb toward the midline of the body.
What does 'medial' indicate in Gross Anatomy?
Towards the median plane.
What is abduction in terms of body movements?
Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
What is the meaning of 'lateral' in anatomical terms?
Away from the median plane.
What does the abdominal cavity contain?
The gut, associated digestive glands, kidneys, and adrenal glands.
Which organs are located in the left lower quadrant?
Part of the descending colon, sigmoid colon, left ureter, left ovary, and fallopian tube.
What does the term 'lateral' indicate?
A position farther from the midline of the body.
Can you give an example of adduction?
Lowering your arms back to your sides after raising them.
What is the meaning of 'lateral' in body positioning?
Referring to the side of the body or a structure.
What term describes a position toward the front of the body?
Anterior (or ventral).
What is the term for lying down on one side?
Lateral recumbent position.
What does the dorsal cavity contain?
The brain and spinal cord.
What are the subdivisions of the ventral cavity?
Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.
What is extension?
A movement that increases the angle between two body parts.
Which organs are located in the Left Iliac region?
Sigmoid colon, descending colon.
Why are anatomical terms important?
They are vital for referencing or indicating a region of the human body.
What is the primary focus of the term 'Region of the Body'?
It refers to specific areas or divisions of the body for anatomical study.
What is eversion in terms of foot movement?
Moving the soles of the foot away from the median plane.
What is the coronal or frontal plane?
A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
What does invagination refer to?
Folding inwards.
What does 'dorsal' mean in anatomical terms?
Towards the back (posterior).
What is the significance of regional anatomy in clinical practice?
It aids in diagnosis and treatment by providing a framework for locating injuries or diseases.
What is the difference between the Median and Sagittal planes?
The Median plane divides the body equally, while the Sagittal plane can divide it into unequal halves.
What is an example of dorsiflexion?
Standing on the heels.
What does the Coronal/Frontal Plane do?
It divides the body into front and back parts.
What is the purpose of the prone position?
Used to depict posterior body parts.
What are paired directional terms used for?
To compare the relationships of anatomical structures.
Can you provide an example of adduction?
Bringing the arms back to the sides of the body after abduction.
What is the difference between medial and lateral?
Medial refers to being closer to the midline, while lateral refers to being farther from the midline.
What is extension?
To straighten, opposite to flexion, increasing the angle between two bones.
What encloses the thoracic cavity?
A bony framework and supporting muscles.
What organs are found in the right lower quadrant?
Caecum, appendix, right ureter, right ovary, and fallopian tube.
What do superficial and deep indicate?
Superficial refers to structures closer to the surface, while deep refers to structures further away from the surface.
What does 'interior' mean in relation to hollow organs?
It refers to the inside of a hollow organ.
What are body cavities?
Spaces within the body that contain internal organs.
What is an example of flexion in the knee?
Bending the knee to bring the heel towards the buttocks.
What is 'invagination' in anatomical terms?
It refers to the inward folding of a structure.
What does 'evagination' mean?
It refers to the outward folding or protrusion of a structure.
What is extension of the spine?
Bending backward at the waist.
What is hyperextension?
A movement that extends beyond the normal range of motion.
What is abduction?
A movement that moves a limb away from the midline of the body.
What is the sagittal plane?
A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right parts.
What does the transverse or horizontal plane do?
Divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) parts.
What does the term 'superficial' mean in anatomical terms?
Towards the surface of the body.
What are the three types of anatomical terms used to describe the body?
Body positions, anatomical planes, and directional terms.
What is the meaning of 'posterior' in anatomical terms?
Towards the back.
What is the purpose of the supine position?
Used to depict anterior body parts.
What does 'superior' refer to in anatomy?
Towards the head.
What does the cranial cavity enclose?
The brain.
What does inward rotation refer to?
Medial rotation.
What term describes a position closer to the head?
Superior.
What does outward rotation refer to?
Lateral rotation.
What does 'proximal' refer to in directional terms?
It refers to a position closer to the point of attachment of a limb.
What is the anatomical position?
A standard position where the body is standing upright, facing forward, with arms at the sides and palms facing forward.
What does the term 'medial' refer to?
A position closer to the midline of the body.
What is adduction in terms of body movements?
Adduction is the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.
What do 'palmar' and 'plantar' refer to?
'Palmar' refers to the palm of the hand, while 'plantar' refers to the sole of the foot.
Give an example of hyperextension.
Moving the head backward.
What important structures are found in the Right Hypochondriac region?
Right kidney, gallbladder, liver, duodenum.
What is microscopic anatomy also referred to as?
Histology.
What term is used for a position toward the back of the body?
Posterior (or dorsal).
What does 'distal' mean in relation to body positions?
Farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.
What is flexion?
A movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.
What structures are located in the Umbilical region?
Stomach, pancreas, transverse colon, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, umbilicus.
What structures are found in the Hypogastric region?
Reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, urinary bladder.
What is supination?
A movement that turns the palm upward or forward.
What is gross anatomy?
The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye.
What is developmental anatomy also known as?
Embryology.
What is an example of extension in the knee?
Straightening the knee to return the leg to a standing position.
What is located in the Right Lumbar region?
Ascending colon, duodenum and jejunum, lower portion of the right kidney, lower right tip of the liver.
Which organs are found in the Left Lumbar region?
Descending colon, duodenum and jejunum, lower portion of the left kidney.
What is dorsiflexion?
A movement that brings the toes closer to the shin.
What is adduction?
A movement that moves a limb toward the midline of the body.
What is circumduction?
A circular movement that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
What important structures are found in the Right Iliac region?
Cecum, appendix, ascending colon.
What is appendicitis?
Inflammation of the appendix, resulting in pain in the Right Iliac Region.
What is pronation?
A movement that turns the palm downward or backward.
What is plantar flexion?
A movement that points the toes away from the shin.
What is eversion?
A movement that turns the sole of the foot outward.
What is anatomy?
The study of the structure of the human body and the relationship of different parts to each other.
What is inversion?
A movement that turns the sole of the foot inward.
What does surface anatomy refer to?
Topographic anatomy.
