What is facilitated diffusion?
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Facilitated diffusion requires carrier proteins to help larger molecules pass through the cell membrane.
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What is facilitated diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion requires carrier proteins to help larger molecules pass through the cell membrane.
What is the role of concentration gradients in nutrient absorption?
A concentration gradient is necessary for faster absorption; nutrients move from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
What is the main function of the large intestine?
The main function of the large intestine is to absorb water and form feces.
What are enterocytes?
Enterocytes are the cells lining the small intestine that are responsible for nutrient absorption.
What is passive diffusion?
Passive diffusion is the movement of small molecules from a region of high concentration to low concentration without energy use.
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
The building blocks of carbohydrates are monosaccharides, such as glucose, fructose, and galactose.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for bodily functions.
How do nutrients get absorbed in the small intestine?
Nutrients are absorbed through a moist surface, allowing them to dissolve in water for easier absorption.
What transport systems are involved in nutrient absorption?
Nutrients are transported through capillaries linked to the blood circulation and lacteals linked to the lymphatic system.
What are the different types of nutrient transport mechanisms?
Nutrient transport mechanisms include passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
What is active transport?
Active transport involves moving nutrients from low to high concentration using energy.
What nutrients can be absorbed directly without digestion?
Vitamins, minerals, and alcohol can be absorbed directly without the need for digestion.
What happens to feces if water absorption is inefficient?
If water absorption is inefficient, feces can become watery, leading to diarrhea.
How does the large intestine contribute to fermentation?
The large intestine contains microflora that ferment undigested waste, aiding in nutrient absorption.
What is lactose intolerance?
Lactose intolerance is the inability to digest lactose due to insufficient lactase enzyme.
How are carbohydrates classified?
Carbohydrates are classified into simple carbohydrates (sugars) and complex carbohydrates (starches).
What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?
Simple carbohydrates are quickly absorbed and sweet, while complex carbohydrates take longer to digest and are not sweet.
What is the process of hydrolysis in carbohydrate digestion?
Hydrolysis is the process of breaking down disaccharides into monosaccharides using water and enzymes.
What structures increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine?
The small intestine has folds, villi, and microvilli, collectively known as the brush border.
What is the primary function of the small intestine in the gastrointestinal tract?
The small intestine is specifically designed for efficient absorption of nutrients.
