What is Stratified squamous epithelium?
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A type of epithelium that has many cell layers, with outer cells mostly flattened and deeper cells that may be cuboidal or columnar. It is found in the outer portion of the skin and in body orifices.
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What is Stratified squamous epithelium?
A type of epithelium that has many cell layers, with outer cells mostly flattened and deeper cells that may be cuboidal or columnar. It is found in the outer portion of the skin and in body orifices.
What is Fibrocartilage?
Fibrocartilage is a type of cartilage whose matrix contains strong collagen fibers, which absorb shock and reduce friction between joints. It is found between the vertebrae and in the knee joint.
What is Connective Tissue?
Tissue that binds cells together to form tissues, tissues together to form organs, and muscles and bones together to form the musculoskeletal system.
What are Mucous membranes?
Mucous membranes line the interior walls of the organs and tubes that open to the outside of the body, consisting of epithelium overlying a layer of loose connective tissue, and contain goblet cells that secrete mucus.
What are Goblet cells?
Goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus, found within mucous membranes.
What is an Adhesion junction?
A type of extracellular junction that provides mechanical stability by anchoring cells together.
What is the role of skin in the context of tissues within an organ?
Skin serves as a protective barrier and is composed of multiple tissue types, including epithelial, connective, and nervous tissues.
What are Osteocytes?
Osteocytes are the bone cells that maintain the bone matrix and communicate with other bone cells.
What is Spongy Bone?
Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, is a lighter, less dense type of bone found inside bones, characterized by a porous structure.
Where is Smooth Muscle found?
Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow viscera (organs).
What is Transitional Epithelium?
Transitional Epithelium is a type of epithelial tissue that changes shape in response to tension and is located in the urinary bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra, allowing these organs to stretch.
What is the structure of Epithelial Tissue?
Epithelial Tissue is characterized by tightly packed cells, a free surface, a basement membrane, and is mostly avascular (lacking blood supply).
What is Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium?
A type of epithelial tissue that appears to be stratified due to varying cell heights but is actually a single layer, often containing cilia and found in the respiratory tract.
What are Glands?
Glands are structures having one or more cells that produce and secrete a product, primarily composed of epithelium.
What are the characteristics of Smooth Muscle?
Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped and operate involuntarily, meaning they are not under conscious control.
What is the Cutaneous membrane?
The Cutaneous membrane, or skin, forms the outer covering of the body and consists of an outer portion of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium attached to a thick layer of dense connective tissue.
What is Simple Cuboidal Epithelium?
A single layer of cube-shaped cells attached to a basement membrane, found in glands where its function is secretion, covering the ovaries, and lining most of the kidney tubules for absorption and secretion.
What are the functions of Connective Tissue?
Binds structures (cell to cell, tissues to tissue/organs, and muscles with bones) together, provides support and protection, produces blood cells, and stores fat.
What is Reticular connective tissue?
A type of connective tissue characterized by reticular cells and a matrix that contains only reticular fibers, found in organs such as the liver, spleen, thymus, and red bone marrow.
What is Smooth Muscle (visceral muscle)?
Smooth muscle is a type of muscle tissue that is spindle-shaped, not under voluntary control (involuntary), and is found in the walls of hollow viscera (organs).
What are Neurons?
Neurons are the cells in nervous tissue that generate and conduct nerve signals.
What is Simple columnar epithelium?
A type of epithelial tissue where cells are longer than they are wide, lining digestive organs and uterine tubes.
What are Glial Cells?
Glial cells are non-neuronal cells in nervous tissue that provide support, protection, and nourishment to neurons.
What does the prefix Osteo- refer to?
The prefix Osteo- refers to bone.
What is Stratified cuboidal epithelium?
A type of epithelial tissue that often has only two layers and is mostly found lining the larger ducts of certain glands, such as sweat gland ducts.
What is Dense connective tissue?
A type of connective tissue that has thick bundles of collagen fibers.
What is Simple Columnar Epithelium?
A type of epithelial tissue characterized by a single layer of tall, column-like cells that are involved in absorption and secretion.
What is Skeletal Muscle?
Skeletal Muscle is a type of voluntary muscle attached to the bones of the skeleton, causing movement of body parts, characterized by a cylindrical shape, long fibers, multiple peripherally located nuclei, and a striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.
What are reticular cells?
The cells that make up reticular connective tissue.
What are the three types of cartilage?
The three types of cartilage are hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage.
What is Nervous Tissue?
Nervous tissue is a specialized tissue responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body, facilitating communication between different body parts.
What are intercalated disks?
Intercalated disks are specialized connections between cardiac muscle cells that allow for synchronized contraction and communication between the cells.
What is the function of the Axon?
The Axon conducts nerve impulses away from the neuron.
What are Squamous Cells?
Flat, scale-like epithelial cells that are wider than they are tall.
What are Neuroglia?
Neuroglia are the supportive cells in nervous tissue that assist neurons.
What is Adipose Tissue?
Adipose Tissue is a type of Loose Connective Tissue that stores fat and is primarily located in the hypodermis, providing insulation and energy storage.
What do Visceral membranes cover?
Visceral membranes cover internal organs.
What is Fibrocartilage?
Fibrocartilage is a tough, dense type of cartilage that provides support and absorbs shock, commonly found in intervertebral discs.
What is Dense irregular connective tissue?
Dense irregular connective tissue has bundles that run in different directions, providing strength and support, as seen in the dermis.
What are Synovial membranes?
Synovial membranes line freely movable joint cavities, are composed of connective tissue, and secrete synovial fluid that lubricates the ends of bones.
What is Dense regular connective tissue?
A sub-type of dense connective tissue that has parallel bundles of collagen fibers, found in tendons and ligaments.
What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?
A specific type of squamous epithelium that consists of a single layer of flattened cells, facilitating processes like simple diffusion.
What is the function of Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lines parts of the reproductive system and air passageways of the respiratory system.
What is the role of white blood cells (leukocytes)?
White blood cells (leukocytes) are responsible for fighting infection.
What are platelets (thrombocytes) involved in?
Platelets (thrombocytes) are involved in blood clotting.
What is the function of Dendrites?
Dendrites are the parts of a neuron that receive impulses.
What is Stratified Epithelial Tissue?
A type of epithelial tissue that consists of multiple layers of cells.
What is the function of Microglia?
Microglia are a type of neuroglia that act as the primary immune defense in the central nervous system.
What is the function of Nervous tissue?
Nervous tissue functions to communicate signals throughout the body.
What is Dense Regular Connective Tissue?
Dense Regular Connective Tissue is characterized by tightly packed collagen fibers, providing strength and resistance to stretching, commonly found in tendons and ligaments.
What are Squamous Cells?
Flattened cells that make up a type of epithelial tissue.
What does Visceral peritoneum cover?
Visceral peritoneum covers the organs in the abdominopelvic cavity.
What are Meninges?
Protective coverings for the brain and spinal cord, found within the posterior cavity and composed entirely of connective tissue.
What is Bone?
Bone is a type of connective tissue characterized by an extremely hard matrix composed of mineral salts deposited around collagen fibers, making it highly vascular.
What are the functions of Epithelial Tissue?
Epithelial Tissue protects body surfaces (both internal and external), can secrete or absorb substances, and has the ability to divide to replace lost or damaged cells.
What are chondrocytes?
Chondrocytes are the cells found in cartilage, located in small chambers called lacunae.
What is a Gap Junction?
A gap junction is a type of cell junction where plasma membrane channels join, allowing substances to pass between two adjacent cells.
What is a Tissue?
A Tissue is composed of specialized cells of similar structure that perform a common function.
What are the four major types of tissues in the human body?
The four major types of tissues are Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, and Nervous.
Where is Stratified columnar epithelium located?
It is located in parts of the pharynx and in the male urethra.
What are the types of loose connective tissue?
Loose connective tissue includes areolar tissue, adipose tissue, and reticular tissue, which provide support, insulation, and a framework for organs.
What are Astrocytes?
Astrocytes are star-shaped neuroglia that support and maintain the blood-brain barrier, as well as provide nutrients to neurons.
What are Columnar Cells?
Tall, column-like epithelial cells that are taller than they are wide.
What are Ependymal cells?
Ependymal cells are neuroglia that line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, playing a role in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
What does the prefix Thrombo- refer to?
The prefix Thrombo- refers to platelets.
What is Elastic Cartilage?
Elastic Cartilage is a flexible type of cartilage that maintains shape while allowing flexibility, found in structures like the ear lobe.
What is the Peritoneum?
The Peritoneum is a serous membrane within the abdomen.
What is Stratified Columnar ET?
A type of epithelial tissue consisting of multiple layers of elongated cells.
What is Elastic cartilage?
Elastic cartilage is a type of cartilage that contains many elastic fibers and collagen fibers, making it more flexible than hyaline cartilage. It is found in the outer ear.
What are Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)?
Small, biconcave disks that transport oxygen throughout the body.
What is Pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium appears to have more than one layer of cells, but only has one true layer, with each cell touching the basement membrane.
What are red blood cells (erythrocytes)?
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are formed elements in blood that carry oxygen.
What does it mean that Skeletal Muscle is striated?
Skeletal Muscle is described as striated due to the specific arrangement of actin and myosin filaments within the muscle fibers, which creates a banded appearance.
What are muscle fibers?
Muscle fibers, also known as muscle cells, are the individual cells that make up skeletal muscle, characterized by their cylindrical shape and multiple nuclei.
What is Cardiac Muscle?
Cardiac muscle is a type of muscle found only in the walls of the heart that pumps blood and has striations like skeletal muscle. It is involuntary and has a single, centrally located nucleus. Cardiac muscle cells are bound to one another by intercalated disks.
What is the classification of connective tissue?
Connective tissue is classified into two main categories: loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue, each serving different functions and having distinct structural characteristics.
What is Pseudostratified Epithelial Tissue?
A type of epithelial tissue that appears to have multiple layers due to varying cell heights but is actually a single layer.
What is the function of Parietal membranes?
Parietal membranes line the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
What is Simple Epithelial Tissue?
A type of epithelial tissue consisting of a single layer of cells.
What does the suffix -cyte signify?
The suffix -cyte signifies cells that are differentiated.
What is Simple Squamous ET?
A type of epithelial tissue that consists of a single layer of flattened cells.
What types of tissues are found in the skin?
The skin contains epithelial tissue (for protection), connective tissue (for support and structure), and nervous tissue (for sensation).
What is Squamous Epithelium?
A type of epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of flattened cells, found in areas where simple diffusion occurs.
What is Fibrous Connective Tissue?
Fibrous Connective Tissue is a type of connective tissue characterized by the presence of fibroblasts and a web-like arrangement of collagen and elastic fibers.
What are Exocrine glands?
Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their product onto the outer surface or into a cavity.
What are Endocrine glands?
Endocrine glands are ductless glands that secrete their product internally to be transported by the bloodstream.
What is Simple Epithelial Tissue?
A type of epithelial tissue that consists of a single layer of cells.
What is the significance of striations in cardiac muscle?
Striations in cardiac muscle indicate the presence of organized contractile proteins, similar to those found in skeletal muscle, which are essential for its function in pumping blood.
What does the prefix Chondro- signify?
The prefix Chondro- signifies cartilage.
What are Serous membranes?
Serous membranes consist of a layer of simple squamous epithelium overlying a layer of loose connective tissue and secrete serous fluid that lubricates the membranes.
What are Transitional Cells?
Epithelial cells that can change shape, typically found in the urinary bladder.
What are Pleura?
Pleura are serous membranes in the thorax.
What are collagen fibers?
Collagen fibers are a type of fiber found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue that provides strength and support.
What are reticular fibers?
Reticular fibers are thin fibers in connective tissue that form a supportive network.
What is Pseudostratified Columnar ET?
A type of epithelial tissue that appears to be stratified but is actually a single layer of cells of varying heights.
What is Sickle Cell Anemia?
A genetic blood disorder where some red blood cells are abnormally shaped like sickles, leading to various health complications.
What is a Tight junction?
A type of extracellular junction that creates a barrier to prevent the passage of molecules between cells.
What is a Gap junction?
A type of extracellular junction that allows for direct communication between adjacent cells through small channels.
What are the main cell types within Loose (areolar) connective tissue?
The main cell types within Loose (areolar) connective tissue are fibroblasts.
Where is reticular connective tissue found?
In the liver, spleen, thymus, and red bone marrow.
What is Stratified columnar epithelium?
A type of epithelial tissue that consists of multiple layers of columnar cells, modified to perform specific functions, and is not very common.
What are Neurons?
Neurons are the fundamental units of nervous tissue that transmit nerve impulses and consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.
What is the function of Connective tissue?
Connective tissue functions to connect different parts of the body.
What is the purpose of the Synaptic terminal?
The Synaptic terminal communicates with effector cells.
How many nuclei do cardiac muscle cells have?
Cardiac muscle cells have a single, centrally located nucleus.
What does the prefix Erythro- denote?
The prefix Erythro- denotes red blood cells (RBC).
What are the characteristics of Connective Tissue?
Connective tissue has varied degrees of vascularity, contains cells that can divide, has cells that are farther apart than epithelial tissue, and is separated by an extracellular matrix composed of an organic ground substance and different proportions of collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers.
What does the suffix -blast mean?
The suffix -blast refers to immature or undifferentiated cells or forming cells.
What is Stratified Squamous ET?
A type of epithelial tissue consisting of multiple layers of flattened cells, which can be keratinized or non-keratinized.
What is Compact Bone?
Compact bone is a dense and strong type of bone that forms the outer layer of bones, providing strength and support.
What is a Tight Junction?
A tight junction is a type of cell junction where plasma membrane proteins join to form an impermeable barrier between cells.
What is the composition of Loose (areolar) connective tissue?
Loose (areolar) connective tissue contains many collagen and elastic fibers arranged in a web-like structure.
What is Adipose tissue?
Adipose tissue is a type of loose connective tissue where the cells enlarge and store fat, commonly known as fat cells.
What is the function of Epithelial tissue?
Epithelial tissue functions to cover surfaces.
What are Fixed cells?
Fixed cells are cells that remain in a specific location within the tissue and do not move throughout the body.
What is dense connective tissue?
Dense connective tissue is characterized by a high concentration of collagen fibers, providing strength and resistance to stretching, and includes types such as dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue.
What role does reticular tissue play?
Reticular tissue forms a supportive framework for organs such as the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, facilitating the function of these organs.
What is Hyaline Cartilage?
Hyaline Cartilage is a type of cartilage that provides support and flexibility, found in structures like the tracheal ring and joints.
What is Simple Cuboidal ET?
A type of epithelial tissue made up of a single layer of cube-shaped cells.
What is the characteristic of cartilage regarding its vascularity?
Cartilage is avascular, meaning it lacks blood vessels, which contributes to its slow healing process when damaged.
What is hyaline cartilage?
Hyaline cartilage is the most common type of cartilage, containing only collagen fibers, and is found in the nose, ends of long bones, ribs, and supporting rings of the trachea.
What is the matrix of blood called?
The matrix of blood is called plasma.
What is fibrocartilage?
Fibrocartilage is a tough, dense type of cartilage that provides support and absorbs shock, found in intervertebral discs and joint capsules.
What is the function of the Axon?
The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles.
What does the prefix Leuko- indicate?
The prefix Leuko- indicates white blood cells (WBC).
What is Stratified Epithelial Tissue?
A type of epithelial tissue made up of multiple layers of cells.
What are the types of Muscle Tissue?
The types of Muscle Tissue include skeletal, smooth, and cardiac, each with distinct functions and structures.
What does Parietal peritoneum line?
Parietal peritoneum lines the abdominopelvic wall.
What is an Adhesion Junction?
An adhesion junction, also known as a desmosome, is a type of cell junction where adjacent plasma membranes are held together by extracellular filaments.
What is hyaline cartilage?
Hyaline cartilage is a type of cartilage that provides support and flexibility, characterized by a glossy, translucent appearance.
What is the role of the Soma in a neuron?
The Soma contains the nucleus of the neuron.
What does it mean that cardiac muscle is involuntary?
Involuntary means that cardiac muscle functions without conscious control, similar to smooth muscle.
What is the role of Dendrites?
Dendrites are branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body.
What is the function of adipose tissue?
Adipose tissue stores energy in the form of fat, provides insulation, and serves as a cushion for organs.
What are Cuboidal Cells?
Cube-shaped epithelial cells that are approximately equal in height and width.
What are Schwann cells?
Schwann cells are neuroglia located outside the brain or spinal cord that produce myelin for peripheral nerves.
What does Visceral pleura cover?
Visceral pleura covers the surface of the lungs.
What are Columnar Cells?
Elongated cells that are found in specific types of epithelial tissue.
What is Stratified Cuboidal ET?
A type of epithelial tissue made up of multiple layers of cube-shaped cells.
What is elastic cartilage?
Elastic cartilage is a type of cartilage that contains a high concentration of elastic fibers, allowing it to maintain shape while being flexible.
What are Neuroglia?
Neuroglia are support cells in the nervous system that are more numerous than nervous tissue cells and provide nourishment and support to neurons.
What is the function of Muscular tissue?
Muscular tissue functions to contract and enable movement.
What is the role of the extracellular matrix in Connective Tissue?
The extracellular matrix binds, supports, and provides a medium through which substances may be transferred.
What are Cuboidal Cells?
Square-shaped cells that are characteristic of certain types of epithelial tissue.
What is Simple Columnar ET?
A type of epithelial tissue consisting of a single layer of elongated cells.
What is Loose Connective Tissue?
Loose Connective Tissue, such as Areolar CT, supports and binds other tissues, found underlying epithelium and connecting it to organs like the lung and heart.
What are Oligodendrocytes?
Oligodendrocytes are neuroglia that produce myelin in the central nervous system, which insulates axons and enhances signal transmission.
What is the role of Parietal pleura?
Parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall.
What is the Pericardium?
The Pericardium is a serous membrane that covers the heart.
What are elastic fibers?
Elastic fibers are a type of fiber in connective tissue that allows for flexibility and resilience.
What is Nervous Tissue?
Nervous Tissue consists of neurons and neuroglia, responsible for transmitting signals and supporting neuronal function.
What is Transitional ET?
A type of epithelial tissue that can change shape, typically found in the urinary bladder.