SEHH2233-2324-S1-Ch4-Body-Tissues-and-Membrane

A type of epithelium that has many cell layers, with outer cells mostly flattened and deeper cells that may be cuboidal or columnar. It is found in the outer portion of the skin and in body orifices.

Fibrocartilage is a type of cartilage whose matrix contains strong collagen fibers, which absorb shock and reduce friction between joints. It is found between the vertebrae and in the knee joint.

Tissue that binds cells together to form tissues, tissues together to form organs, and muscles and bones together to form the musculoskeletal system.

Mucous membranes line the interior walls of the organs and tubes that open to the outside of the body, consisting of epithelium overlying a layer of loose connective tissue, and contain goblet cells that secrete mucus.

Goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus, found within mucous membranes.

A type of extracellular junction that provides mechanical stability by anchoring cells together.

Skin serves as a protective barrier and is composed of multiple tissue types, including epithelial, connective, and nervous tissues.

Osteocytes are the bone cells that maintain the bone matrix and communicate with other bone cells.

Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, is a lighter, less dense type of bone found inside bones, characterized by a porous structure.

Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow viscera (organs).

Transitional Epithelium is a type of epithelial tissue that changes shape in response to tension and is located in the urinary bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra, allowing these organs to stretch.

Epithelial Tissue is characterized by tightly packed cells, a free surface, a basement membrane, and is mostly avascular (lacking blood supply).

A type of epithelial tissue that appears to be stratified due to varying cell heights but is actually a single layer, often containing cilia and found in the respiratory tract.

Glands are structures having one or more cells that produce and secrete a product, primarily composed of epithelium.

Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped and operate involuntarily, meaning they are not under conscious control.

The Cutaneous membrane, or skin, forms the outer covering of the body and consists of an outer portion of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium attached to a thick layer of dense connective tissue.

A single layer of cube-shaped cells attached to a basement membrane, found in glands where its function is secretion, covering the ovaries, and lining most of the kidney tubules for absorption and secretion.

Binds structures (cell to cell, tissues to tissue/organs, and muscles with bones) together, provides support and protection, produces blood cells, and stores fat.

A type of connective tissue characterized by reticular cells and a matrix that contains only reticular fibers, found in organs such as the liver, spleen, thymus, and red bone marrow.

Smooth muscle is a type of muscle tissue that is spindle-shaped, not under voluntary control (involuntary), and is found in the walls of hollow viscera (organs).

Neurons are the cells in nervous tissue that generate and conduct nerve signals.

A type of epithelial tissue where cells are longer than they are wide, lining digestive organs and uterine tubes.

Glial cells are non-neuronal cells in nervous tissue that provide support, protection, and nourishment to neurons.

The prefix Osteo- refers to bone.

A type of epithelial tissue that often has only two layers and is mostly found lining the larger ducts of certain glands, such as sweat gland ducts.

A type of connective tissue that has thick bundles of collagen fibers.

A type of epithelial tissue characterized by a single layer of tall, column-like cells that are involved in absorption and secretion.

Skeletal Muscle is a type of voluntary muscle attached to the bones of the skeleton, causing movement of body parts, characterized by a cylindrical shape, long fibers, multiple peripherally located nuclei, and a striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.

The cells that make up reticular connective tissue.

The three types of cartilage are hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage.

Nervous tissue is a specialized tissue responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body, facilitating communication between different body parts.

Intercalated disks are specialized connections between cardiac muscle cells that allow for synchronized contraction and communication between the cells.

The Axon conducts nerve impulses away from the neuron.

Flat, scale-like epithelial cells that are wider than they are tall.

Neuroglia are the supportive cells in nervous tissue that assist neurons.

Adipose Tissue is a type of Loose Connective Tissue that stores fat and is primarily located in the hypodermis, providing insulation and energy storage.

Visceral membranes cover internal organs.

Fibrocartilage is a tough, dense type of cartilage that provides support and absorbs shock, commonly found in intervertebral discs.

Dense irregular connective tissue has bundles that run in different directions, providing strength and support, as seen in the dermis.

Synovial membranes line freely movable joint cavities, are composed of connective tissue, and secrete synovial fluid that lubricates the ends of bones.

A sub-type of dense connective tissue that has parallel bundles of collagen fibers, found in tendons and ligaments.

A specific type of squamous epithelium that consists of a single layer of flattened cells, facilitating processes like simple diffusion.

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lines parts of the reproductive system and air passageways of the respiratory system.

White blood cells (leukocytes) are responsible for fighting infection.

Platelets (thrombocytes) are involved in blood clotting.

Dendrites are the parts of a neuron that receive impulses.

A type of epithelial tissue that consists of multiple layers of cells.

Microglia are a type of neuroglia that act as the primary immune defense in the central nervous system.

Nervous tissue functions to communicate signals throughout the body.

Dense Regular Connective Tissue is characterized by tightly packed collagen fibers, providing strength and resistance to stretching, commonly found in tendons and ligaments.

Flattened cells that make up a type of epithelial tissue.

Visceral peritoneum covers the organs in the abdominopelvic cavity.

Protective coverings for the brain and spinal cord, found within the posterior cavity and composed entirely of connective tissue.

Bone is a type of connective tissue characterized by an extremely hard matrix composed of mineral salts deposited around collagen fibers, making it highly vascular.

Epithelial Tissue protects body surfaces (both internal and external), can secrete or absorb substances, and has the ability to divide to replace lost or damaged cells.

Chondrocytes are the cells found in cartilage, located in small chambers called lacunae.

A gap junction is a type of cell junction where plasma membrane channels join, allowing substances to pass between two adjacent cells.

A Tissue is composed of specialized cells of similar structure that perform a common function.

The four major types of tissues are Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, and Nervous.

It is located in parts of the pharynx and in the male urethra.

Loose connective tissue includes areolar tissue, adipose tissue, and reticular tissue, which provide support, insulation, and a framework for organs.

Astrocytes are star-shaped neuroglia that support and maintain the blood-brain barrier, as well as provide nutrients to neurons.

Tall, column-like epithelial cells that are taller than they are wide.

Ependymal cells are neuroglia that line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, playing a role in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

The prefix Thrombo- refers to platelets.

Elastic Cartilage is a flexible type of cartilage that maintains shape while allowing flexibility, found in structures like the ear lobe.

The Peritoneum is a serous membrane within the abdomen.

A type of epithelial tissue consisting of multiple layers of elongated cells.

Elastic cartilage is a type of cartilage that contains many elastic fibers and collagen fibers, making it more flexible than hyaline cartilage. It is found in the outer ear.

Small, biconcave disks that transport oxygen throughout the body.

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium appears to have more than one layer of cells, but only has one true layer, with each cell touching the basement membrane.

Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are formed elements in blood that carry oxygen.

Skeletal Muscle is described as striated due to the specific arrangement of actin and myosin filaments within the muscle fibers, which creates a banded appearance.

Muscle fibers, also known as muscle cells, are the individual cells that make up skeletal muscle, characterized by their cylindrical shape and multiple nuclei.

Cardiac muscle is a type of muscle found only in the walls of the heart that pumps blood and has striations like skeletal muscle. It is involuntary and has a single, centrally located nucleus. Cardiac muscle cells are bound to one another by intercalated disks.

Connective tissue is classified into two main categories: loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue, each serving different functions and having distinct structural characteristics.

A type of epithelial tissue that appears to have multiple layers due to varying cell heights but is actually a single layer.

Parietal membranes line the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

A type of epithelial tissue consisting of a single layer of cells.

The suffix -cyte signifies cells that are differentiated.

A type of epithelial tissue that consists of a single layer of flattened cells.

The skin contains epithelial tissue (for protection), connective tissue (for support and structure), and nervous tissue (for sensation).

A type of epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of flattened cells, found in areas where simple diffusion occurs.

Fibrous Connective Tissue is a type of connective tissue characterized by the presence of fibroblasts and a web-like arrangement of collagen and elastic fibers.

Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their product onto the outer surface or into a cavity.

Endocrine glands are ductless glands that secrete their product internally to be transported by the bloodstream.

A type of epithelial tissue that consists of a single layer of cells.

Striations in cardiac muscle indicate the presence of organized contractile proteins, similar to those found in skeletal muscle, which are essential for its function in pumping blood.

The prefix Chondro- signifies cartilage.

Serous membranes consist of a layer of simple squamous epithelium overlying a layer of loose connective tissue and secrete serous fluid that lubricates the membranes.

Epithelial cells that can change shape, typically found in the urinary bladder.

Pleura are serous membranes in the thorax.

Collagen fibers are a type of fiber found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue that provides strength and support.

Reticular fibers are thin fibers in connective tissue that form a supportive network.

A type of epithelial tissue that appears to be stratified but is actually a single layer of cells of varying heights.

A genetic blood disorder where some red blood cells are abnormally shaped like sickles, leading to various health complications.

A type of extracellular junction that creates a barrier to prevent the passage of molecules between cells.

A type of extracellular junction that allows for direct communication between adjacent cells through small channels.

The main cell types within Loose (areolar) connective tissue are fibroblasts.

In the liver, spleen, thymus, and red bone marrow.

A type of epithelial tissue that consists of multiple layers of columnar cells, modified to perform specific functions, and is not very common.

Neurons are the fundamental units of nervous tissue that transmit nerve impulses and consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.

Connective tissue functions to connect different parts of the body.

The Synaptic terminal communicates with effector cells.

Cardiac muscle cells have a single, centrally located nucleus.

The prefix Erythro- denotes red blood cells (RBC).

Connective tissue has varied degrees of vascularity, contains cells that can divide, has cells that are farther apart than epithelial tissue, and is separated by an extracellular matrix composed of an organic ground substance and different proportions of collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers.

The suffix -blast refers to immature or undifferentiated cells or forming cells.

A type of epithelial tissue consisting of multiple layers of flattened cells, which can be keratinized or non-keratinized.

Compact bone is a dense and strong type of bone that forms the outer layer of bones, providing strength and support.

A tight junction is a type of cell junction where plasma membrane proteins join to form an impermeable barrier between cells.

Loose (areolar) connective tissue contains many collagen and elastic fibers arranged in a web-like structure.

Adipose tissue is a type of loose connective tissue where the cells enlarge and store fat, commonly known as fat cells.

Epithelial tissue functions to cover surfaces.

Fixed cells are cells that remain in a specific location within the tissue and do not move throughout the body.

Dense connective tissue is characterized by a high concentration of collagen fibers, providing strength and resistance to stretching, and includes types such as dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue.

Reticular tissue forms a supportive framework for organs such as the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, facilitating the function of these organs.

Hyaline Cartilage is a type of cartilage that provides support and flexibility, found in structures like the tracheal ring and joints.

A type of epithelial tissue made up of a single layer of cube-shaped cells.

Cartilage is avascular, meaning it lacks blood vessels, which contributes to its slow healing process when damaged.

Hyaline cartilage is the most common type of cartilage, containing only collagen fibers, and is found in the nose, ends of long bones, ribs, and supporting rings of the trachea.

The matrix of blood is called plasma.

Fibrocartilage is a tough, dense type of cartilage that provides support and absorbs shock, found in intervertebral discs and joint capsules.

The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles.

The prefix Leuko- indicates white blood cells (WBC).

A type of epithelial tissue made up of multiple layers of cells.

The types of Muscle Tissue include skeletal, smooth, and cardiac, each with distinct functions and structures.

Parietal peritoneum lines the abdominopelvic wall.

An adhesion junction, also known as a desmosome, is a type of cell junction where adjacent plasma membranes are held together by extracellular filaments.

Hyaline cartilage is a type of cartilage that provides support and flexibility, characterized by a glossy, translucent appearance.

The Soma contains the nucleus of the neuron.

Involuntary means that cardiac muscle functions without conscious control, similar to smooth muscle.

Dendrites are branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body.

Adipose tissue stores energy in the form of fat, provides insulation, and serves as a cushion for organs.

Cube-shaped epithelial cells that are approximately equal in height and width.

Schwann cells are neuroglia located outside the brain or spinal cord that produce myelin for peripheral nerves.

Visceral pleura covers the surface of the lungs.

Elongated cells that are found in specific types of epithelial tissue.

A type of epithelial tissue made up of multiple layers of cube-shaped cells.

Elastic cartilage is a type of cartilage that contains a high concentration of elastic fibers, allowing it to maintain shape while being flexible.

Neuroglia are support cells in the nervous system that are more numerous than nervous tissue cells and provide nourishment and support to neurons.

Muscular tissue functions to contract and enable movement.

The extracellular matrix binds, supports, and provides a medium through which substances may be transferred.

Square-shaped cells that are characteristic of certain types of epithelial tissue.

A type of epithelial tissue consisting of a single layer of elongated cells.

Loose Connective Tissue, such as Areolar CT, supports and binds other tissues, found underlying epithelium and connecting it to organs like the lung and heart.

Oligodendrocytes are neuroglia that produce myelin in the central nervous system, which insulates axons and enhances signal transmission.

Parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall.

The Pericardium is a serous membrane that covers the heart.

Elastic fibers are a type of fiber in connective tissue that allows for flexibility and resilience.

Nervous Tissue consists of neurons and neuroglia, responsible for transmitting signals and supporting neuronal function.

A type of epithelial tissue that can change shape, typically found in the urinary bladder.