editable Research-Seminar-Handouts-1 (1)

Ranzolin G. Bayeta, PhD.

They should help maintain focus on the main goal of the research.

Hermeneutic phenomenology focuses on interpreting experiences, while transcendental phenomenology sets aside pre-existing beliefs.

The subject matter, setting, respondents, and optionally the time period of the study.

It helps you stay focused and realistic about what your research can achieve.

Gaps concerning the methods used to conduct research, indicating a need for new or improved methods.

It should concentrate on one specific issue, avoiding broad questions.

Gaps about how research findings are applied in real life, needing more research on effective practices.

From general to specific.

Persuasive language.

The boundaries set for the study, including choices about what to include or exclude.

Work habits, writing skills, organizing and planning, research understanding, intellectual ability, and interpersonal skills.

To provide clarity on the subject matter.

The variable that gets measured in the study to see the effect of the independent variable.

Context and details to help the reader understand the research problem.

The variable that the researcher changes or observes to see how it affects something else.

Time for data collection, access to data, necessary research skills, and need for ethical approval.

To clarify where data will be gathered.

The period over which data will be collected.

Your aims and priorities.

Because it helps to justify the relevance of the study.

Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods.

Novelty, highlighting what's new and unique in your research.

It ensures clarity and specificity in your explanations.

Questions that aim to describe a situation or phenomenon, such as 'What types of exercise do high-performing UK executives engage in?'

Pointing out what hasn't been studied yet and what questions still need answers.

Overall research objectives, sampling methods, data collection methods, and data analysis methods.

Investigating a single individual or group to gain an in-depth understanding of their experiences.

Clear and simple language, avoiding jargon.

Definitions that specify the procedures or methods used to quantify a concept.

The reasons behind a change that has already occurred by comparing two groups.

A concise summary outlining the issue the research aims to address, including context, specific problem, relevance, and objectives.

The exact issue that needs further investigation and what is lacking in current understanding.

By relating it to larger issues, current trends, debates, or challenges in your field.

They look at the similarities and differences between two or more things, like 'How do exercise preferences vary between middle-aged men across three American cities?'

Gaps related to understanding theories or ideas, needing more research to connect concepts or develop new theories.

Examples help readers grasp the definitions and see their relevance.

To identify and measure the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them.

When exploring potential relationships between variables that cannot be manipulated for ethical, practical, or logistical reasons.

Practical significance, societal significance, and future research.

Understanding the meanings and experiences associated with constructs and concepts.

The name or heading of a research paper or project that summarizes the main topic.

It ensures consistency, reliability, and validity throughout the study.

Areas where we don't know enough about a topic, such as understanding disease spread or new technology.

Measuring variables and describing frequencies, averages, and correlations.

To set the boundaries for the project and define what the research will cover.

Concepts are more specific elements that make up constructs, like 'gender identity' within 'identity.'

Participants must be willing to serve in the study.

The overall plan, structure, or strategy that guides a research project.

'Intentionality,' meaning our minds are directed toward specific objects or experiences.

Factors that can affect your study but are outside your control.

To reveal the true essence of how we experience and interpret the world.

To ensure that anyone reading it can easily understand what is being studied.

A specific gap in existing knowledge.

Definitions that explain what a term means in simple, theoretical terms.

Understanding subjective experiences, beliefs, and concepts.

Purpose, Subject and Variables, Location, Timeframe, Population, and Research Methods.

Honesty, compassion, and respect for all participants and communities involved.

As a structured inquiry that utilizes acceptable scientific methodology to solve problems and create new knowledge.

What your research will focus on, including target population and study duration.

Research objectives, whether to use primary or secondary research, and data collection methods.

They explore the relationship between variables, like 'What is the relationship between exercise and mental health?'

It means the question can be answered with the available resources and data.

To present a comprehensive overview of the research process, guiding students from the initial formulation of research questions to the conclusions.

By adding new information, repeating previous studies, or highlighting underrepresented voices.

To determine if there is a causal relationship between two or more variables by manipulating one variable while controlling others.

Introduce the broad topic.

Studying human experiences in their most basic form and how people perceive the world around them.

The goals of the research and the methods or approaches planned to address the problem.

To explain why your research is important and how it contributes to the field.

Gaps involving missing or incomplete data, such as lacking data from specific groups.

A research method studying one person, event, or situation in great detail.

Characteristics that can be measured with numbers and exist on a scale.

Clearly define it and ensure your question is directly related to it.

The ability to conduct a thorough literature review, including finding, evaluating, and synthesizing existing research.

Individuals or groups affected by the problem being studied.

To explain why the problem is significant and how solving it will benefit the field or society.

Boundaries you set for your study, indicating what is intentionally excluded.

Phenomenological epoche, or bracketing.

Limited funds, unexpected events, time constraints, lack of technology, and previous research.

Categorical variables that describe differences in categories without a numerical range.

The statement of the problem.

It sets the stage, justifies the study, identifies gaps, and guides the research.

It purely describes the situation without exploring relationships between variables.

Focus on the specific problem related to the broader topic.

To clarify why certain boundaries were set and how they relate to the research question.

Researchers may make misaligned choices in methodology.

Focus, clarity, feasibility, and alignment.

A person, place, thing, or phenomenon that you're trying to measure.

Whether to take a qualitative or quantitative approach.

What is the specific controversy or issue that I need to address?

Background of the Study, Statement of the Problem, Research Questions, Significance of the Study, Scope and Delimitation/Limitation, Definition of Terms.

Conceptual definitions provide theoretical understanding, while operational definitions offer concrete methods for measurement.

The main question your study is trying to answer, guiding your research focus.

It helps keep the project on track and ensures it answers something significant.

It describes the topic, summarizes the main idea, can change during the study, and should be catchy, concise, and crispy.

The specific variables excluded and the reasons for their exclusion.

Choosing to study only students from one school for easier data collection.

It sets clear expectations and makes research more manageable and transparent.

Why your research is important and how it contributes to the field.

Abstract ideas representing the phenomena being studied, such as 'identity' or 'culture.'

Describing existing conditions, behaviors, or characteristics without manipulating variables.

The meaning of lived experiences and how they are perceived by individuals.

By generating insight into a research problem through description of its characteristics.

Summarize what other researchers have found and mention important studies related to your problem.

They investigate the reasons behind or methods of a phenomenon, such as 'Why have bee populations declined in Germany over the last 5 years?'

Recognizing limitations shows awareness of potential weaknesses, enhancing credibility.

The 'how' and 'why' of certain events or outcomes.