p.14
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does the term 'complementarity' refer to in anatomy?
The relationship between a structure's form and its function.
p.19
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
What are negative feedback mechanisms?
Processes that counteract changes in the body to maintain homeostasis.
p.19
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
How do negative feedback mechanisms function?
They detect changes and initiate responses to reverse those changes.
p.12
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is systemic anatomy?
The study of the body's systems, such as the circulatory or respiratory systems.
p.11
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does regional anatomy emphasize?
The relationships and structures within a specific area of the body.
p.28
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
Give an example of a deep structure.
Lungs are deep to the skin.
p.6
Learning Strategies for Anatomy and Physiology
What is a good way to recharge during study sessions?
Taking short breaks to relax and refresh your mind.
p.39
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What are the two directions of wrist deviation?
Towards the radius (lateral) or towards the ulna (medial).
p.18
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
What is the primary function of the Nervous and Endocrine systems in the body?
To accomplish communication.
p.27
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What do the terms proximal and distal describe?
Locations on extremities (upper limb, lower limb).
p.20
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
Can you give an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?
Childbirth, where the release of oxytocin increases contractions, leading to more oxytocin release.
p.20
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
What role do positive feedback mechanisms play in homeostasis?
They help drive processes to completion, such as childbirth or blood clotting.
p.4
Learning Strategies for Anatomy and Physiology
What types of searches can help enhance your understanding of the material?
Web and library searches.
p.41
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is foot eversion?
The movement of the foot where the sole turns outward.
p.6
Learning Strategies for Anatomy and Physiology
Why are breaks important during studying?
They help improve focus and retention of information.
p.10
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
Why is understanding regional anatomy important?
It helps in clinical practices, surgeries, and understanding the relationships between structures.
p.20
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
What is a positive feedback mechanism?
A process that amplifies a response or increases the output of a system.
p.19
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
What is the primary goal of negative feedback mechanisms?
To maintain stable internal conditions in the body.
p.17
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
Why is maintaining homeostasis important?
To ensure proper body function.
p.27
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
In anatomical terminology, where is the elbow in relation to the shoulder?
The elbow is distal to the shoulder.
p.33
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is animal physiology?
The study of the functions and processes of animals.
p.8
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is anatomy?
The study of the structure of the body.
p.25
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What do the terms anterior and posterior describe?
Structures relative to each other in terms of the 'front' and 'back' of the body.
p.24
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What do the terms superior and inferior describe?
Structures relative to each other in the vertical axis of the body.
p.36
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does abduction refer to in anatomical terminology?
Moving away from the midline of the body.
p.36
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
How can you remember the term adduction?
It means to 'add' to the body.
p.4
Learning Strategies for Anatomy and Physiology
What is a key strategy for staying current with lecture material?
Stay up-to-date with lecture material.
p.23
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does Fig 1.9 illustrate?
Specific concepts related to anatomical terminology.
p.9
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is developmental anatomy?
The study of the changes in the body from conception to adulthood.
p.31
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the definition of flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
p.34
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What are the two types of flexion at the ankle?
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is clinical physiology?
A field that applies physiological principles to clinical practice and patient care.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does the term 'anatomical position' refer to?
A standard position of the body used as a reference point, where the body is standing upright, facing forward, with arms at the sides and palms facing forward.
p.38
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What anatomical term describes the rotation of a limb around its axis?
Internal (Medial) and External (Lateral) Rotation.
p.5
Note-Taking Techniques
What purpose do notes serve in preparation for assessments?
They act as a road map to follow.
p.39
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is wrist deviation?
Lateral flexion at the wrist that moves the hand towards either the radius (lateral) or the ulna (medial).
p.12
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is surface anatomy?
The study of the external features of the body and their relation to deeper structures.
p.12
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is regional anatomy?
The study of specific regions of the body, focusing on the relationships between structures in that area.
p.12
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
How does gross anatomy differ from microscopic anatomy?
Gross anatomy deals with structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy focuses on structures at the cellular level.
p.16
Body Systems and Their Functions
What are the major body systems?
Lymphatic, Cardiovascular, Nervous, Muscular, Skeletal, Respiratory, Digestive, Integumentary, Endocrine, Urinary, Reproductive.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does mammalian physiology encompass?
The study of physiological functions specific to mammals.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does evolutionary physiology examine?
The physiological adaptations of organisms over evolutionary time.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does 'distal' mean in anatomical terms?
Referring to a position farther from the point of attachment or origin.
p.6
Learning Strategies for Anatomy and Physiology
What activities can you do during a break?
Stretching, walking, or having a snack.
p.10
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is the primary focus of systemic anatomy?
The organization and function of organ systems.
p.24
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is an example of inferior in anatomical terminology?
The navel is inferior to the chin.
p.15
Levels of Structural Organization in the Human Body
What are the levels of structural organization in the human body?
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the organism.
p.35
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is lateral flexion?
Moving away from the midline of the body.
p.14
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
How does structure relate to function in biological systems?
The function reflects the structure, meaning they are interdependent.
p.20
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
How does a positive feedback mechanism differ from a negative feedback mechanism?
Positive feedback enhances or accelerates changes, while negative feedback counteracts changes to maintain stability.
p.23
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is anatomical terminology used for?
To describe the locations and relationships of body structures.
p.2
Professor's Background and Research Interests
What is Dr. Jonathan Memme's highest degree?
PhD in Integrative, Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
p.28
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
Give an example of a superficial structure.
Skin is superficial to bones.
p.9
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is systemic anatomy?
The study of the body's systems and their functions.
p.16
Body Systems and Their Functions
What is the function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does nutrition physiology focus on?
The relationship between nutrition and physiological processes.
p.7
Course Overview and Structure
What is the focus of Module 1?
Orientation to the Human Body.
p.5
Note-Taking Techniques
What does science say about handwriting notes?
It supports the effectiveness of handwriting for retention.
p.18
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
What are the two main systems responsible for communication in the body?
The Nervous and Endocrine systems.
p.11
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is systemic anatomy?
A branch of anatomy that studies the body's systems, such as the circulatory or respiratory systems.
p.3
Course Overview and Structure
How can students contact the professor?
By email or in-class discussions.
p.26
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
In anatomical terms, how is the arm positioned relative to the sternum?
The arm is lateral to the sternum.
p.9
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What are the main types of anatomy?
Gross, Regional, Systemic, Surface, Microscopic, and Developmental.
p.27
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
In anatomical terminology, where is the knee in relation to the ankle?
The knee is proximal to the ankle.
p.4
Learning Strategies for Anatomy and Physiology
What should you do if you have questions during class?
Ask questions and contribute to class discussion and activities.
p.33
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is applied physiology?
A branch of physiology that focuses on practical applications of physiological principles.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the purpose of anatomical terminology?
To provide a standardized language for describing the locations and functions of body parts.
p.32
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the definition of flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
p.30
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the definition of flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
p.14
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does the principle of complementarity state?
What a structure can do depends on its specific form.
p.10
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
How does regional anatomy differ from systemic anatomy?
Regional anatomy studies specific regions, while systemic anatomy studies organ systems throughout the body.
p.17
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
What is homeostasis?
The ability of the body’s internal environment to remain relatively stable despite external variations.
p.17
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
How does the body maintain homeostasis?
Through a dynamic state of equilibrium.
p.17
Homeostasis and Its Mechanisms
Do internal conditions in the body remain constant?
No, they vary but remain within narrow limits.
p.27
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does distal mean in anatomical terms?
Further from the midline.
p.23
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does Fig 1.4.3 represent?
Additional aspects of anatomical terminology.
p.37
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the trunk in anatomical terminology?
The central part of the body to which the head, arms, and legs are attached.
p.16
Body Systems and Their Functions
What is the role of the lymphatic system?
To help defend against infections and maintain fluid balance.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is developmental physiology?
The study of physiological changes that occur during an organism's development.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What are the three main planes of the body?
Sagittal, frontal (coronal), and transverse planes.
p.5
Note-Taking Techniques
What is essential for effective note-taking in class?
Paying close attention to information shared in class and from assigned readings.
p.10
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is regional anatomy?
A branch of anatomy that focuses on specific areas of the body and their structures.
p.36
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does adduction refer to in anatomical terminology?
Moving towards the midline of the body.
p.26
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does the term 'medial' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Structures that are closer to the midline of the body.
p.11
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
How does systemic anatomy differ from regional anatomy?
Systemic anatomy focuses on specific systems, while regional anatomy studies specific areas of the body.
p.28
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does the term 'deep' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Away from the body surface.
p.37
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does the term 'head' refer to in anatomical terminology?
The uppermost part of the body containing the brain, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth.
p.37
Types of Movements and Joint Actions
What is rotation in the context of anatomical movements?
Turning about the axis of the body.
p.31
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the definition of extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
p.30
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the definition of extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
p.41
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is foot inversion?
The movement of the foot where the sole turns inward.
p.8
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is physiology?
The study of the function of the body.
p.25
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
Give an example of anterior and posterior.
The vertebral column is posterior to the sternum; the palm is anterior to the back of your hand.
p.24
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is an example of superior in anatomical terminology?
The head is superior to the shoulder.
p.26
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does the term 'lateral' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Structures that are farther from the midline of the body.
p.26
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
In anatomical terms, how is the nose positioned relative to the ears?
The nose is medial to the ears.
p.3
Course Overview and Structure
What resources are available for students in this course?
Open Source Textbook, Announcements, Student Discussion Forum, Lecture content & recordings, Activities Assignments, Exams.
p.2
Professor's Background and Research Interests
What are Dr. Memme's research interests?
Exercise and skeletal muscle physiology, aging and muscle disuse, metabolic health and disease.
p.9
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does surface anatomy involve?
The study of external features and their relation to deeper structures.
p.29
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does 'medial' mean in anatomical terminology?
Referring to a position closer to the midline of the body.
p.4
Learning Strategies for Anatomy and Physiology
What is a crucial part of the learning process during lectures?
Taking notes and staying up-to-date.
p.29
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does exercise physiology study?
The body's responses and adaptations to physical activity.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is muscle physiology?
The study of muscle function and mechanics.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is ecophysiology?
The study of how physiological processes influence and are influenced by the environment.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does 'inferior' mean in anatomical terms?
Referring to a position that is below another part of the body.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does 'proximal' mean in anatomical terms?
Referring to a position closer to the point of attachment or origin.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does 'superior' mean in anatomical terms?
Referring to a position that is above another part of the body.
p.32
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What is the definition of extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
p.21
Anatomical Terminology and Orientation
What does 'lateral' mean in anatomical terminology?
Referring to a position farther from the midline of the body.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What is cardiovascular physiology?
The study of the heart and blood vessels and their functions.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does renal physiology focus on?
The functions of the kidneys and urinary system.
p.13
Definitions of Anatomy and Physiology
What does neurophysiology study?
The functions of the nervous system.
