What is the focus of Module 1?
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Orientation to the Human Body.
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What is the focus of Module 1?
Orientation to the Human Body.
What is foot inversion?
The movement of the foot where the sole turns inward.
What anatomical term describes the rotation of a limb around its axis?
Internal (Medial) and External (Lateral) Rotation.
What is foot eversion?
The movement of the foot where the sole turns outward.
What is anatomy?
The study of the structure of the body.
What is a good way to recharge during study sessions?
Taking short breaks to relax and refresh your mind.
What is lateral flexion?
Moving away from the midline of the body.
What is essential for effective note-taking in class?
Paying close attention to information shared in class and from assigned readings.
Which joints are associated with internal and external rotation?
Shoulder and Hip.
What is the course code for Human Anatomy & Physiology 1 at York University?
GH 1001.
What is physiology?
The study of the function of the body.
What purpose do notes serve in preparation for assessments?
They act as a road map to follow.
Why are breaks important during studying?
They help improve focus and retention of information.
Which parts of the body can perform lateral flexion?
The head and trunk.
What does the principle of complementarity state?
What a structure can do depends on its specific form.
What do the terms anterior and posterior describe?
Structures relative to each other in terms of the 'front' and 'back' of the body.
What is a recommended method for taking notes?
Handwriting your notes.
Who is the professor for Human Anatomy & Physiology 1?
Dr. Jonathan Memme.
What is regional anatomy?
A branch of anatomy that focuses on specific areas of the body and their structures.
What activities can you do during a break?
Stretching, walking, or having a snack.
What does science say about handwriting notes?
It supports the effectiveness of handwriting for retention.
Give an example of anterior and posterior.
The vertebral column is posterior to the sternum; the palm is anterior to the back of your hand.
When is the Human Anatomy & Physiology 1 course offered?
Fall 2024.
What is wrist deviation?
Lateral flexion at the wrist that moves the hand towards either the radius (lateral) or the ulna (medial).
What does the term 'complementarity' refer to in anatomy?
The relationship between a structure's form and its function.
How does regional anatomy differ from systemic anatomy?
Regional anatomy studies specific regions, while systemic anatomy studies organ systems throughout the body.
What do the terms superior and inferior describe?
Structures relative to each other in the vertical axis of the body.
What are the two directions of wrist deviation?
Towards the radius (lateral) or towards the ulna (medial).
How does structure relate to function in biological systems?
The function reflects the structure, meaning they are interdependent.
What is the primary focus of systemic anatomy?
The organization and function of organ systems.
What does adduction refer to in anatomical terminology?
Moving towards the midline of the body.
What are the two main systems responsible for communication in the body?
The Nervous and Endocrine systems.
What is an example of superior in anatomical terminology?
The head is superior to the shoulder.
What is the anatomical term for the position of the forearm when the palm is facing up?
Supination.
Why is understanding regional anatomy important?
It helps in clinical practices, surgeries, and understanding the relationships between structures.
What are negative feedback mechanisms?
Processes that counteract changes in the body to maintain homeostasis.
What is homeostasis?
The ability of the body’s internal environment to remain relatively stable despite external variations.
What does abduction refer to in anatomical terminology?
Moving away from the midline of the body.
What is the primary function of the Nervous and Endocrine systems in the body?
To accomplish communication.
What should you include in the subject line when emailing your professor?
The course code.
What is an example of inferior in anatomical terminology?
The navel is inferior to the chin.
What does the term 'medial' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Structures that are closer to the midline of the body.
What is systemic anatomy?
A branch of anatomy that studies the body's systems, such as the circulatory or respiratory systems.
What is the anatomical term for the position of the forearm when the palm is facing down?
Pronation.
What is surface anatomy?
The study of the external features of the body and their relation to deeper structures.
How do negative feedback mechanisms function?
They detect changes and initiate responses to reverse those changes.
What is a positive feedback mechanism?
A process that amplifies a response or increases the output of a system.
How does the body maintain homeostasis?
Through a dynamic state of equilibrium.
Which joints are commonly associated with adduction and abduction?
Shoulder and hip.
What are the alternative terms for superior and inferior?
Cranial and Caudal.
How does systemic anatomy differ from regional anatomy?
Systemic anatomy focuses on specific systems, while regional anatomy studies specific areas of the body.
How can students contact the professor?
By email or in-class discussions.
What does the term 'lateral' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Structures that are farther from the midline of the body.
Which anatomical region is referred to when discussing supination and pronation?
The forearm.
What is systemic anatomy?
The study of the body's systems, such as the circulatory or respiratory systems.
What is the primary goal of negative feedback mechanisms?
To maintain stable internal conditions in the body.
Do internal conditions in the body remain constant?
No, they vary but remain within narrow limits.
How can you remember the term adduction?
It means to 'add' to the body.
What do the terms proximal and distal describe?
Locations on extremities (upper limb, lower limb).
How does a positive feedback mechanism differ from a negative feedback mechanism?
Positive feedback enhances or accelerates changes, while negative feedback counteracts changes to maintain stability.
What are the levels of structural organization in the human body?
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the organism.
What should students avoid when trying to contact the professor?
Messaging via eClass.
In anatomical terms, how is the arm positioned relative to the sternum?
The arm is lateral to the sternum.
What is an example of a system studied in systemic anatomy?
The circulatory system.
What is regional anatomy?
The study of specific regions of the body, focusing on the relationships between structures in that area.
What is an example of an internal condition that varies?
Core body temperature.
Who is the professor mentioned?
Dr. Jonathan Memme.
What does proximal mean in anatomical terms?
Closer to the midline.
What is a key strategy for staying current with lecture material?
Stay up-to-date with lecture material.
What is anatomical terminology used for?
To describe the locations and relationships of body structures.
Can you give an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?
Childbirth, where the release of oxytocin increases contractions, leading to more oxytocin release.
What does the term 'superficial' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Toward the body surface.
When are office hours or virtual meetings with the professor available?
By appointment.
What is the basic unit of life in the levels of structural organization?
Cell.
In anatomical terms, how is the nose positioned relative to the ears?
The nose is medial to the ears.
How does gross anatomy differ from microscopic anatomy?
Gross anatomy deals with structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy focuses on structures at the cellular level.
What does regional anatomy emphasize?
The relationships and structures within a specific area of the body.
Why is maintaining homeostasis important?
To ensure proper body function.
What does distal mean in anatomical terms?
Further from the midline.
What does Fig 1.9 illustrate?
Specific concepts related to anatomical terminology.
What is Dr. Jonathan Memme's highest degree?
PhD in Integrative, Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
What role do positive feedback mechanisms play in homeostasis?
They help drive processes to completion, such as childbirth or blood clotting.
What should you refer to if needed for additional information?
The textbook.
What does the term 'deep' refer to in anatomical terminology?
Away from the body surface.
What are the main types of anatomy?
Gross, Regional, Systemic, Surface, Microscopic, and Developmental.
What resources are available for students in this course?
Open Source Textbook, Announcements, Student Discussion Forum, Lecture content & recordings, Activities Assignments, Exams.
What level of organization is formed by groups of similar cells?
Tissue.
In anatomical terminology, where is the elbow in relation to the shoulder?
The elbow is distal to the shoulder.
What does Fig 1.4.3 represent?
Additional aspects of anatomical terminology.
What university did Dr. Memme attend for his degrees?
York University.
What types of searches can help enhance your understanding of the material?
Web and library searches.
Give an example of a superficial structure.
Skin is superficial to bones.
What type of anatomy focuses on the structures visible to the naked eye?
Gross anatomy.
What is formed when different types of tissues work together?
Organ.
In anatomical terminology, where is the knee in relation to the ankle?
The knee is proximal to the ankle.
What are Dr. Memme's research interests?
Exercise and skeletal muscle physiology, aging and muscle disuse, metabolic health and disease.
What is important to do before attending class?
Come prepared to class.
Give an example of a deep structure.
Lungs are deep to the skin.
Which type of anatomy studies the body by regions?
Regional anatomy.
What level of organization consists of groups of organs that work together?
Organ system.
What is Dr. Memme's undergraduate degree in?
Kinesiology.
What is a crucial part of the learning process during lectures?
Taking notes and staying up-to-date.
What is systemic anatomy?
The study of the body's systems and their functions.
What is the highest level of structural organization?
Organism.
What personal interest does Dr. Memme have?
He is a dog dad.
What should you do if you have questions during class?
Ask questions and contribute to class discussion and activities.
What does surface anatomy involve?
The study of external features and their relation to deeper structures.
What should you do if you have questions outside of class?
Email the Professor.
What type of anatomy examines structures at the cellular level?
Microscopic anatomy.
What anatomical term refers to the upper part of the body that includes the face and skull?
Head.
What anatomical term refers to the area between the head and the shoulders?
Neck.
What is developmental anatomy?
The study of the changes in the body from conception to adulthood.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the arm to the body?
Shoulder.
What is the anatomical term for the upper part of the body that includes the head and neck?
Head.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the upper arm to the body?
Shoulder.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the arm to the body?
Shoulder.
What is the anatomical term for the joint between the upper arm and forearm?
Elbow.
What is the term for the joint located between the upper arm and the forearm?
Elbow.
What is the anatomical term for the joint between the upper arm and the forearm?
Elbow.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the forearm to the hand?
Wrist.
What anatomical term refers to the joint connecting the forearm to the hand?
Wrist.
What anatomical term refers to the central part of the body?
Trunk.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the forearm to the hand?
Wrist.
What is the term for the central part of the body, excluding the limbs?
Trunk.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the thigh to the pelvis?
Hip.
What is the anatomical term for the central part of the body?
Trunk.
What does the term 'head' refer to in anatomical terminology?
The uppermost part of the body containing the brain, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth.
What anatomical term refers to the joint connecting the thigh to the pelvis?
Hip.
What are the major body systems?
Lymphatic, Cardiovascular, Nervous, Muscular, Skeletal, Respiratory, Digestive, Integumentary, Endocrine, Urinary, Reproductive.
What anatomical term refers to the upper part of the body that includes the face and skull?
Head.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the thigh to the pelvis?
Hip.
What is the trunk in anatomical terminology?
The central part of the body to which the head, arms, and legs are attached.
What is the anatomical term for the joint between the thigh and lower leg?
Knee.
What is the term for the joint located between the thigh and the lower leg?
Knee.
Which body system is responsible for transporting blood and nutrients?
Cardiovascular system.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the arm to the body?
Shoulder.
What is rotation in the context of anatomical movements?
Turning about the axis of the body.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the lower leg to the foot?
Ankle.
What is the anatomical term for the joint between the thigh and the lower leg?
Knee.
What anatomical term refers to the joint connecting the lower leg to the foot?
Ankle.
What body system is involved in the exchange of gases?
Respiratory system.
What is the anatomical term for the joint between the upper arm and the forearm?
Elbow.
What is the definition of flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the lower leg to the foot?
Ankle.
What is flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
Which body system is responsible for movement and posture?
Muscular system.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the forearm to the hand?
Wrist.
What is the definition of extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
What is flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
What is extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
What anatomical term refers to the central part of the body?
Trunk.
What system protects the body from external damage?
Integumentary system.
What is extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the thigh to the pelvis?
Hip.
Which body system regulates hormones?
Endocrine system.
What is the anatomical term for the joint between the thigh and the lower leg?
Knee.
What is the function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the lower leg to the foot?
Ankle.
Which body system is responsible for waste elimination?
Urinary system.
What is applied physiology?
A branch of physiology that focuses on practical applications of physiological principles.
What are the two types of flexion at the ankle?
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion.
What does exercise physiology study?
The body's responses and adaptations to physical activity.
What body system is involved in reproduction?
Reproductive system.
What is clinical physiology?
A field that applies physiological principles to clinical practice and patient care.
Which body system coordinates body activities through electrical signals?
Nervous system.
What anatomical term refers to the upper part of the body that includes the face and skull?
Head.
What does nutrition physiology focus on?
The relationship between nutrition and physiological processes.
What body system provides structural support?
Skeletal system.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the arm to the torso?
Shoulder.
What is animal physiology?
The study of the functions and processes of animals.
What is the role of the lymphatic system?
To help defend against infections and maintain fluid balance.
What is the term for the joint that connects the upper arm to the forearm?
Elbow.
What does mammalian physiology encompass?
The study of physiological functions specific to mammals.
What anatomical term refers to the joint connecting the hand to the forearm?
Wrist.
What is developmental physiology?
The study of physiological changes that occur during an organism's development.
What is the purpose of anatomical terminology?
To provide a standardized language for describing the locations and functions of body parts.
What is the term for the central part of the body, excluding the limbs?
Trunk.
What is ecophysiology?
The study of how physiological processes influence and are influenced by the environment.
What does the term 'anatomical position' refer to?
A standard position of the body used as a reference point, where the body is standing upright, facing forward, with arms at the sides and palms facing forward.
What anatomical term refers to the joint connecting the thigh to the pelvis?
Hip.
What does evolutionary physiology examine?
The physiological adaptations of organisms over evolutionary time.
What are the three main planes of the body?
Sagittal, frontal (coronal), and transverse planes.
What anatomical term refers to the upper part of the body that includes the face and skull?
Head.
What is the term for the joint connecting the thigh to the lower leg?
Knee.
What is cardiovascular physiology?
The study of the heart and blood vessels and their functions.
What does 'superior' mean in anatomical terms?
Referring to a position that is above another part of the body.
What is the anatomical term for the joint connecting the arm to the torso?
Shoulder.
What anatomical term refers to the joint connecting the foot to the lower leg?
Ankle.
What does renal physiology focus on?
The functions of the kidneys and urinary system.
What does 'inferior' mean in anatomical terms?
Referring to a position that is below another part of the body.
What is the definition of flexion in anatomical terms?
Motion that decreases a joint angle.
What is the term for the joint that connects the upper arm to the forearm?
Elbow.
What is muscle physiology?
The study of muscle function and mechanics.
What does 'medial' mean in anatomical terminology?
Referring to a position closer to the midline of the body.
What anatomical term refers to the joint connecting the hand to the forearm?
Wrist.
What is the definition of extension in anatomical terms?
Motion that increases a joint angle.
What does neurophysiology study?
The functions of the nervous system.
What does 'lateral' mean in anatomical terminology?
Referring to a position farther from the midline of the body.
What is the term for the central part of the body, excluding the limbs?
Trunk.
What does 'proximal' mean in anatomical terms?
Referring to a position closer to the point of attachment or origin.
