24-25 BMSN1601 - Anatomy of heart, blood vessels lymphatic system

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What is chordae tendineae?

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Chordae tendineae is a valve that pulled downward by papillary muscle.

*Both left & right ventricles have

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Heart Valves

What is chordae tendineae?

Chordae tendineae is a valve that pulled downward by papillary muscle.

*Both left & right ventricles have

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Mediastinum Anatomy

Where is the heart?

Within middle mediastinum

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Lymphatic System

What is the function of lymphatic system?

Excess interstitial fluid (ISF: fluid surrounding tissue cells) is collected by lymphatic vessels.

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Position of the Heart

The heart is deep to a region between ?? and ?? XXX

2nd and 5th intercostal space (ICS)

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Atrial Fibrillation

What is the potential problem of left appendage?

When atrial fibrillation, it may cause blood stasis( refers to a condition where blood circulation is impaired, leading to a stagnation血液停滯 or pooling血液淤積 of blood in certain areas of the body) and blood clot

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Lymphatic System

Which 2 main branches return excess fluid to blood circulation?

  1. Right lymphatic branches (短R)

  2. Thoracic duct (長L)

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Borders of the Heart

Right border of the heart, runs along a line from ?? to ?? XXX

From 3rd to 6th costal cartilage

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Venous Drainage

What is the pathway of blood from the abdominal organs to the inferior vena cava?

Abdominal organs>Hepatic portal vein>Liver>Hepatic vein>Inferior vena cava

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Heart Valves

What are the two types of atrioventricular valves in the heart ?

Bicuspid (mitral) valve & tricuspid valve

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Structure of the Heart

State the types of autonomic nervous system

Sympathetic nerves & Parasympathetic nerves

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Venous Drainage

Into which veins do the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct drain to back to the heart?

The thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein, while the right lymphatic duct drains into the right subclavian vein, then enter the heart directed by superior vena cava.

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Position of the Heart

Where is the mediastinum?

central compartment in the thoracic pleural sacs of the lungs

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Where is the left border of the heart, runs along a line from ?? to ?? XX

from 2nd to 5th intercostal space (ICS)

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What are the two types of semilunar valves in the heart ?

aortic valve & pulmonary valve

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When atrium contracts, which valve closed and opened?

Bicuspid valve opened-Pulmonary valve closed

Tricuspid valve opened-Aortic valve closed

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When ventricle contracts, which valve closed and opened?

Pulmonary valve open-Bicuspid valve closed

Aortic valve opened-Tricuspid valve closed

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What is the sequence of pericardium? (from outer to inner)

Fibrous pericardium>Parietal pericardium>Pericardial cavity>Visceral pericardium>Myocardium>Endocardium

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Celiac trunk supplies... (7)

  1. Esophagus

  2. Liver

  3. Gallbladder

  4. Stomach

  5. Spleen

  6. Pancreas

  7. Duodenum

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Hepatic portal vein receives venous blood from ...

All abdominal organs

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Artery of coronary circulation

Aorta>Right coronary artery>Marginal artery+Posterior interventricular artery

Aorta>Left coronary artery>Circumflex(LCX)+Left anterior descending artery (LAD)

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Vein of coronary circulation

Small cardiac vein(R)+Middle cardiac vein+Great cardiac vein>Coronary sinus>Right atrium

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State the types of cardiac cell

  1. Contractile cell: cardiac muscle cells (able to contract)

  2. Non-contractile: pacemaker cells

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What is the origin & purpose of sympathetic & parasympathetic nerves?

Sympathetic nerve

Origin: sympathetic trunk

Purpose: ↑heart rate & contractility

Parasympathetic nerve

Origin: Vagus nerve (from brainstem)

Purpose: ↓heart rate & contractility

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What is primary lymphatic organ? And where is it?

Lymphocytes maturation.

Thymus, bone marrow

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What is primary lymphatic organ? And where is it?

Lymphocytes maturation.

Thymus, bone marrow

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What is secondary lymphatic organs? And where is it?

Lymphocyte activation.

Tonsil, Lymph nodes, Spleen

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Lymphatic vessels has lymph=??+??

ISF+lymphocytes

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What is the unique type of lymph in small intestine?

Lacteal

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What region of lymph does right lymphatic duct receives?

  1. Right sides of head & thorax

  2. Right shoulder

  3. Right arm

    *Thoracic duct就係收集其他

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