01 Medical Interviewing

Continue talking and signals that the clinician is interested in what they are saying.

Emotions maximize human communication and connection.

To gather information, formulate a diagnosis, determine drug interactions, and formulate a management plan.

To confirm or refute specific issues, rather than expand the conversation.

Involving patient preferences and determining the final plan together.

Poor patient satisfaction, physician frustration, and worse health outcomes.

Clearly explain the investigations and procedures and then obtain consent.

An approach that integrates aspects of both patient-centered and clinician-centered approaches.

The patient's medical history.

They can be used singly or in pairs every time the patient expresses an emotion.

FIFE stands for Intuiting how the patient might be feeling (F), Ideas/beliefs/attributions (I), Functioning (impact) (F), and Expectations (E).

“Do you drink, smoke, use recreational drugs, anything like that?”

Skills that allow for expansive and detailed responses, encouraging deeper conversation.

A type of reflection accomplished by repeating a word or phrase mentioned by the patient, letting the patient know they are heard and encouraging them to focus, expand, and elaborate.

Name, Understand, Respect, Support.

To respect the patient's preference and ensure a patient-centered approach.

The delivery of care is compromised.

Expression of concerns, feelings, and emotions that encourage relationship-centered care.

A biochemical alteration does not equal illness, the presence of a biological derangement does not shed light on the meaning of the symptoms to the patient, psychosocial variables are more important determinants of susceptibility, severity, and course of illness, the success of the most biological of treatments is influenced by psychosocial factors, and the patient-clinician relationship influences medical outcomes.

To understand how the symptoms affect the patient's daily life and activities.

Open-ended questions to encourage the patient to continue sharing their story.

3 to 4 seconds.

To establish a relationship with the patient, paving a way to successful diagnosis and treatment.

It refers to specific guidelines or standards for clinical communication.

Use the teach-back method.

Brief, noncommittal statements like 'I see,' 'Uh-huh,' 'Yes,' or 'Mmm' that encourage the patient to talk without directing the conversation.

Skills that elicit specific, concise responses, often used for clarification.

To signal the conclusion or addition to an idea and help the clinician direct the flow of the conversation.

When the patient's narrative becomes hard to follow, gets off-track, or overwhelming.

Introducing oneself, inquiring the patient's name and preferred way of address, ensuring patient readiness and privacy, removing communication barriers, ensuring patient comfort and putting them at ease, and sanitizing hands.

Bidirectional.

Questions where the answer is in the question and pushes the patient to respond in a specific manner.

The process of extracting information and analyzing the data for decision making.

To focus the patient on an already mentioned area that the clinician wants to expand upon.

Freely express what is on his/her mind.

A brief, concise compilation of pertinent data from the encounter, commonly done at the end of the HPI or end of the encounter.

Verbal cues to encourage the patient to continue talking.

Explaining the techniques, purpose and expectations of the examination, seeking permission, and appropriate draping to avoid over-exposure.

Focusing skills.

To systematically review the body systems for symptoms.

Sympathetic facial expression, eye contact, head nods, body language (leaning forward), and healing touch (with mindfulness).

It stands for the four skills in order: Name, Understand, Respect, Support.

The doctor leads the entire encounter and directs questions and flow of information to acquire data for identifying a disease.

Patients do not always express feelings or emotion, but it does not mean they do not have or want to share them.

Only in terms of disease (physical or psychiatric).

George Engel.

Forming a therapeutic relationship with the patient to ensure patient understanding, education, and compliance.

To allow the patient to continue their story or gather their thoughts.

By summarizing the symptom story and providing a transitional statement.

Opening the History Of Presenting Illness.

To gather information about the patient's social background and habits.

A structured way for a well-timed, truthful, and deferential exchange of information between patients or their carers, healthcare providers, or different members of health-professional teams.

In the middle of the interview where specific information is required from the patient, especially if there are gaps in the history.

By observing the patient's statement, nonverbal behavior, or actions.

The patient leads the entire encounter, tells their story, and directs the doctor to a diagnosis.

Invite the patient to ask any questions or discuss any concerns, agree on the next time of appointment, acknowledge and say goodbye.

To understand the patient's symptoms from their perspective.

An integrated mix of biological, psychological, and social components.

By expressing empathy and seeking to understand the patient's feelings.

Set the stage for the interview.

It is a code or reference for a specific clinical procedure or guideline.

At the end of the sequence.

To allow the patient to express without direction.

Communication and interpersonal skills.

To recap and reflect on the patient's narrative.

Obtain details from the PMHx (Past Medical History), SHx (Social History), FHx (Family History), and ROS (Review of Systems) using closed-ended questions.

To gather information about the patient's medical history.

By asking open-ended questions and echoing the patient's responses.

To understand the patient's emotional experience related to their symptoms.

To show understanding and encourage the patient to continue.

Conducting the physical examination.

To gather information about the patient's family medical history.

Opened Questions.

To complete the HPI (History of Present Illness).

Obtain a chronological description of HPI.

Elicit chief concern and set agenda.

History Of Presenting Illness.