Who led the first Muslim invasion of India and in which year did it occur?
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Mohammad Bin Qasim led the first Muslim invasion of India in 712 AD.
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Who led the first Muslim invasion of India and in which year did it occur?
Mohammad Bin Qasim led the first Muslim invasion of India in 712 AD.
Which ruler did Mohammad Bin Qasim defeat in Sindh?
Mohammad Bin Qasim defeated Raja Dahir in Sindh.
From which region did Mohammad Bin Qasim come?
Mohammad Bin Qasim came from the Arab region.
What was the fate of Raja Dahir after the invasion by Mohammad Bin Qasim?
Raja Dahir was killed by Mohammad Bin Qasim during the invasion of Sindh.
Who was the first Turk invader of India and what was his reign period?
Mahmud Ghaznavi was the first Turk invader of India, reigning from 998-1030 AD.
How many times did Mahmud Ghaznavi attack India and what was the year of his first attack?
Mahmud Ghaznavi attacked India 17 times, with his first attack in 1001 AD.
What was the main reason for Mahmud Ghaznavi's repeated invasions of India?
The main reasons were revenge for his father's (Subuktigin) death and loot.
Which city did Mahmud Ghaznavi come from?
Mahmud Ghaznavi came from Ghazni, Afghanistan.
Which famous temple did Mahmud Ghaznavi attack in 1025 AD?
Mahmud Ghaznavi attacked the Somnath Temple in 1025 AD.
What was the outcome of Mahmud Ghaznavi's last attack on India?
His last attack in 1027 AD was to take revenge from the Jaats for the 17th time.
Who wrote Shahnama and during whose reign?
Firdausi wrote Shahnama during Mahmud Ghaznavi's reign.
Who wrote Tahquiq-e-Hind and during whose reign?
Al Beruni wrote Tahquiq-e-Hind during Mahmud Ghaznavi's reign.
Who led the second major Turk invasion of India and what was his original name?
Mohammad Ghori led the second major Turk invasion; his original name was Muizuddin Mohammad.
When and where did Mohammad Ghori launch his first attack in India?
Mohammad Ghori launched his first attack in 1175 AD in Multan.
Who defeated Mohammad Ghori in Gujarat and in which year?
Bhima I defeated Mohammad Ghori in Gujarat in 1178 AD.
Who was Jai Chand and what was his role in the Second Battle of Tarain?
Jai Chand was the ruler of Gharwal; he helped Ghori in the Second Battle of Tarain because Prithviraj eloped with his daughter Sanyogita.
Who ruled Delhi during the Battles of Tarain?
Prithviraj III (Prithviraj Chauhan) ruled Delhi during the Battles of Tarain.
Who was Sanyogita and what was her significance in the conflict between Prithviraj and Jai Chand?
Sanyogita was Jai Chand's daughter, and Prithviraj eloped with her, angering Jai Chand and leading him to support Ghori.
What was the outcome of the First and Second Battles of Tarain?
Prithviraj Chauhan won the First Battle (1191 AD); Ghori won the Second Battle (1192 AD).
Who wrote Prithviraj Raso and in whose court?
Chandra Bardai wrote Prithviraj Raso in Prithviraj Chauhan's court.
Who was Prithviraj Chauhan's mother?
Prithviraj Chauhan's mother was Karpura Devi.
Which battle did Ghori fight against Jai Chand, and in which year?
Ghori fought the Battle of Chandawer against Jai Chand in 1194 AD.
Who were some notable slaves of Mohammad Ghori?
Qutubuddin Aibak, Yalduz, Qubacha, and Bhaktiyar Khilji were notable slaves of Ghori.
Who destroyed Nalanda University?
Bhaktiyar Khilji destroyed Nalanda University.
What happened to Mohammad Ghori in 1206 AD?
Mohammad Ghori died in 1206 AD while returning after defeating the Jaats.
List the five dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate in order.
Slave (1206-1290 AD), Khilji (1290-1320 AD), Tuglaq (1320-1414 AD), Sayyid (1414-1451 AD), Lodhi (1451-1526 AD).
Who was the founder of the Slave Dynasty and what was his capital?
Qutubuddin Aibak founded the Slave Dynasty with Lahore as his capital.
What tribe did the rulers of the Slave Dynasty belong to?
The rulers of the Slave Dynasty belonged to the Ilbari tribe.
What title was given to Qutubuddin Aibak and why?
He was titled 'Lakh Baksh' (giver of Lakhs) for his generosity.
How did Qutubuddin Aibak die and in which year?
Qutubuddin Aibak died in 1210 AD while playing Chaugan (polo).
Which two mosques did Qutubuddin Aibak construct?
Quwat-ul-Islam at Delhi and Adhai din ka Jhonpra at Ajmer.
What was the original structure of Adhai din ka Jhonpra before it became a mosque?
Adhai din ka Jhonpra was originally a Jain Monastery.
What is a Baoli and what was its purpose?
A Baoli is a stepped tank used for descending to a water tank.
What architectural technique was used in Quwat-ul-Islam mosque?
The Corbeled technique was used in Quwat-ul-Islam mosque.
Who began the construction of Qutub Minar and in whose honor?
Qutubuddin Aibak began the construction of Qutub Minar in honor of Sufi Saint Khwaja Qutubuddin Bhaktiyar Kaki.
How much of the Qutub Minar did Qutubuddin Aibak complete?
Qutubuddin Aibak completed only the basement of Qutub Minar.
Name two writers patronized by Qutubuddin Aibak and their works.
Hasan-un-Nazami (Taj-ul-Massir) and Fakhruddin (Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi).
Who was Shamsuddin Iltutmish and what was his relation to Aibak?
Shamsuddin Iltutmish was Aibak's son-in-law.
What major administrative change did Iltutmish make?
Iltutmish shifted the capital from Lahore to Delhi.
How did Iltutmish save the Delhi Sultanate from external threat?
He saved the Delhi Sultanate from the wrath of Chengiz Khan.
Who was Iltutmish's Wazir (Prime Minister)?
Nizam ul Mulk was Iltutmish's Wazir (Prime Minister).
In which year did Iltutmish die?
Iltutmish died in 1227 AD.
Which coins did Iltutmish introduce?
Iltutmish introduced the silver tanka and copper jital coins.
What was the Iqta System introduced by Iltutmish?
The Iqta System divided land into pieces for administration and revenue.
What was the Chahalgani Chalisa?
It was an official nobility of 40 Turkish slaves given Iqtas to generate revenue.
How did the Chahalgani Chalisa function?
Each of the 40 slaves was given an Iqta to generate revenue for the king.
Who was Razia Sultana and what was her significance?
Razia Sultana was the first and only Muslim lady ruler in India.
Who opposed Razia Sultana's rule and what happened to her?
Altunia, governor of Bhatinda, opposed her; she was imprisoned, later married Altunia, and was assassinated near Kaithal in 1240 AD.
Who was Yakut and what happened to him?
Yakut was Razia's companion; he was murdered by Altunia.
Which writer did Razia Sultana patronize?
She patronized Minhaj-al-Siraj, author of Tabakat-e-Nasiri.
Who was responsible for Razia Sultana's assassination?
Razia Sultana was assassinated near Kaithal (Haryana) due to a conspiracy by the Khokhar tribe.
Who was Ghiyassuddin Balban and what was his reign period?
Ghiyassuddin Balban ruled from 1266-1287 AD.
What was Balban's policy towards the Chalisa?
Balban broke the power of the Chalisa and restored the prestige of the crown.
What military department did Balban establish?
Balban established the Diwan-i-Arz (military department).
What insignia did Balban take and what was its meaning?
Balban took the insignia Chhatra, symbolizing royal authority.
What title did Balban take and what was its meaning?
He took the title Zil-i-llahi, meaning 'shadow of Allah.'
What was Balban's claimed ancestry?
Balban claimed descent from Afrasiyab.
What forms of royal salutation did Balban introduce?
He introduced Sijda (prostration) and Paibos (kissing the feet).
What was Balban's approach to governance?
He adopted a blood and iron policy.
Which festival did Balban start?
Balban started the Navroz festival.
Who was the last ruler of the Slave Dynasty?
Khaiqubad, Balban's grandson, was the last ruler of the Slave Dynasty.
Who was Nasiruddin Mehmud and what was Balban's relation to him?
Nasiruddin Mehmud was Iltutmish's son; Balban served as Naib under him before defeating the Chalisa and killing him.
Who was the Chahamana ruler during the Turk invasions?
Prithviraj III was the Chahamana ruler.
Which Mongol leader invaded Transoxiana in 1213?
Genghis Khan invaded Transoxiana in 1213.
Which city did Muhammad Ghori attack that was strategic for Prithviraj Chauhan?
Muhammad Ghori attacked Tarbarhinda (Bhatinda), a strategic point for Prithviraj Chauhan.
Which queen defeated Muhammad Ghori?
Queen Naikidevi defeated Muhammad Ghori.
To which dynasty is Dhruvasena III related?
Dhruvasena III is related to the Vataka Dynasty.
Who invaded India in 1398?
Timur invaded India in 1398.
Which pass did Alexander use to invade India in 326 BC?
Alexander used the Khyber Pass to invade India in 326 BC.
What is the significance of the Khyber Pass in Indian history?
The Khyber Pass was a key route used by several invaders, including Alexander, to enter India.
