3 Eyelid and Lacrimal Disorders Slides

Ectropion is a condition where the eyelid turns outward, exposing the inner surface.

It helps in diagnosing diseases, determining prognosis, and guiding treatment decisions.

The orbital portion.

Modified sweat glands.

An infection of the lacrimal sac.

In the conjunctiva.

Entropion and ectropion.

The Quickert procedure is used to treat entropion, a condition where the eyelid turns inward.

A condition where the eyelid is turned inward.

Entropion is a condition where the eyelid turns inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the eye.

It is a congenital condition where there is an abnormal connection between the muscles that move the jaw and the muscles that lift the eyelid, causing the eyelid to move when the jaw moves.

20 - 25

Loose or sagging skin creating folds or hiding the contour of the upper lid.

A condition characterized by the inversion of the eyelashes.

The lipid layer prevents evaporation of the aqueous layer.

It involves the analysis of DNA, RNA, and proteins to diagnose and understand diseases at a molecular level.

They are accessory glands in the conjunctiva.

Show pictures.

Horizontal lid shortening is performed to tighten and shorten the eyelid, often to correct eyelid laxity or ectropion.

The mucin layer changes the corneal epithelium so that the tear film spreads equally on the surface.

Scratchy sensation.

Burning sensation.

It oxygenates the cornea.

The lipid layer increases surface tension to prevent spilling of tears over the lower eyelid.

Potential causes include muscle weakness, scarring, inflammation, or congenital defects.

A condition where the lower eyelid is turned outward.

Dacryoadenitis is the inflammation of the lacrimal gland.

The palpebral portion.

A surgical technique involving a horizontal incision through the eyelid.

Ectropion is a condition where the eyelid turns outward, exposing the inner surface.

It removes debris from the conjunctiva and cornea.

The edge of the eyelid where the skin meets the conjunctiva and where the eyelashes are located.

Tissues, cells, and organs.

Histopathology, cytopathology, and molecular pathology.

Be realistic.

A surgical technique used to correct eyelid malpositions, particularly entropion and ectropion.

It is caused by an abnormal connection between the trigeminal nerve (which controls jaw movement) and the oculomotor nerve (which controls eyelid movement).

The main goal of the Quickert procedure is to reposition the eyelid to prevent it from turning inward and irritating the eye.

Skin, subcutaneous tissue, orbicularis oculi muscle, tarsal plate, levator palpebrae superioris muscle, subconjunctival tissue, and conjunctiva.

Complications can include corneal abrasions, infections, and vision loss.

Treatment options may include surgical correction to disconnect the abnormal nerve pathways or to correct associated ptosis (drooping eyelid).

It impairs vision.

Orbital portion, palpebral portion, and ciliary portion.

The study of diseased tissue under a microscope.

Dacryocystitis is the inflammation of the lacrimal sac.

A condition where there are 'double' eyelashes, with more than one lash growing from each Meibomian gland orifice.

Conjunctival goblet cells, crypts of Henle, and glands of Manz.

Babies and postmenopausal ladies.

It supplies a smooth optical surface.

Treatment options include lubricating eye drops, botulinum toxin injections, and surgical correction.

Watery eye or discharge.

Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that begins in the basal cells.

Histo-pathologic evaluation.

The Lazy-T procedure involves making incisions in a T-shape to reposition and tighten the eyelid.

The Quickert procedure typically involves the lower eyelid and the underlying muscle and tendon structures.

Lacrimal, Wolfring, and Krause glands.

Set your goals.

Lysosim.

Everting sutures are used to turn the eyelid margin outward, often to correct entropion.

Less than 15 seconds.

A surgical procedure to elevate the position of the eyebrow.

Common symptoms include irritation, dryness, tearing, and redness of the eye.

Improved eyelid position, reduced irritation, and better protection of the eye.

To diagnose diseases by examining tissues, cells, and organs.

The primary goal of the Quickert procedure is to correct the inward turning of the eyelid to prevent irritation and damage to the eye.

Modified sebaceous glands.

The Quickert procedure corrects entropion by tightening the lower eyelid and repositioning the muscles and tendons to prevent the eyelid from turning inward.

The Quickert procedure primarily addresses entropion.

The procedure involves making a T-shaped incision on the eyelid, repositioning the eyelid margin, and securing it in place to correct the malposition.

The lower eyelid is typically affected by ectropion.

Informed consent.

To improve the appearance of the brow and upper eyelid area.

A type of skin cancer that originates in the squamous cells of the epidermis.

It prevents muscle contraction.

Diagnosis typically involves a clinical examination, imaging studies like MRI or CT scans, and sometimes blood tests to identify underlying conditions.

No, basal cell carcinoma is usually slow-growing and rarely metastasizes.

Through a physical examination and a biopsy of the suspicious lesion.

Basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Sebaceous cell carcinoma, Malignant melanoma.

A benign tumor of the eyelid.

Temporary occlusion or reversible long-term/permanent occlusion.

A malignant tumor of the eyelid.

Foreign body sensation.

Meibomian glands.

A key step in the Quickert procedure involves everting the eyelid and placing sutures to correct the inward turning.

The ciliary portion.

Common symptoms include eye irritation, redness, tearing, and a sensation of something in the eye.

Clostridium botulinum A toxin.

Malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin.

Symptoms include drooping eyelid (ptosis), double vision (diplopia), and an outward and downward deviation of the affected eye.

Stress, fatigue, bright lights, and wind.

Common symptoms include open sores, red patches, pink growths, shiny bumps, or scars.

Small lateral tarsorrhaphy.

Early detection is crucial because it significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and reduces the risk of the cancer spreading to other parts of the body.

The Lazy-T procedure is used for the surgical repair of ectropion.

It prevents overflow of tears and rapid evaporation of tears.

The Quickert procedure is used to correct entropion, a condition where the eyelid turns inward.

The study of individual cells to diagnose diseases.

Red eyes.

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a condition characterized by dry eyes due to insufficient tear production.

Mirror.

Acute inflammation of the lacrimal gland.

Van Ermengen in 1897.

A condition characterized by involuntary, repetitive spasms of the eyelid muscles.

Eyelashes, meibomian gland openings, and the gray line.

Massage and probing after 1 year.

Treat the underlying cause and use systemic antibiotics for bacterial infections.

Signs include a new mole or a change in an existing mole, such as asymmetry, irregular borders, multiple colors, diameter larger than 6mm, and evolving shape or color.

Treatment options may include addressing the underlying cause, using eye patches or prisms for double vision, and in some cases, surgery to correct eye alignment or eyelid position.

Brow ptosis, which is the drooping of the eyebrow.

Low humidity, air conditioners, and hair dryers.

A benign tumor of the eyelid.

Light sensitivity.

Obstruction of the nasolacrimal (N-L) duct.

The name comes from the T-shaped incision made during the surgery.

The third cranial nerve, or oculomotor nerve, controls most of the eye's movements, including constriction of the pupil and maintaining an open eyelid.

Basal cells are found in the lowest layer of the epidermis.

Treatment options include lubricating eye drops, ointments, and surgery to correct the eyelid position.

Lowering room temperature.

Diagnosis is typically made through a skin examination and confirmed with a biopsy of the suspicious lesion.

Yes, basal cell carcinoma can recur, especially if not completely removed.

Gels (e.g., Duratears) and ointments (e.g., Lacri-Lube).

Canaliculi are small channels that transport tears from the puncta to the lacrimal sac.

The lipid layer lubricates the eyelids.

It is diagnosed through clinical observation of the eyelid movement in response to jaw movements such as chewing or opening the mouth.

The primary symptom is the involuntary movement of the eyelid in sync with jaw movements, often noticeable when chewing or sucking.

Leukemia, lymphoma, tuberculosis (TB), and sarcoidosis.

Acetylcholine.

Dry eye.

Brow suspension is a surgical procedure used to elevate a drooping eyebrow.

Hyperthyroidism.

Improved vision, enhanced facial appearance, and alleviation of discomfort caused by drooping eyebrows.

A benign tumor of the eyelid.

An infection in the glands of Zeis or Moll.

Mumps and common cold.

Pre-synaptic vesicles.

Levator palpebrae superioris muscle.

Causes can include aneurysms, head trauma, brain tumors, infections, and diabetes.

Treatments include botulinum toxin injections, medications, and in some cases, surgery.

Using room humidifiers.

The primary goal is to improve the appearance and function of the eyelid by lifting a drooping eyebrow.

Surgical removal, radiation therapy, cryotherapy, and topical medications.

Mucolytic agents.

A malignant tumor of the eyelid.

Orbicularis oculi muscle.

Involuntary eyelid twitching, blinking, and closure of the eyelids.

The primary cause is long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight.

A subtle line that serves as a surgical landmark, separating the anterior and posterior lamellae of the eyelid.

Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, fair skin, history of sunburns, and weakened immune system.

A persistent, scaly red patch, open sore, elevated growth with a central depression, or a wart-like growth that may crust or bleed.

Antihistamines and beta-blocking agents.

Common techniques include direct brow lift, endoscopic brow lift, and internal brow suspension.

The lacrimal gland is responsible for producing tears.

A malignant tumor of the eyelid.

Staphylococcal and seborrheic blepharitis.

Antibiotics and surgery (Dacryocystorhinostomy or DSR).

S-shaped ptosis, tender lacrimal fossa, injection of palpebral lacrimal gland and conjunctiva, and reduction in lacrimal secretion.

The tarsal plate provides structural support to the eyelid.

It plays a crucial role in protecting the eye, maintaining tear film stability, and facilitating proper eyelid closure.

Treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

They are accessory lacrimal glands that contribute to tear production.

The lacrimal sac collects tears from the canaliculi before they drain into the nasolacrimal duct.

Potential causes include aging, facial paralysis, scarring, and congenital defects.

Ptosis (drooping) of the brow or asymmetry of the eyebrows.

In areas exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, neck, lips, and backs of the hands.

Eye lid abnormalities and epithelial defects.

Botulinum toxin injections help to temporarily paralyze the muscles causing the spasms.

To supplement natural tears.

The puncta are small openings that drain tears from the eye's surface into the canaliculi.

The nasolacrimal duct is a passage that drains tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity.

Melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin.

Risk factors include excessive UV exposure, fair skin, family history of melanoma, and having many moles or atypical moles.

It is less invasive and typically results in smaller scars.

Treatment options include surgical excision, Mohs surgery, cryotherapy, and topical medications.

Tears Naturale.

A benign tumor of the eyelid.

A chalazion is a chronic inflammatory lesion that develops when a meibomian gland becomes obstructed.

They secrete oils that help to keep the tear film stable and prevent evaporation.

Direct brow lift, endoscopic brow lift, and transblepharoplasty brow lift.

The gray line is a landmark that separates the anterior and posterior lamellae of the eyelid.

Sjogren's syndrome, often seen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Naevus, Papilloma, Xanthelasma, Actinic keratosis.

Yes, it can metastasize to other tissues and organs if not treated promptly.

An infection of the meibomian glands.

A malignant tumor of the eyelid.

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral infection that causes raised, pearl-like papules or nodules on the skin.