COM 110 chapter 1-6 notes

Increase in cultural diversity due to new citizens from Latin and South America, Africa, and internet dating.

Coexistence and respect for people from other cultures.

Because our economic lives are increasingly connected to and dependent upon different cultures.

What proves effective in one culture may be ineffective in another, especially in business contexts.

It makes news from foreign countries easily accessible and facilitates communication through platforms like WhatsApp and Zoom.

The process through which you learn the culture into which you're born.

Applying what you heard and reconstructing memories based on understanding.

When people believe something happened that didn't, as the brain fills in gaps.

Watching the same movie can lead to different meanings, prompting reevaluation of perspectives.

To resist evaluation and distinguish facts from opinions.

Bandwagon reasoning, where something is claimed true because many people say it is.

Immediate Feedback and Delayed Feedback.

Focus on the other person and avoid thought-completing listening.

Messages sent through oral or written words.

It's not what you say, it's how you say it; verbal and nonverbal should align.

A commitment to the ways and beliefs of your culture.

They shape how people perceive us, such as being liked through smiling or being believed through appropriate body language.

The process of learning the rules and norms of a culture different from your native culture.

It indicates that it is the student's turn to talk.

Maintaining physical closeness, eye contact, and smiling to convey interest and attention.

One may need to adapt from cultural practices like kissing on the cheek to handshakes in a different culture.

Relationships develop, are maintained, and sometimes destroyed through interpersonal interactions.

It causes you to assume that a person is telling the truth based on your relationship with them.

The goal of the individual is the most important.

Through tie signs that communicate relationship status, such as handshakes for professional relationships or kisses for romantic ones.

It causes you to assume that a person is lying.

Success is measured through contributions to the group.

They provide cues that regulate interaction and guide who is speaking.

Touching their hair, neck, or face, and showing anxiety.

Side hugs and high fives.

A South Korean team leader checks in with all members to ensure everyone's input is considered.

Important for interviews, job fairs, and leading meetings; communication is more important than job-specific skills.

Through facial expressions, posture, gestures, and eye movement.

Through emoticons, smileys, and emojis, especially when not face-to-face.

Mindfulness - being aware and open to new information and points of view.

Emphasis on face-saving, relationship value, and non-verbal cues.

It suggests 'I don’t care.'

It ranges from extremely casual (impersonal) to extremely intimate (interpersonal).

Direct and clear communication, less emphasis on relationships, and more likely to criticize openly.

It is a continuous transaction with no clear start or end.

It is a process where elements are interdependent, mutually influence each other, and evolve over time.

By smiling while feeling scared or worried during a presentation.

You are always communicating, whether verbally or non-verbally.

It varies in mindfulness, requiring awareness and openness to new perspectives.

You cannot take back what has been said, and electronic messages are hard to destroy.

Uncertainty.

It helps to decipher true emotions we or others are feeling.

A conversation between students might change when they see the teacher walk by and start to eavesdrop.

Clear-cut communication rules.

You will not get the same reaction from people every time.

Marriage is viewed as a practical arrangement.

As a specialized lifestyle of a group passed on through communication, not genetics.

To learn.

As a moral arrangement.

Race is biological, while ethnicity involves common geographical heritage, language, and religion.

The tendency to evaluate a culture's values, beliefs, and behaviors as superior and those of other cultures as inferior.

Verbal and nonverbal messages reinforce or support each other; they should align to create a clear and coherent message.

It affects how others are seen.

Gratification of desires and having fun.

Classifications created by society, such as race and ethnicity, used to reward groups.

Tagging a friend in a post that relates to them.

Grouping a person into a class and responding negatively to that person.

If verbal and nonverbal messages do not align, it can lead to misunderstandings, as in the example of a friend saying 'I am fine' with a sad tone.

Gender is self-defined based on what boys and girls learn from their culture.

They emphasize curbing and regulating pleasures.

In Saudi Arabia, discussions are largely non-verbal and rely on subtle cues and relationship-building, while in Germany, negotiations are conducted through clear and detailed written contracts with little reliance on non-verbal communication.

Through platforms like Rate My Professor.

Receiving.

Each person interprets messages differently based on their social and cultural perspectives; meaning is created, not just received.

Communication between people of different cultures, beliefs, values, and behaviors.

Culture shapes how individuals interact and understand each other.

A lack of consequences.

Significant differences in power between people, where students are subordinate to teachers and relationships occur within cultural class hierarchies.

Denotative meaning is the dictionary definition, while connotative meaning is the subjective or emotional interpretation of a word.

Words can be interpreted differently by different people.

Attention to detail and avoiding distractions.

Educating yourself about different cultures.

The act of sending messages with the intention of deceiving another person.

Power is more evenly distributed, students are encouraged to challenge professors, and there is less emphasis on hierarchy in friendships.

Understanding.

The word 'church' has a denotative meaning related to a place of worship, but its connotative meaning might evoke feelings of relief.

The actual information being communicated.

To understand variations within culturally different groups and meanings.

Lying to achieve some good, such as telling a friend she looks good in a dress.

They emphasize assertiveness, ambition, competition, and material success, and are more likely to confront others to resolve differences.

Abstraction is the degree to which messages are general or specific; effective messages can include words at any level of abstraction.

The nature of the relationship between the people communicating.

That you understand the message without clarification.

Your stereotypes.

They emphasize compromise, negotiation, quality of life, close interpersonal relationships, and care for the group rather than competition.

Lying to make yourself look good, like tweaking a resume.

A parent telling a child to clean their room (content) reflects the authority of the parent (relationship).

Asking questions and paraphrasing.

The word 'entertainment' is general, while specific examples include 'Beyonce,' 'Money Heist,' or 'Suits.'

Sweden focuses on collaboration, work-life balance, and employee well-being, while Japan emphasizes ambition, long working hours, and material success.

Lying to protect yourself.

Going to therapy.

Reducing your ethnocentrism.

They feel little threatened by uncertainty and encourage different approaches and perspectives.

Lying to harm someone, such as making up a lie to get a coworker fired.

By being aware of and reducing ethnocentrism.

It allows for interaction and bonding.

Being willing to speak your mind and welcoming others to do the same.

Analyze assertive communication, rehearse assertiveness, describe the problem, state how it affects you, propose solutions, and confirm understanding.

Communication without words.

Understanding nonverbal cues can enhance interpersonal interactions and improve communication effectiveness.

Communication about communication, important for clarifying patterns between individuals.

They convey feelings about a message without needing to verbalize them, such as through the use of emojis.

Positive face uses kind language and compliments to be seen positively, while negative face uses indirect messages to respect independence.

It is desirable across most cultures and is crucial in business interpersonal interactions to avoid offending others.

Messages where the author or sender is clearly identified, such as face-to-face conversations or emails.

Messages where the author or sender is not identified, like those on Reddit or anonymous letters.

It can encourage honesty and allow people to voice unpopular opinions.

It may lead to a lack of accountability and potential misuse of the anonymity.