What are the carpal bones of the wrist?
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Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate.
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What are the carpal bones of the wrist?
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate.
What is cutaneous innervation?
The distribution of nerves to the skin.
What is peripheral innervation of the upper limb also known as?
Cutaneous innervation.
What are the four major segments of the upper limb?
What can be identified on the radius bone?
Head, radial tuberosity, ulnar notch, and styloid process.
What is located at the proximal end of the radius bone?
Head.
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis.
What is the name of the bony prominence on the radius for the attachment of the biceps muscle?
Radial tuberosity.
Which nerve innervates the Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus muscles?
Suprascapular nerve.
What is the name of the structure on the distal end of the radius that forms part of the wrist joint?
Styloid process.
Which nerve innervates the Teres minor muscle?
Axillary nerve.
Which nerves innervate the Subscapularis muscle?
Upper and lower subscapular nerves.
What is the name of the bony prominence at the top of the ulna?
Olecranon process.
Which part of the ulna articulates with the trochlea of the humerus?
Trochlear notch.
What is the primary muscle in the arm responsible for flexing the elbow?
Biceps brachii.
What is the name of the projection on the anterior surface of the ulna, just below the coronoid process?
Ulnar tuberosity.
Which nerve innervates the biceps brachii and brachialis muscles?
Musculocutaneous nerve.
What is the name of the depression on the lateral side of the ulna that articulates with the head of the radius?
Radial notch.
Which muscle in the arm is responsible for extending the elbow?
Triceps brachii.
Which nerve innervates the triceps brachii muscle?
Radial nerve.
What is the name of the pointed bony projection at the distal end of the ulna?
Styloid process.
Which muscle in the arm assists in elbow extension and pronation of the forearm?
Anconeus.
Which nerve innervates the anconeus muscle?
Radial nerve.
What are the bones located between the carpal bones and the phalanges?
Metacarpals.
How many metacarpal bones are there in the hand?
What are the three types of phalanges in the hand?
Proximal, Middle, and Distal.
What are the muscles located in the palm and digits called?
Thenar Muscles, Hypothenar Muscles, and Deep Muscles.
What are the superficial veins of the upper limb involved in drainage?
Cephalic and basilic veins.
Which nerve innervates the Thenar Muscles?
Recurrent branch of the median N.
What is the drainage pathway for the dorsum of the hand?
Dorsal venous arch and lymphatic drainage.
Which nerve supplies the Hypothenar Muscles?
Ulnar N.
What is indicated by the green arrows in the context of upper limb drainage?
Superficial lymphatic drainage to lymph nodes.
What are the deep muscles of the hand?
Adductor pollicis, Palmar and dorsal interossei, and Lumbricals.
From where do the palmar and dorsal interossei muscles arise?
From the shafts of the metacarpal.
To what do the lumbricals attach proximally?
Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus.
What is another name for the pectoral girdle?
Clavicle and scapula.
What are the two ends of the clavicle?
Sternal end and acromial end.
Name the borders of the scapula.
Lateral border, medial border, and superior border.
What is the name of the cavity on the scapula?
Glenoid cavity (fossa).
What process is found on the scapula?
Coracoid process and acromion process.
Name the three fossae on the scapula.
Supraspinatus fossa, infraspinatous fossa, and subscapular fossa.
What are the two sides of the scapula?
Anterior and posterior.
Which nerve innervates the Pronator teres muscle?
Median Nerve.
What group of muscles is associated with the pectoral girdle?
Rotator cuff.
What nerve innervates the Flexor carpi radialis muscle?
Median Nerve.
Which nerve provides innervation to the Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?
Ulnar Nerve.
Which nerve innervates the Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle?
Median Nerve.
Which nerve provides innervation to the Flexor pollicis longus muscle?
Branch of Median Nerve.
Which nerve innervates the Brachioradialis muscle?
Radial Nerve.
What nerve provides innervation to the Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle?
Radial Nerve.
Which nerve innervates the Extensor digitorum muscle?
Branch of Radial Nerve.
What nerve provides innervation to the Supinator muscle?
Branch of Radial Nerve.
What is the purpose of X-rays of the Wrist/Hand?
To diagnose and assess injuries or conditions affecting the wrist and hand.
What does 'AP Hand' stand for in the context of X-rays?
Anteroposterior Hand view, which is a standard X-ray view to assess the hand.
What does 'Lateral Hand' indicate in X-ray imaging?
It refers to a side view of the hand in X-ray imaging.
What is the purpose of an 'Oblique Hand' X-ray?
To capture an angled view of the hand for a comprehensive assessment.
What is the head of the humerus?
The proximal end of the humerus that articulates with the scapula.
What are the muscles of the shoulder?
Deltoid, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Subclavius, Coracobrachialis, Serratus anterior, Trapezius, Levator scapulae, Rhomboid major, Rhomboid minor, Latissimus dorsi, Teres major.
What is the anatomical neck of the humerus?
The constriction below the head of the humerus.
Which nerve innervates the Deltoid muscle?
Axillary nerve.
What is the surgical neck of the humerus?
The region of the humerus that is prone to fractures.
Which nerves innervate the Pectoralis major muscle?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves.
What are the great and lesser tubercles of the humerus?
Bony projections on the proximal end of the humerus for muscle attachment.
Which nerve innervates the Pectoralis minor muscle?
Medial pectoral nerve.
What is the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus also known as?
Bicipital sulcus.
Which nerve innervates the Subclavius muscle?
Nerve to subclavius.
Where is the deltoid tuberosity located?
On the shaft of the humerus for deltoid muscle attachment.
Which nerve innervates the Coracobrachialis muscle?
Musculocutaneous nerve.
What are the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus?
Bony projections at the distal end of the humerus for muscle attachment.
Which nerve innervates the Serratus anterior muscle?
Long thoracic nerve.
What does the capitulum of the humerus articulate with?
The radius bone.
Which nerve innervates the Trapezius muscle?
CNXI (Accessory nerve).
What does the trochlea of the humerus articulate with?
The ulna bone.
Which nerve innervates the Levator scapulae muscle?
Dorsal scapular nerve.
Where is the olecranon fossa located?
On the posterior surface of the distal end of the humerus for the olecranon process of the ulna.
Which nerve innervates the Rhomboid major and Rhomboid minor muscles?
Dorsal scapular nerve.
Where is the coronoid fossa located?
On the anterior surface of the distal end of the humerus for the coronoid process of the ulna.
Which nerve innervates the Latissimus dorsi muscle?
Thoracodorsal nerve.
Which nerve innervates the Teres major muscle?
Lower subscapular nerve.
Where is the radial fossa located?
On the anterior surface of the distal end of the humerus for the head of the radius.
